Sharif Digital Repository

One of the most important parts of bacteria growth is specific concentration of nutrients added. Although the trace amount of heavy metals are required for bacteria growth, after a threshold concentration they may cause damage or kill the bacteria. Scientifically speaking, all these trace nutrients should be consider as a profitable source of energy for bacteria growth. There are several studies throughout pondering whether the advantages of using heavy metals, such as Zn, outweigh the drawbacks. It has been proven that heavy metals, especially, zinc salt, can improve microbial growth up to a specific threshold concentration. In this study, two upward submerged aerated reactors, which had 12... 

As the Internet traffic grows, the energy efficiency gains more attention as a design factor for the planning and operation of telecommunication networks. Therefore, researchers begin to devise solutions for energy conservation in many scientific disciplines. In this thesis, we focus on the study of energy efficiency in optical transport networks, specially, the newly proposed Spectrum sLICed Elastic optical path (SLICE) networks architecture. First of all, we will introduce energy consuming elements in SLICE networks and their power consumption model. Next, we present a dynamic energy efficient routing and spectrum assignment algorithm (EE-RSA) with regenerator placement (RP) capability for... 

The purpose of this thesis is to design an appropriate controller of a flexible UAV using robust control theory. In the recent decades, researchers have studied the UAVs that were designed for high altitudes and endurances. The applications of these aircrafts can be refer to for missions such as, intelligence surveillances, reconnaissance and aerial surveys. In order to achieve the objectives, the light weight airplane construction and aerodynamic profile is an essential component. That’s why the wings with a high aspect ratio and flexibility are to be used. At first, the robust control, prerequisites, and different methods have been proposed. The next step is the introduction as unmanned... 

Optimizing and reducing energy consumption will be a feature of smart cities in the future. In addition to the technical aspects of a technology, one of the most important obstacles to its lack of development is not considering economic factors. Investigating the economics and calculating the cost of using IoT systems in the energy sectors of a smart city is one of the most important issues. Using existing systems in buildings or adding limited and inexpensive hardware to make a building smart can make smartening a cost-effective operation and more widespread. In this research, a proposed architecture based on edge processing is described. In addition to receiving and displaying camera... 

Ducted fan vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aerial vehicles have drawn many attentions in the world because of their capability to offer high power to weight ratio for a certain vehicle diameter relative to open rotors or helicopters. However, due to inherent uncertainties in dynamics and inefficient and poor quality responses, significant control challenges are still unsolved and exciting fields for research. In the current study, a nonlinear dynamic model is proposed for the controller design purpose. This model is validated against simulation by performing several standard scenarios. An adaptive control method, named model reference (MRAC), is utilized to design a perfect controller... 

In this thesis we want to discuss about a new approach about information. Using this approach, Scott Muller builds his formalism on two basic concepts: distinguishablity and symmetry. His claim is that there is an inverse relation between symmetry and information. It means that if we have a symmetric system we need less information (Than an asymmetric system) to describe it. Here, we are going to explore the role and significance of symmetry in probabilistic distributions of the double-slit experiment, and we want to show if there is a predetermined relation between symmetry and information or not.
 

In this work, A new hybrid approach is presented to optimize a trajectory of Micromechanical Flying Insect in an obstacle reach environment. Here, a singleobjective Evolutionary Algorithm is utilize for finding solutions corresponding to multiple conflicting goals, which include minimizing the length of the path while maximizing safety margin by avoiding hard and non-moving obstacles. On the other hand, dynamic constraints of Micromechanical Insect such as maximum and minimum attitude angles and speed should be taken into account. In order to reduce the computational cost, a novel hybrid two-layer procedure is suggested for trajectory optimization. In the first layer, the algorithm generates... 

Identification of dynamic behavior and extraction of mathematical model for aerial vehicle is important in design, test and evaluation processes. Due to explosion of unmanned vehicles industry in recent years, many innovative aerial concepts is introduced. Coanda-effect air vehicle is one of these novel ideas which is similar to flying saucers. In this study, an experimental scale model of this air vehicle is designed, built and tested with purpose of identifying the linear dynamic model of the vehicle, using the frequency domain identification methods. Performing the system Identification in hover requires a stable hovering capability in the vehicle. Given the inherent instabilities of... 

Undoubtedly, the concept of information has an outstanding role in our description of physical systems and biological processes. In the framework of pragmatic approach, information is a useful notion through which any physical event gets its significance. In this approach, information can be understood and recognized while it is capable of producing new information. Thus, the meaning of information depends on our recognition and understanding as conscious beings. Accordingly, the following question may arise: where is the role of conscious being in the emergence of physical properties in Nature? To answer this fundamental question, we first investigate how information enters the physics, in... 

In this study the concept of the origin of life, as an important question, is investigated and reviewed.Then the possibility of the beginning of life from an extraterrestrial origin is studied via spectroscopy methods to analyze the role of the cosmic waves.Moreover, by considering the similarity between the chirality of the essential amino acids and extraterrestrial amino acids, found in meteors the various methods for studying the structure of molecules, as well as the possibility of the transfer of the central elements of life from space to the earth are reviewed in details.Finally, we suggest how chirality might be emerged due to the interaction of the molecule with the environment,... 

Although quantum mechanics has thrilled a multitude of successes since its birth, it has also generated puzzles that persist to this day. These puzzles are largely connected with the role of measurement in quantum mechanics. Therefore, we are dealing with individual phenomena and that our possibilities of handling the measuring instruments allow us only to make a choice between the different complementary types of phenomena. Within the framework of delayed-choice experiments, the choice between complementary types of phenomena is postponed to the moments after the preparation of system is a superposition state. Regarding the probability theory, we have concluded that the delayed-choice... 

The formation flight of satellites corresponds to a group of small satellites, performing the mission of a presumed larger and more expensive satellite. Usually mission designers tend to put these satellites in such orbital configurations that their trajectories do not intersect. Although a stable configuration in a certain collision-free orbit is desirable for long term purposes, most of the missions including maneuvers like forming or changing a configuration and inserting new satellites need to be planned using a proper path planning algorithm. In this thesis, a path planning algorithm is suggested that acquires the optimal and impact-free trajectories for a group of satellites for...