Sharif Digital Repository

Hydroxyapatite is the most substantial inorganic component of bone tissue which displays great biocompability and bioactivity. Nevertheless, its mechanical properties is not appropriate for a bone substitiues. Therefore, it is used to improve the mechanical properties of polymer matrix composite scaffolds. In the present work chitosan as a polymeric matrix was employed to fabricate hydroxyapatite- chitosan biocomposite scaffolds. Sol-Gel method was employed to synthesize hydroxyapatite nano particles. Porous scaffolds were fabricated via freeze-drying by introducing two different cross linkers, Glutaraldehyde and Sodium Tripolyphosphate. Mechanical (compressive strength), biocampability and... 

The purpose of this study is to apply the governing equations of the theory of porous media with the concept of volume fractions to calculate the isotropic half-space responses subjected to a surface and asymmetric loading and to compare the responses with Biot’s theory. For this purpose, each of the components is first considered continuous and the equilibrium equations of mass and momentum for the solid and fluid phases based on the mixture theory are expressed. The concept of volume fractions and the effect of interaction between the two phases, distinguish these equations from the equations of the continuum theory. Thus, the governing coupled partial differential equations of the theory... 

Statistical studies indicate the fact that in Iran, like many other developing countries, a significant percentage of buildings are made of traditional materials and most of them are adobe buildings especially in rural areas. Furthermore, geological data indicates that Iran is located in alps-Himalayas seismic zone and exposed by destructive earthquakes and adobe buildings suffer the most damages comparing with other type of the structures. According to these explanations, this research deals with adobe buildings behavior and provides solutions for reinforcing them and improving the seismic response of these buildings. These studies include numerical modeling with finite elements methods by... 

In this thesis we consider the problem of distributed computation by many processors.We mainly concentrate on matrix multiplication problem in this thesis because of its importance. A distributed system consists of N worker processors and one master processor. The master processor should distribute the computation between workers and after computation in each of them, collect the results. In this thesis, we are going to mitigate the effect of straggler processors by using coding methods. Straggler processors can cause delays in the computation time.In this thesis, we firstly introduce a method to multiply any number of matrices in each other. The proposed method occurred in one shot without... 

The main goal of current investigation was partial reduction of Fe2O3 available in Hematite-rich ore to Magnetite by Fludization Bed method. The reductive gas, CO, was produced by incomplete combustion of Acetylene and Airmixed in inappropriate ratio. X-Ray Diffraction and X-Ray Florescence analyses were implemented in order to conducting qualitative analysis of present phases before and after reduction of the ore. Quantitative analysis of the same phases was also conducted by Titration. The latter analysis revealed the precise magnitude of available iron in each of the oxide containing phases. The chemical composition of the reactor gas was also determined before and after reduction... 

Abstract The problem of competetive facility location can be defined as follows: There are a number of customers in the form of points in space, and two players arrange a number of facilities in the form of points in space, given some limitations, respectively. Each customer’s connection to each facility has a cost for the customer and an advantage for the facility, and each customer wants to be connected to at most one of the facilities which has the lowest cost for him. The goal is to find the strategy of placing the facilities and determining the cost which the facility receives from the customer, in such a way that the player’s profit is maximised.In this thesis, we first sought to... 

Zero knowledge proofs allow a person (prover) to convince another person (verifier) that he has performed a specific computation on a secret data correctly, and has obtained a true answer, without having to disclose the secret data. QAP (Quadratic Arithmetic Program) based zkSNARKs (zero knowledge Succinct Non-interactive Argument of Knowledge) are a type of zero knowledge proof. They have several properties that make them attractive in practice, e.g. verifier's work is very easy. So they are used in many areas such as Blockchain and cloud computing. But yet prover's work in QAP based zkSNARKs is heavy, therefore, it may not be possible for a prover with limited processing resource to run... 

Lightweight clients are a type of blockchain users who do not store all the blocks in the blockchain due to limited resources. These users store only a small part of each block and when needed, request transactions from full nodes that store the entire blockchain. These users have no role in block validation and only want to receive transactions related to their addresses with proof of the inclusion in the block from full nodes.Since light clients rely on full nodes for receiving transactions, their privacy against full nodes is important. The current implementation of Bitcoin uses Bloom filters for privacy, but this offers very little privacy to the users.In this thesis, we study the... 

Power system frequency regulation entitled load frequency control (LFC) has been one of the important control problems in electric power system design and operation. Off-normal frequency can directly impact on power system operation and system reliability. A large frequency deviation can damage equipment, degrade load performance, cause the transmission lines to be overloaded and can interfere with system protection schemes, ultimately leading to an unstable condition for the power system . On the other hand, the increasing need for electrical energy in the 21st century, as well as limited fossil fuel reserves and the increasing concerns with environmental issues for the reduction of carbon... 

The  aim  of  this  work  is  to  investigate  some  theoretical  models  developed  in  recent years for describing electronic correlation and apply them to some special problems  and  metallicity  and  insulating  behavior  of  one  type  of  paramagnetic  systems. One  of  the  vast‐applied  and  effective  routines  for  investigating  the  strongly  correlated electron systems is Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DMFT). In the first part,  the  equations  of  DMFT  are  solved  on  nearly  real  frequency  axis  with  a  effective and more reliable solver a little parameter γ above the real axis. This approach  appears  fine  structures  that  can’t  be  captured  with  the ... 

In this thesis, we consider a network creation game in which, each player (vertex) has a limited budget to establish links to other players. In our model, each link has a unit cost and each agent tries to minimize its cost which is its local diameter or its total distance to other players in the (undirected) underlying graph of the created network. Two variants of the game are studied: in the MAX version, the cost incurred to a vertex is the maximum distance between that vertex and other vertices, and in the SUM version, the cost incurred to a vertex is the sum of distances between that vertex and other vertices. We prove that in both versions pure Nash equilibria exist, but the problem of... 

Controlling damage level of structures for an earthquake with certain intensity is the main purpose in seismic performance based design. This is done by estimating and confining the structure displacements and related global and local response parameters. Even though nonlinear time history analysis method is the most exact method for predicting seismic behavior of structures, but its application is limited because of being complex. Nonlinear static analysis procedure (Pushover analysis) which is based on analyzing the structure subjected to the incremental lateral load is an alternative method that has been recommended by recent structural codes. In order to consider the soil-structure... 

Let P be a set of points in the plane, each equipped with a directional antenna that can cover a sector of angle and range r. In the symmetric model of communication, two antennas u and v can communicate to each other, if and only if v lies in u’s coverage area and vice versa. In this paper, we introduce the concept of fault-tolerant spanners for directional antennas, which enables us to construct communication networks that retain their connectivity and spanning ratio even if a subset of antennas are removed from the network. We show how to orient the antennas with angle and range r to obtain a k-fault-tolerant spanner for any positive integer k. For ⩾ , we show that the range 13 for the... 

Soil-structure interaction has significant effect on dynamic behavior of the super structure. This effect is usually investigated in two separate parts, i.e., the Kinematic Interaction effect and the Inertial Interaction effect. The first modifies the input ground motion to the foundation as a result of difference in soil and foundation stiffness. The later, i.e., the II effect, introduces the effect of soil flexibility and radiation of waves into the supporting medium on the response of the structure. These effects are usually considered by introducing a replacement oscillator with modified natural period and damping ratio subjected... 

Because of growing amount of data which communicated across the world, analyzing massive data set becomes more important than ever. The graph structure as an important and broadly used data structure is much more important than others. In this thesis, besides introducing the sublinear time algorithm model for massive data as a very efficient and superfast method to deal with massive data, we use them to solve problems for colored graphs. As a fundamental property, we try to compute the average of colored degree. This problem is analyzed from different aspects with various limitation. Two algorithms with multiplicative approximation factor, based on the average degree of simple graphs are... 

The main purpose of this study is to estimate the natural frequency and damping ratio for soil-structure systems with embedded foundation with sufficient accuracy. The results are then compared to guidelines in current seismic codes. This is done through an extensive parametric study using a set of non-dimensional parameters, which define the soil-structure systems. For this purpose a simplified soil-structure model is used. Although more rigorous models and numerical solutions are available, they are time consuming and not suitable for parametric study. Existing formula for seismic provisions for the equivalent period and damping ratio of soil-structure systems are based on studies on...