Sharif Digital Repository

University (Educational) buildings comprise a considerable contribution of commercial buildings energy consumption. Optimizing operational measures are widely suggested for energy saving in university buildings. Hence, in this study, a bi-level energy-efficient occupancy profile optimization method using a metaheuristic algorithm, integrated with a demand-driven control strategy adjusted with dynamic set-point temperature is proposed to optimize the energy consumption within in a university departmental building. To proceed with the proposed energy saving strategies; first, building's thermal behavior and AHU system performance are identified and modeled through Artificial Neural Networks... 

A new method for the analysis of electron transmission property in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) using Green's function is presented in this paper for the first time. Using the proposed method, a new relation for the transmission function through a deformed SWCNT is obtained, which depends on the energy variations and the coupling matrices related to the mechanical deformations applied to the structure of CNT. The obtained new relation is explained by the presented results in the literature  

Synthesis and characterization of metal dithiocarbamate complexes of N 1 ,N 3 -dicinnamylpropane-1,3-diamine, N 1 ,N 4 -dicinnamylbutane-1,4-diamine and N 1 ,N 6 -dicinnamylhexane-1,6-diamine are reported. The ligands are prepared using cinnamaldehyde and primary diamines to provide the corresponding diimines, followed by reduction with NaBH 4 to afford the corresponding secondary diamines. Diamines react with carbon disulfide in basic medium to furnish the corresponding bis(dithiocarbamate) salts, which underwent complexation with metals. The prepared complexes were characterized by IR, 1 H and 13 C NMR, TGA and elemental analyses. Although the dinuclear metal dithiocarbamate macrocyclic... 

In this paper, different models of gain enhanced amplifier are compared and the most accurate one is chosen. Based on this model, complete symbolic small signal analysis is performed and a design procedure leading to high speed gain boosted amplifier is presented  

Aim: The aim of this study was to search for metabolic biomarkers of Crohn's disease (CD). Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that causes a wide variety of symptoms. CD can influence any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus. CD is not easily diagnosed because monitoring tools are currently insufficient. Thus, the discovery of proper methods is needed for early diagnosis of CD. Patients and methods: We utilized metabolic profiling using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HNMR) to find the metabolites in serum. Classification of CD and healthy subject was done using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA).... 

The effect of bulging of domain wall (DW) on the magnetoresistance (MR) is investigated. With taking into account the auto-correlation between the points of the interface, one can formulate the mobility within the relaxation time approximation scheme. The results show that the bulging of DW, evaluated with the commonly accepted magnetic parameters for typical ferromagnetic materials of Co, Fe and Ni, has a countable role into the MR  

This paper presents a new method for eye detection in a sequence of video pictures. We first find the face region using the features of skin's color, then the location of eye is determined by applying three cues on the detected face region. The first cue is the eye intensity and color, because the intensity of each eye region is relatively low and its color differs from the color of surrounding skin. The second cue is based on the position and size of eyes. The third cue is based on the convolution of proposed-eye-variance-filter with the eye-window candidates. After finding the precise location of eye, it will be tracked in a finite search window. We have evaluated and tested the presented... 

Aim: This study evaluated serum levels of zinc in patient with CD compare to healthy subjects. Background: Celiac disease (CD) is characterized by small intestinal malabsorption of nutrients as a consequence of ingestion of wheat gluten. Zinc is an essential trace element that it has vital biological functions. Patients and methods: Sera of 30 celiac cases and 30 healthy normal cohorts as control group were obtained. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was employed for estimating serum zinc level. Results: Zinc concentrations in patients diagnosed with CD were significantly lower than healthy subjects (75.97±12 compared with 92.83±18, P-value < 0.0001). Conclusion: The result of this study... 

This research has modelled a queuing system with no standard states. In order to analyse these systems, some parameters such as the mean of waiting time and the length of queue are computed. These situations usually occur when there is delay in the service, for example, in the gas queuing system that cars are unable to leave after receiving the required services due to the presence of other cars in front of them. These kinds of non-standard queuing systems are usually applied to the assembly and production lines. In this paper, a queuing model for the special non-standard state queuing system is developed to be used in gas stations. The proposed model is implemented in fuel stations in Iran... 

In the present work, N-rich activated carbon was synthesized using hydrothermal carbonization of egg white biomass in the presence of sucrose, followed by chemical activation and magnetization of hydrochar in the presence of iron (II) and (III) at NaOH solution. The results showed that the sucrose has a critical role in hydrochar yield by increasing of sucrose content. This claim also proved by SEM analysis, which hydrochar morphology was changed from the layered to fused carbon spheres morphology that confirmed the increasing of nucleation site. The materials were characterized with VSM, SEM, CHN, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and XRD techniques. Capacity of prepared magnetic activated carbon... 

Metabolomics is a powerful technique for determination of biomarkers. Here, we aimed to determine discriminatory metabolomic profiles in different stages of sulfur mustard-exposed patients (SMEPs). Materials and methods: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze serum samples from 17 SMEPs (normal group patients) and 17 SMEPs (severe group patients). Multivariate statistical analysis using random forest (RF) was performed on a ‘training set’ (70% of the total sample) in order to produce a discriminatory model classifying two groups of patients, and the model tested in the remaining subjects. Results: A classification model was derived using data from the training set with... 

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a vesication chemical warfare agent for which there is currently no antidote. Despite years of research, there is no common consensus about the pathophysiological basis of chronic pulmonary disease caused by this chemical warfare agent. In this study, we combined chemometric techniques with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to explore the metabolic profile of sera from SM-exposed patients. A total of 29 serum samples obtained from 17 SM-injured patients, and 12 healthy controls were analyzed by Random Forest. Increased concentrations of seven amino acids, glycerol, dimethylamine, ketone bodies, lactate, acetate, citrulline and creatine together with the... 

In some industries such as the consumable product industry because of small differences between products made by various companies, customer loyalty is directly related to the availability of products required at that time. In other words, in such industries demand cannot be backlogged but can be totally or partly lost. So companies of this group use make-to-stock (MTS) production policy. Therefore, in these supply chains, final product warehouses play a very important role, which will be highlighted by considering the demand uncertainty as it happens in real world, especially in the consumable product industries in which demand easily varies according to the customer's taste variation,... 

The iterated perturbation theory (IPT) equations of the dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) for the half-filled Hubbard model are solved on nearly real frequencies at various values of the Hubbard parameters, U, to investigate the nature of metal-insulator transition (MIT) at finite temperatures. This method avoids the instabilities associated with the infamous Padé analytic continuation and reveals fine structures across the MIT at finite temperatures, which cannot be captured by conventional methods for solving DMFT-IPT equations on Matsubara frequencies. Our method suggests that at finite temperatures, there is a crossover from a bad metal to a bad insulator in which the height of the... 

Scaled model test in towing tank is a common method to predict the ship resistance in calm water. The scale effects are dominant in these tests because the Reynolds and Froude numbers of the model and full-scale ship cannot be equal. There is a sufficient amount of knowledge about the displacement hulls which have limited speed ranges in most cases. However, scarcity of published data on high-speed crafts is noticed. The influence of the model length on ship resistance varies in different speeds, so it should be studied in more detail. The extrapolation method of model ship resistance to full scale is studied in this paper for high-speed monohulls. Resistance model tests of semi-displacement... 

This study is dedicated to order penetration point (OPP) strategic decision making which is the boundary between make-to-order (MTO) and make-to-stock (MTS) policies. A multiproduct multiechelon production supply chain is considered where the first production stage manufactures semifinished products based on an MTS policy to supply the second production stage which operates on the MTO policy. The producer desires to find the optimal fraction of processing time fulfilled by supplier and optimal semifinished products buffer capacity in OPP. To calculate system performance indexes, the matrix geometric method is employed. Afterward, optimal solutions are obtained by enumeration and direct... 

Speed and price are the two most important factors in customer satisfaction and business success in today's competitive environment. Time-based product differentiation and segment pricing have provided firms with a great opportunity to profit enhancement. This paper presents a coding system for pricing/queuing models in the literature. In this article, a service/make-to-order firm with heterogeneous price and delivery time-sensitive customers as an M/M/1 queuing system is analyzed. The firm uses customers' heterogeneity to create market segments. Products offered to each segment differ only in price and delivery time. The objective of this profit-maximizing firm is to determine optimal... 

The vast nationwide COVID-19 vaccination programs are implemented in many countries worldwide. Mass vaccination is causing a rapid increase in infectious and non-infectious vaccine wastes, potentially posing a severe threat if there is no well-organized management plan. This paper develops a mixed-integer mathematical programming model to design a COVID-19 vaccine waste reverse supply chain (CVWRSC) for the first time. The presented problem is based on minimizing the system's total cost and carbon emission. The uncertainty in the tendency rate of vaccination is considered, and a robust optimization approach is used to deal with it, where an interactive fuzzy approach converts the model into... 

Optimal probabilistic neural network-based method has been porposed in this paper to identify different types of fault in high voltage direct current (HVDC) system. Probabilistic neural network is a type of artificial neural networks capable of approximating the optimal classifier. The particle swarm optimization is porposed to achive an optimal value of smoothing factor for PNN which is an important parameter. The main purpose of this paper is fast and accurate fault classification, for this purpose simple HVDC system has been evaluated under various fault type condition to examine the efficacy of the proposed method. The performance of the proposed method is investigated using... 

The objective of economic dispatch (ED) problem is minimizing the operating cost and finding the point where the total output of the generations equals the total power that must be delivered. In that point the incremental cost of power generation is also equal for all generators. Considering the presence of uncertainty and inaccuracy in the data, fuzzy set theory is an appropriate method to solve the economic dispatch problems. In this paper, a modified fuzzy economic dispatch is formulated to solve the problem under the competitive electricity market uncertainties. Also, available spinning reserve is optimally allocated to market participants. The formulated optimization problem it then...