Sharif Digital Repository

In this work, we have simulated graphene nanoribbon based photodetector and impact of changing the width, and Boron-Nitride doping and Stone-Wales defects on the optical properties of GNR has study. The energy band structure of GNR with nearest-neighbor approximation in a tight binding model calculated. To correspond with experiment and accuracy, we need to consider the impact of third nearest neighbors and edge bond relaxation. By Using the band structure, we calculated joint density of state and optical matrix elements and obtain inter band selection rule for A-GNR and Z-GNR. Then, using the Fermi’s golden rule, we investigate optical properties of GNR such as optical conductivity and... 

In this study, some properties of metallochlorophylls - compounds produced by replacing Mg2+ in tetrapyrrolic ring of chlorophyll b with divalent ions – of the forth period transit elements of the periodic table have been investigated. Using DFT/B3LYP method and DGDZVP basis set, structures of these compounds were optimized and the energy of electronic levels, Gibbs free energy of formation of complex, contribution of atomic orbitals to formation of molecular orbitals and partial charges in these molecules were computed. The results show that some properties of these complexes cannot be justified by the common theories of complexes. Among these properties is the negligible effect of... 

There are several methods for measuring thin film thickness, however, for the analysis of liquid film motors [1] we need a method which is capable of measuring the thickness using a single image of the film. In this work, we use the colors that appear on thin films, such as soup bubbles, which is a result of light interference to calculate the thickness of the layer  

One of the most elusive problems in quantum mechanics is the transition between classical and quantum physics. This problem can be traced back to the Schrodinger's cat. A key element that lies at the center of this problem is the lack of a clear understanding and characterization of macroscopic quantum states. Our understanding of Macroscopic Quantumness relies on states such as the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ) or the NOON state. Here we take a first principle approach to this problem. We start from coherence as the key quantity that captures the notion of quantumness and demand the quantumness to be collective and macroscopic. To this end, we introduce macroscopic coherence which is the... 

With confidence in the recorded observations, the RLS method no longer estimates the recorded measurements by sensors, i.e. the displacement and speed of the floors, and only estimates the parameters. In contrast, in the EKF method, in addition to estimating the structure's parameters, a more precise estimation of the observations recorded by the sensors has been done by accepting the noise in the recorded observations. These methods, which are based on the Bayesian updating, investigate the two primary sources of uncertainty in a problem: a) measurement noise or observation noise, and b) process noise, which includes modeling errors. In these methodologies, the unknown system parameters,... 

Due to underlying dynamic factors, many bioprocesses operate in semi-batch or batch processes without fixed points of operation. As a result, linear model-based control is not straightforward for these processes. Additionally, optimal policy design and successful control of constrained systems depend on having an appropriate dynamic model within the process scope. In bioprocessing, synthesizing and controlling such dynamic models presents numerous challenges, as most relationships are quasi-monod and involve parameter estimation from nonlinear reactor data. One approach to addressing this issue is using black box models like neural networks. However, employing purely artificial neural... 

Entanglement is one of the key resources of quantum information science which makes identification of entangled states essential to a wide range of quantum technologies and phenomena.This problem is however both computationally and experimentally challenging.Here we use autoencoder neural networks to find semi-optimal measurements for detection of entangled states. We show that it is possible to find high-performance entanglement detectors with as few as three measurements. Also, with the complete information of the state, we develop a neural network that can identify all two-qubits entangled states almost perfectly.This result paves the way for automatic development of efficient... 

The vortex tube is a simple device that injects compressed gas (air) tangentially into the vortex chamber through one or more injection nozzles. After entering, the flow becomes rotational and an axial cold flow goes towards the cold outlet and a peripheral hot flow goes towards the hot outlet. Besides all the different applications of the vortex tube, the main application of this device is cooling. Here, the goal is to optimize the geometry and physical conditions to improve the performance, which is done by using a commercial software and numerical analysis of a vortex tube to understand the flow physics and optimization. In this research, we use experimental and numerical data for... 

Increasing in social communication via electronic ways has been made social network analysis of these communications more important each day. One of the most important aspects in social network analysis is community detection in such networks. There are many different ways to extract communities from social graph structure which in some of them the content of communication between actors has been noticed in community extraction algorithm. In this thesis after a short survey over advantages and disadvantages of existing methods for community detection, a new method for extracting communities from social networks has been suggested which in addition to streaming property of data it spot the... 

Quantum Information Processing (QIP) is one of the active areas of research in both theoretical and experimental physics. Any experimental technique that is used for a scalable implementation of QIP must satisfy DiVincenzo’s criteria [17]. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) satisfies many of these conditions, but it is not scalable and cannot initialize the qubits to pure state [28]. NMR can be a great platform for studying the fundamentals of QIP. In this project, for a two­qubit system, we prepare pseudo pure states from the initial mixed states by using unitary operations and implement CNOT gates. According to the results of our experiments, we can apply all the gates with high fidelity.... 

The importance of using a fast and automatic method to classify variable stars for large amounts of data is undeniable. There have been many attempts for classifying variable stars by traditional algorithms, which require long pre-processing time. In recent years, neural networks as classifiers have come to notice. This thesis proposes the Hierarchical Classification technique, which contains several models with the same network structure. Our pre-processing method produces input data by using light curves and the period. We use OGLE-IV variable stars database to train and test the performance of Convolutional Neural Networks based on the Hierarchical Classification technique. We see that... 

In this thesis, we attempt to construct a model that can predict whether someone will retweet a tweet. For this purpose, we construct a machine learning model and we use Twitter’s network features as our model’s input. We collect about 1300 random tweets and their retweets to make retweet cascades. By collecting or calculating users’ features in each retweet cascade, we construct our desired input data for our model. We test both random forest and neural networks as our machine learning section of the model. Random forest is the most accurate of the two models, predicting retweet actions with an accuracy of 0.89. Additionally, we find out that two features of the network have the greatest... 

Studying the performance of flow meters is of great importance in order to improve their quality. In this study, we are looking for an optimal design for a turbine flow meter in which the measurement accuracy, pressure drop and response speed indices are improved. For this purpose, a turbine flow meter with a diameter of 2 inches has been selected and its performance has been numerically modeled using computational fluid dynamics in a steady and transient state. By modeling the steady state, the measurement accuracy and pressure drop indices are obtained, and by modeling the transient state, the response time of the flow meter is obtained. In order to increase the accuracy of numerical...