Sharif Digital Repository

Technology is changing the travel behavior of people around the world. Automated vehicles offer new solutions to some of the problems in transportation. This technology can improve traffic safety, land use development, traffic quality, and fuel consumption. Nevertheless, these solutions can be applied, only if Automated Vehicles are accepted and used by people. Due to a lack of mass production in the industry yet, automated vehicles’ adoption and market share are not yet determined and therefore certain to happen. This study surveyed 334 Iranian truck drivers in October 2019 to examine their opinions of heavy-automated vehicles (i.e. automated trucks), the factors and variables that affect... 

Nonstop growth of environmental concerns regarding ordinary vehicles detrimental effects have led to increasing use of Electrical Vehicles which require more researches in different fields of study. The main purpose of this study is solving the problem of Electrical Vehicles' traffic assignment considering recharging time as a function of amount of charge. Existing EVs have limited driving range, and these cars' drivers usually have to spend a considerable amount of time on recharging in order to complete a path. As a result, their corresponding optimum route choice differs from that of gasoline-based vehicles' drivers. In more detail, this study proposes an algorithm to solve the shortest... 

Shipment of hazardous materials has got an important role in the world of today. Nowadays, sustainable development has got serious attention, and human health and environment are one of the sustainable development bases. The risk of hazardous materials for human health and environment, and also importance of this kind of materials in the industrial economy, make necessity of programming for shipment of hazardous materials more serious. This thesis, presents an optimiziation model for routing and scheduling for shipment of hazardous materials. This model is a multi criteria time varing mixed integer programming (MIP). The presented model, finds the optimal routs and scheduling of movement... 

Cordon pricing is one of the methods for charging transportation network. In a cordon based pricing scheme, users who want to drive into the congested area of city and pass some special links which form the cordon, have to pay toll. The most important things in this method of pricing are finding the appropriate links which can shape the cordon and determining the tool level. This study, investigates an algorithm to find the optimal cordon location and toll level simultaneously in order to maximize social welfare. At first, assuming that cordon location is fixed and links that form the cordon are identified, a golden section method has been proposed for finding the optimal toll level. Then,... 

The toll pricing problem has been investigated in the literature for the cases of link, cordon, and facility (bridge, tunnel and etc.) pricing. Taking advantages of new technologies, nowadays it is possible to track the path of individual vehicles and collect the tolls by means of electronic devices. In this regard, we concerned the problem of path pricing. In this thesis, a variety of models for path pricing is proposed, the models are solved for the Hearn network and the results are compared to the results of link pricing models. In addition to the models, one exact solution method and two heuristic methods are proposed for the model of path pricing with the minimum total toll.... 

Accurate and realistic forecasts of traffic pattern in the networks can affect many decisions of urban transportation planning. In recent years, traffic assignment (TA) using stochastic models have received more attention by researchers of this field. Stochastic approach of route choice modeling using random utility theory has specifically developed to relax restrictive assumptions of traditional deterministic model and to address randomness nature of travelerʼs behavior. Together with development of discrete choice theory, more advanced models have been utilized to better represent route choice behavior. Although there have been considerable researches in the context of stochastic traffic... 

Traffic congestion is one of the most important issues facing modern societies that causes many impacts such as environmental pollutions and waste of physical and spiritual energies. One of the traffic congestion mitigation strategies is network management, which encompasses a diverse range of tools. Efficient management of urban transportation network requires the transportation network information. Traffic equilibrium in the transportation network is one of the fundamental information that is required for most of network management tools. In this study, a multi-modal traffic assignment model with complementarity structure is proposed that can determine the multi-modal traffic equilibrium... 

Wardrop’s first principle for defining the equilibrium flow in transportation networks is one of the mostly accepted assumptions in traffic assignment models. Optimization Models, Variational Inequalities, and Complementarity Equations are among the known models based on this assumption. In these models with the assumption of unlimited capacity for the network’s arcs and use of nonlinear cost functions, the constraint of arc capacity is considered implicitly. Another approach is to consider the arc capacity, explicitly. In recent decade this approach was the subject of some researches. In this thesis, these researches will be discussed. Then, researches about explicit consideration of the... 

Signal coordination is one of the strategies to decrease the delay times in transportation networks. The application of dynamic traffic assignment has been made possible the modeling of flow loading in network links, and queue formation and dissipation in signalized intersections. In this thesis, signal offset set which produce the minimum total travel time in a network is determined, using a cell-based dynamic traffic assignment which is based on the cell transmission model. Genetic algorithm has been implemented to reach the suboptimal offset set. The application of the algorithm on a small test network shows that it can reach to an offset set with 1% error to the optimal offset set, by... 

Nowadays the increasing congestion in transportation networks has made the managerial methods for controlling the congestion more important. Cordon pricing is one of the managerial means for reducing congestion. Therefore, accurate modeling methods that are consistent with reality and efficient traffic assignment algorithms play important roles in solving this problem. In this research several multiclass traffic assignment algorithms were examined and simultaneous complementarity algorithm was recognized to be able to yield equilibrium solution faster than other algorithms examined in this study. The aim of this thesis was also to analyze the effects of cordon pricing on networks with... 

Battery Electric vehicles (BEVs) are turning into a more well known type of transportation because of their energy effectiveness, further sustainability, and the arrangement of government support through motivation programs. However, BEVs have a constrained driving range due to their limited battery capacity. This limited battery capacity leads to a fear of exhausting energy in the middle of route which is referred to as range anxiety. The range anxiety affects BEV users’ travel choices such as route choice. Hence, BEV users should consider their vehicles’ remaining range while trying to minimize their travel times. This concern consequently changes the equilibrium flow on the transportation... 

Limited oil resources, increasing rate of oil consumption, and environmental concerns related to burning fossil fuels promote the use of alternative fuel vehicles. Electric vehicles are common among alternative fuel vehicles which decrease greenhouse gases emission and fossil fuel dependence. To increase electric vehicle market share, some challenges need to be overcome including range anxiety. Limited driving range is one of the main challenges for battery-powered electric vehicles. The distance limit inevitably changes electric vehicle drivers’ travel behavior. Given the scarcity of charging stations, consumers perceive this driving range limit to be a potential worry. Therefore,... 

Inappropriate use of the transportation networks is one of the causes of network congestion. Toll pricing is one of the traffic management tools to mitigate delay and congestion by guiding traffic flow to proper time and route. Efficient use of network facilities is one of transportation planners’ goal and highways are one of the most important facilities in a transportation network. In this study, we investigate the highway toll pricing problem in order to reduce total travel time for the users. We introduce four different strategies to collect toll from highway users. Direct solution methods for large networks faced with the problem of solving time. In this regard, some heuristics methods... 

One of the problems presently facing the world’s major cities is transportation network congestion. Managing transportation system with costs far less than construction or expansion of the network is one general approach to reduce traffic congestion. In this context, conversion of some regular lanes to special lanes for High Occupancy Vehicles (HOV) and studying the effectiveness of this management policy is a matter of importance. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of HOV lanes on network traffic and travel demand. For this purpose several networks with two classes of vehicles are used that have been modeled as a linear complementarity problem. The effectiveness of this...