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Development and Application of Pattern Recognition Methods Combined with FT-IR Spectroscopy and HPTLC Techniques to Detect the Type and Amount of Fraud in Iranian Saffron Sample
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Parastar, Hadi (Supervisor) ; Daraei, Bahram (Supervisor) ; Amir Ahmadi, Maryam (Co-Supervisor)
Abstract
Nowadays, with increasing concerns about health of food and its influence on human health,food authenticity has become a vital issue and a major challenge for consumers and regulatory agencies. It's especially remarkable about food with high nutritional and economical value. On the other hand, solving these challenges necessitates the use of fast and reliable techniques.Among the various foods, saffron is the main candidate for food adulteration due to its low production and high economic value and from this viewpoint it's in fourth place. Since the scope of fraud in this food is vast and also Iran is the major producer of saffron in the world,the present project has highlighted the...
Study of Supramolecular Chemistry of Fullerene (C60) with Azobenzene Tweezer Linking to Biaza-Crown Macrocycles Coordinated to Zinc Tetraphenylporphyrin
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this project, in continuation of a PhD resreach undertaken in this research group in 2017, the synthesis and study of two new tweezer and linker molecule bearing azobenzene moiety were carried out, characterized by applying IR spectroscopy, ¹H and ¹³C {¹H} NMR, fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X-ray crystallography. Firstly, interaction of T2 with meso-tetraphenylporphyrinato zinc(II) and aluminium tetraphenylporphyrinato were studied using the fluorescence spectroscopy. The formation constant of T2 in cis and trans isomer with ZnTPP was measured as 5.1(±0.4) ×108 and 2.0×108(±1074) dm6mol-2, respectively. The formation constant of T2 in with...
Classification of Semi-structured Documents
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Movaghar Rahimabadi, Ali (Supervisor)
Abstract
Semi-structured documents are a new type of textual documents which has gained a lot of attention nowadays to itself. A specific document modeling for boosting classifiers is needed more than ever which reflects major document specifications. The main goal of this thesis is presenting new adaptive model based on semi-structured documents features. We also aim to use some problem solving approaches such as Statistical approach, Machine Learning and few Algorithmic solutions. In some cases 10% precision optimization can be seen compare to the best approaches available nowadays
Analysis and Simulation Study of Energy Harvesting from Vortex shedding-induced Vibrations Using the Piezoelectric Materials
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Tabeshpour, Mohammad Reza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Nowadays, energy harvesting from the sea is developing for a variety of applications, including small-scale technologies for the production of small amounts of energy, including the use of low-speed currents to power ocean floor sensors. Ocean floor sensors are currently working with batteries. The cost of replacing or recharging these batteries is high, and the technology of these conventional batteries does not keep up with the rapid development of these sensors. Using new energy harvesting technologies has made the ocean current harvesting system as an adequate replacement for the batteries. According to operating principles, energy harvester can be broadly classified into three general...
A meta user interface for understandable and predictable interaction in AAL
, Article Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 2 August 2015 through 7 August 2015 ; Volume 9194 , July , 2015 , Pages 456-464 ; 03029743 (ISSN) ; 9783319209128 (ISBN) ; Nazari Shirehjin, A. A ; Daraei, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Verlag
2015
Abstract
The aim of this paper is the design and development of a novel user interface to interact with a meta system. Our focus is rather on interacting with Ambient Intelligence as a whole, which would for example enable users to influence the overall behavior and attributes of dynamic device compositions. We call such interfaces Meta User Interfaces. The design details of a proposed user interface as well as a cognitive walkthrough evaluation are presented in this paper
Towards interacting with smarter systems
, Article Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing ; Volume 9, Issue 1 , February , 2018 , Pages 187-209 ; 18685137 (ISSN) ; Nazari Shirehjini, A. A ; Daraei, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Verlag
2018
Abstract
The aim of this article is the requirement analysis, design, proof-of-concept implementation and user evaluation of a novel user interface that is specifically developed to support interaction with ambient intelligence systems. The focus of the user interface is rather on interacting with ambient intelligence, a meta system that comes into existence as the result of the coherent behavior and collective intelligence of interconnected smart devices and systems of a domain such as meeting rooms or smart homes. To design the user interface, we conducted an empirical user and task analysis and elaborated requirements, defining the scope of human interaction with ambient intelligence. The captured...
Synthesis of C60 and Endohedral Fullerenes in New Multi-Channel Arc Reactor Equipped with Horizontal Graphite Electrodes
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
One of the most common methods of producing fullerenes is electric arc vaporization of graphite. Due to the low yield and purity of the nanoparticles in this method, the synthesis and isolation of the area research is important. In this work, the production was improved in a multi-channel arc reactor in which having horizontal graphite electrodes. The influence of various operational parameters such as pressure of inert gas, spark time, interval time between two sparks, voltage and current were completely optimized. Moreover, the prominent advantage of the new reactor was increasing the number of manufacturing units, at least from one to three, which the production of fullerene was...
Comparative Study on [60]Fullerene and Cu(II) Complexation with O2N3-Azacrowns
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
The purpose of this project is to synthesis of O2N3-azacrown ligands with 17 to 21 membered ring and investigation of their interaction with C60 according to increase ring size. These macrocyclic ligands can be used in C60 purification. In this project, change in macrocyclic cavity for finding the best macrocycle with appropriate cavity to C60 size has been considered. Firstly, five O2N3-azacrown ligands were synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Interaction of these ligands were considered by electronic spectroscopy applying Benesi-Hildebrand equation. According to the results, it was found that the best macrocycle for formation of stable complex with...
(Synthesis and Comparative Study on Complexation of OxNy-Azacrown Macrocyclic Ligands with [60] Fullerene and Cu(II
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
In our previous work in this laboratory, macrocycle containingO_2 N_2 and O_2 N_3- donor set with various ring size were synthesized. The intraction of macrocyles with [60]fullerene were determined. In this research, we synthesized 22-membered aza-crown macrocycle ligand containing O_4 N_2- donor set and characterized by NMRspectroscopy. The intraction of macrocycle with [60]fullerene were also investigated by UV-Visible spectroscopy. The formation constant was determined applying Benesi--Hildebrand equation. The result has been showed that O_4 N_2 macrocyle had better complexation with [60]fullerene in comparision of O_2 N_3 and O_2 N_2 donor sets. Then, the interaction of O_4 N_2 with...
Synthesis and Electrochemical Study of Endohedral Fullerenes Prepared by Arc Vaporizing Method
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
Fullerenes are molecular solid materials which are composed of 3D closed shell carbon-only structure. As soon as mass production of fullerenes was performed, the synthesis and characterization of endohedral fullerenes having at least one non-carbon element in the hollow fullerene cage, was started (in which about 30 atoms inserted in it so far). Furthermore, because of low efficiency and purity of these nano-particles, nowadays characterization of fullerenes is one of the most important research fields. In this project, we firstly optimized the fullerene production parameters in an arc discharge reactor to reach convenient efficiency. Then, the synthesis of endohedral fullerene by vaporizing...
Extractive Summarization based Cognitive Science of Human Mind for Narrative Text
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Vazirnezhad, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this project, a summarization system, which works for narrative text, based on cognitive science has been designed. Its results due to its different approach have been satisfactory. Since summarization has a direct relationship with comprehension of text. This system has been designed based on situational model, a famous theory related to comprehension of text.According to this theory, as human read a text, they extract five features for comprehension of text. The features are temporality, place, causality, protagonists, and intentionality. The make a frame based on these features. Event- Indexing model pays attention to all of these features, so it has been used for the summarization...
Synthesis of Azacrown Macrocyclic Ligand with Pendant Arms and Study of Their Complexation with [60] Fullerene and Cu(II) Cation
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this research, four N2O2–azacrown macrocyclic ligands with naphthalene pendant arms (L1-L4) were synthesized using direct synthesis. The products were characterized applying 1H and 13C {1H} NMR spectroscopy, IR and Mass spectrometry. Interaction of these ligands with [60]fullerene and Cu(II) were monitored respectively by fluorescent as well as UV-vis spectroscopy and applying Benesi-Hildebrand equation. These intercations were compared with N2O2 macrocyclic ligands in previous experiments in terms of their calculated association constants (Ka). According to our results, the presence of naphthalene pendant arm groups led to increase the interaction with [60]fullerene compared to the...
Synthesis of Azacrown Ethers N2O2 Ligands Substituted on the Ullerene and Investigation of Its Coordination Properties
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
The goal of this project was study on coordination behavior of the 14-membered macrocyclic ligand of type N2O2 aza-crown while it is attached to fullerene C60 nano-particle. For this purpose, firstly the macrocyclic ligand (Fig 3-1, L1) was synthesized and then was reacted with C60 (Fig 3-1, L2) of which the product was characterized by elemental analysis. Since the product was insoluble in any solvents, further study on its coordination chemistry was impossible. In a second procedure, the macrocyclic ligand was reacted with benzylbromide. The reaction mixture gave two macrocyclic ligands with different number of benzylic pendant groups (Fig 3-1, L3-L4). The products were separated by column...
Study of NxOy Macrocycles Bearing Peripheral Functional Groups as Axial Ligands of Zinc Tetraphenylporphyrin
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this project, M2 macrocyclic ligand, bearing three pyridine side arms (3p) was synthesized and characterized by employing elemental analysis and 1H NMR, 13C NMR and IR methods. The interaction of 3p with zinc tetraphenylporphyrin was investigated, using fluorescence and UV-vis spectroscopy in solution phase. The observed quenching in the fluorescence spectrum alongside Q band shift in UV-vis spectrum indicate on the interaction of 3p with ZnTPP. The formation constant for these interactions in 1:1 ratio was calculated 10100 M-1, employing fluorescence method. The formation constant was calculated 630 M-1 for 1:2 ratio for 3p:ZnTPP. Having 1:2 ratio 3pZnTPP was also synthesized and...
Synthesis and Comparative Study on Complex Formation of Azo-bearing Nitrogen-Donor Macrocyclic Ligands with Fullerene C60 and Cu(II) Cation
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
In the present research, a series of bimacrocyclic tweezer anchored through azobenzene moiety were synthesized and characterized by applying IR spectroscopy, 1H and 13C{1H} NMR, fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis and in some cases by X-ray crystallography. Firstly, UV-visible spectroscopy established that the irradiation of the tweezers with UV light promoted the trans to cis isomerization. On the other hand, thermal cis-trans isomerization behavior of the azobenzene moiety in tweezers was surveyed in which the cis isomers were formed of the heating at 50 oC for 5 minutes. Where the -OH group was replaced with 4-toluenesulfonyl...
Synthesis of Aza-Crown Macrocyclic Ligand Appended with Side Arms and Study of their Coordination and Supramolecular Chemistry with Cu2+ and C60
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
In the present study, the coordination chemistry of an O4N4-tetrabenza-crown ether macrocyclic ligand L1 with M2+ (M= Cu, Cd, Hg, and Pb) was investigated by employing UV-visible, 1H-NMR spectroscopy in their solutions. According to the association constants calculated by 1H-NMR titrations, the complex formation stability for these closed shell cations was found in a series of Pb > Hg > Cd, leading to the larger cation, the better accommodation with L1. Moreover, the supramolecular interaction of L1 with fullerene C60 was also assessed by UV-visible spectroscopy. Meanwhile, the structure of [Cd(1)]2+ complex was determine by X-ray crystallographic method in their solid state. A square...
Synthesis and Study of Coordination and Supramolecular Chemistry of N2O4-Azacrown Macrocyclic Ligands with Cu(II) and [60]Fullerene
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
By considering previous experiments undertaken in our laboratory on OXNY (X=2,4 Y=2,3) azacrown complexes with [60]fullerene, it was found that factors such as the macroring size, type and number of the donor groups in these macrocyclic ligands had significant effects on their selectivity towards [60]fullerene complexation. In this research, 20 and 24-membered N2O4-azacrown macrocyclic ligands was synthesized and characterized applying 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR as well as CHN elemental analysis. Interaction of these ligands with [60]fullerene and Cu(II) were monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy and applying Benesi-Hildebrand equation. The association constants (Ka) values related to the...
Synthesis and Coordination Chemistry Study of NxO2 Aza-Crown Macrocycle Derivatives in Aqueous Solution
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this study, a water-soluble Aza-crown N2O2 ligand with a two-carboxylate side arm was synthesized and characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV-vis, fluorescence, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Unlike EDTA, this ligand is soluble in acidic solution. Fluorescence spectroscopy did not show significant selectivity except for calcium (and to some extent strontium) and copper cations. Due to the similarity of the aminocarboxylate groups with some chelating agents, the ability of this macrocyclic ligand as a scale inhibitor was investigated using the NACE-TM374 standard test method. In these tests, the new arm ligand showed significant protection against the presence of calcium sulfate....
Comparison of near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy based on chemometrics for saffron authentication and adulteration detection
, Article Food Chemistry ; Volume 344 , 2021 ; 03088146 (ISSN) ; Nikounezhad, N ; Amirahmadi, M ; Daraei, B ; Parastar, H ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2021
Abstract
In this work, the potential of near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy along with chemometrics was investigated for authentication and adulteration detection of Iranian saffron samples. First, authentication of one-hundred saffron samples was examined by principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed the NIR spectroscopy can better predict the origin of samples than the MIR. Next, partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was developed to detect four common plant-derived adulterants (i.e., saffron style, calendula, safflower, and rubia). In all cases, PLS-DA classification figures of merit in terms of sensitivity, specificity, error rate and accuracy were...
Synthesis of N2O2N Azacrown Macrocyclic Ligands and Comparative Study on the Complexation of Ligands with [60]Fullerene and Cu(II)
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)
Abstract
By considering previous experiments undertaken in our laboratory on O2Nx (x=2,3) azacrown complexes with [60]fullerene, it was found that factors such as the macroring size, type and number of the donors groups in these macrocyclic ligands had significant effects on their selectivity towards [60]fullerene complexation. In this research, three N2O2N–azacrown macrocyclic ligand having uniform distribution of nitrogen atoms in macroring was synthesized using direct synthesis and high dilution method. The products were characterized applying 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis. Interaction of these ligands with [60]fullerene and Cu(II) were monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy...