Sharif Digital Repository

One of the shortcomings of photoconductive (PC) antennas in terahertz (THz) generation is low effective radiated power in the desirable direction. In this paper, we propose a defective photonic crystal (DPC) substrate consisting of a customized 2D array of air holes drilled into a solid substrate in order to improve the radiation characteristics of THz PC antennas. The effect of the proposed structure on the performance of a conventional THz PC antenna has been examined from several aspects including radiation efficiency, directivity, and field distribution. By comparing the radiation performance of the THz antenna on the proposed DPC substrate to that of the conventional solid substrate, it... 

In this paper, arrays of two different terahertz (THz) antennas based on defective photonic crystal (DPC) substrates are proposed and their radiation characteristics are investigated by using full-wave simulation. We show that employing DPC substrates in THz photoconductive antenna (PCA) arrays reduces the amount of power coupled to the substrate surface waves and, as a result, decreases the mutual coupling between the elements of the antenna array and increases the directivity in the boresight direction. By studying 1 × 2 arrays of bowtie and four-leaf-clover-shaped antennas, we show that either the improvement of directivity in a broad bandwidth or the enhancement of photomixer antenna... 

The effect of dielectric cladding on the waveguiding characteristics of an array of metallic pillars on a metal plane in the sub-terahertz band is explored. Firstly, a 2D structure made up of a metallic grating of infinite lateral width with various dielectric overlays is analytically studied to get more insight into the problem. Then the ideas inferred from the 2D structure are applied to the realistic 3D structure that has a finite lateral width. It is shown that by proper design of the dielectric medium surrounding the metallic structure the modal field confinement can be enhanced in a broad frequency band resulting in a low bending loss. Especially, by integrating the pillars into a... 

Edit distance is one of the most fundamental problems in combinatorial optimization to measure the similarity between strings. Ulam distance is a special case of edit distance where no character is allowed to appear more than once in a string. Recent developments have been very fruitful for obtaining fast and parallel algorithms for both edit distance and Ulam distance. In this work, we present an almost optimal MPC (massively parallel computation) algorithm for Ulam distance and improve MPC algorithms for edit distance. Our algorithm for Ulam distance is almost optimal in the sense that (1) the approximation factor of our algorithm is $1+epsilon$1+ϵ, (2) the round complexity of our... 

In this paper, we propose a new one-dimensional, two-segmental nonlinear map by combining tent, triangle and parabola curve functions. We call the proposed map, Mehrab map since its return maps shape is similar to an altar (which we call it "Mehrab"). Definition and properties of Mehrab map along with orbit diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, and its histograms are considered. To generate more uniform density function maps, two modified versions of the proposed Mehrab map are also defined. In the first modification of Mehrab map (FMM), vertical symmetry and transformation to the right are used. Sensitivity to initial condition and total chaotic range of FMM are medium. Probability density function... 

Edit distance is one of the most fundamental problems in computer science. Tree edit distance is a natural generalization of edit distance to ordered rooted trees. Such a generalization extends the applications of edit distance to areas such as computational biology, structured data analysis (e.g., XML), image analysis, and compiler optimization. Perhaps the most notable application of tree edit distance is in the analysis of RNA molecules in computational biology where the secondary structure of RNA is typically represented as a rooted tree. The best-known solution for tree edit distance runs in cubic time. Recently, Bringmann et al. show that an O(n2.99) algorithm for weighted tree edit... 

The application of reflector antenna configurations in designing the optical section of terahertz imaging systems has attracted great attention in recent years. The advantages of reflective optics in comparison with refractive optics is one of the main reasons for this trend. Specular reflection in a broad spectral range, no or little reflection and transmission loss, no chromatic aberration, and high reliability in high power applications configuration are just some of these advantages. In this paper, the optical performance of a modified off-axis aberrations-free Gregorian-based reflector antenna system is studied as an optical section of a terahertz imaging system. By applying a precise... 

An array of metallic posts sandwiched between two parallel metal plates supports highly-confined surface waves that can be regarded as spoof surface plasmons. This structure which is called the parallel-plate ladder waveguide (PPLWG) can be used for implementing THz guided-wave devices. In this paper, the effect of post shapes on waveguiding characteristics of PPLWG is analyzed and realization of certain devices such as couplers using the proposed structure is investigated  

In this paper, we report on a periodic metallo-dielectric structure that supports geometry-induced surface plasmons in the sub-terahertz regime. The proposed structure is made up of a dielectric-coated metallic grating sandwiched by parallel metal plates. Based on the modal analysis of 2D and 3D structures, the impact of a metal cladding and a customized dielectric coating on the dispersion relation and field distribution of the guided surface wave is investigated. It is found that modal field confinement is improved in the presence of a metal cladding without narrowing the operational bandwidth of the waveguide. Moreover, a customized subwavelength-sized dielectric coating based on... 

In this paper, we present a Gaussian to tophat beam shaper (GTBS) based on an all-dielectric metasurface lens for sub terahertz (sub-THz) applications. In order to calculate the required phase profile of the GTBS, we use an analytical procedure based on the geometrical transformation technique. The calculated phase profile is then realized by a silicon (Si) metasurface lens consisting of rectangular-shaped pillars of subwavelength dimensions. Because of large solution domain relative to the operation wavelength, we combined the beam envelope and the finite element methods to simulate the structure with a high precision. By designing an anti-reflection metasurface made up of periodically... 

In this paper, we report on the design, simulation and measurement of a flat-top beam shaper (FBS) lens for a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) antenna coupled source. The beam shaper is designed to transform the pseudo-Gaussian beam of the mm-wave source into a flat-top beam of sharp roll-off at a specific distance in the Fresnel region. Firstly, relying on the geometrical optics principles, we propose an analytical formulation for the design of lens profiles. Next, a simple optimization method based on the full-wave simulation of the lens and the mm-wave antenna is suggested to tune the analytically extracted lens profile. The optimized lens profile is then studied to assess its performance... 

In this paper, we report on a periodic metallo-dielectric structure that supports geometry-induced surface plasmons in the sub-terahertz regime. The proposed structure is made up of a dielectric-coated metallic grating sandwiched by parallel metal plates. Based on the modal analysis of 2D and 3D structures, the impact of a metal cladding and a customized dielectric coating on the dispersion relation and field distribution of the guided surface wave is investigated. It is found that modal field confinement is improved in the presence of a metal cladding without narrowing the operational bandwidth of the waveguide. Moreover, a customized subwavelength-sized dielectric coating based on... 

In this paper, we report on the design, simulation and measurement of a flat-top beam shaper (FBS) lens for a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) antenna coupled source. The beam shaper is designed to transform the pseudo-Gaussian beam of the mm-wave source into a flat-top beam of sharp roll-off at a specific distance in the Fresnel region. Firstly, relying on the geometrical optics principles, we propose an analytical formulation for the design of lens profiles. Next, a simple optimization method based on the full-wave simulation of the lens and the mm-wave antenna is suggested to tune the analytically extracted lens profile. The optimized lens profile is then studied to assess its performance... 

Dielectric gratings (DGs) have recently been introduced as a new platform for guiding dielectric-based geometrically-induced surface plasmons (SPs) called spoof SPs (SSPs). In this paper, we report on the modal analysis of a metal-clad DG waveguide and compare its performance with other counterparts including the dielectric image guide (IG) and the metal grating (MG) waveguide. The proposed DG waveguide is made up of a periodic array of high-resistivity silicon (HR-Si) pillars on a metal plate with a metal cladding at a proper distance above the structure. By modal analysis of 2D and 3D structures, we show that the presence of the metal cladding enhances the modal field confinement without... 

In this paper, we study the feasibility of incorporating the cross-polarized scattered wave in active standoff millimeter-wave imaging in order to improve the edge detection and background suppression for metallic objects. By analyzing the scattering from a perfectly conducting (PEC) patch of a simple geometrical shape we show that the edge diffraction is the major source of cross-polarized scattering. A similar scattering behavior is also observed for a PEC patch placed on a dielectric medium. Hence, the cross-polarized scattered field conveys valuable information about the edges of the object. In addition, the cross-polarized scattering can be utilized to resolve the object from an... 

This paper describes the concept and a sample design of a broadband loaded monopole antenna with a novel matching network integrated with the antenna body. The proposed monopole antenna is designed by loading three different lumped loads integrated on a wire antenna and a simple input matching network. Parameters of the matching circuits and the lumped loads optimized by using a genetic algorithm (GA). The proposed antenna loads and the matching network is integrated into the antenna body by the use of printed circuit technology making the antenna fabrication process easy. A prototype of the proposed 1.19-meter monopole antenna is fabricated and measured. The simulation and measurement... 

This study describes the concept and design of a low-cost super broadband dipole antenna with a passive matching network. The proposed dipole antenna is designed in three steps. First, a simple planar dipole antenna with six different loads and a balanced to unbalanced (Balun) transformer is designed by the genetic algorithm optimisation. The position and value of the loads are optimised to achieve an acceptable radiation pattern and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) over the desired frequency bandwidth. In the next step, the shape of the printed strip dipole antenna is optimised to improve the frequency response of the designed antenna. Finally, an LC network is added to the antenna feed... 

In this paper, we report on the design and analysis of filters and lenses realized by an array of metallic posts integrated in a parallel-plate waveguide (PPWG). The design methodology of these components is inferred from the modal analysis of a spoof surface plasmonic waveguide composed of metallic posts arranged in a 1D periodic structure inside PPWG. Samples of the proposed devices are analyzed using a full-wave analysis method and their performance is assessed. We show that the mentioned structure can be used to realize all-metallic band-pass filters and lenses for mm-wave and terahertz applications  

A novel approach for the design of wideband doubly curved shaped reflector antennas is introduced. By assuming a virtual aperture in front of the feed antenna and using a PObased near-field method, a fast and precise method for the design of doubly curved shaped reflector antennas is introduces. To prove the effectiveness of method, a 3-15 GHz prototype is fabricated and tested. © IEEE  

Installing smart meters to publish real-time electricity rates has been controversial while it might lead to privacy concerns. Dispatched rates include fine-grained data on aggregate electricity consumption in a zone and could potentially be used to infer a household's pattern of energy use or its occupancy. In this paper, we propose Blowfish privacy to protect the occupancy state of the houses connected to a smart grid. First, we introduce a Markov model of the relationship between electricity rate and electricity consumption. Next, we develop an algorithm that perturbs electricity rates before publishing them to ensure users' privacy. Last, the proposed algorithm is tested on data inspired...