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Historically, the general target of affecting demand via voltage regulation was conservation, i.e., reducing peak demand and/or accumulated energy. In private environments however, profit maximization may take place of conservation, regardless of the social welfare and consumers' costs. This letter aims at highlighting the effectiveness of voltage regulation as a measure to maximize utilities' profit. The new strategy can indeliberately cause more payments for customers. The letter simulates different cases which reveal importance of the role regulatory bodies have to play to prevent unethical actions in private environments. IEEE  

This study explores the utilization of a fuzzy wavelet neural network for identifying the dynamic behavior of a time periodic flapping wing system. Additionally, we propose a combination of adaptive sliding mode learning algorithm and genetic algorithm to effectively adjust the network parameters. The identification process specifically focuses on the longitudinal mode and involves three inputs and three outputs. To generate the necessary input and output data for the network, we have developed a simulation platform using MATLAB software. The accuracy of the data has been validated through comparison with ADAMS simulations. Moreover, we have ensured the stability of the learning algorithm by... 

Distribution networks are designed in loop structure, while they are operated as radial networks. In this regard, the location of normally open (NO) switches is usually determined by either minimizing real power losses or maximizing the reliability level. However, considering both losses and reliability in the decision making procedure may lead to a better solution. To do so, this paper proposes a mathematical model to find the optimal configuration of NO switches such that losses and reliability are optimized. The multi-objective model is scrutinized via weighted sum approach to achieve a single-objective model. The model is formulated in mixed integer quadratically constrained programming... 

The standard power flow (PF) equations are nonlinear, and their integration in the optimal PF (OPF) problem leads to a nonconvex hard-to-solve model. To attack the issue, this paper presents a linear PF model wherein real and imaginary parts of nodal voltages are variables. In the model, loads are interpreted via ZIP model including constant impedance, constant current, and constant power components. To preserve linearity of the model, the complex power is represented via a quadratic function of the hosting node voltage. The function coefficients are derived via curve fitting approaches. Since the model is linear, its solution does not need repetition and can be effectively integrated in the... 

Nowadays communication and monitoring systems play an important role in power systems security. However, these systems are exposed to bad data injection through attackers. This paper is aimed to propose a priority order list of attacked buses in order to be fully informed about the attacker decision. To do so, system security is evaluated through two well-known risk indices including under voltage risk index and overloading risk index. A genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to determine the most severe attack for each of the security indices. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model are scrutinized through simulations on the IEEE 30-bus network. The paper reveals that knowing the... 

Self-Compacting concrete (SCC) is identified as a high performance concrete with the ability of self compaction, using its own weight without any external vibration. SCC is able to fill congested area and voids, even in highly reinforced concrete members whilst it flows without segregation. The fresh properties of SCC such as workability can be determined using different tests including slump-flow, J ring, V-funnel, U box, L box, GTM and column technique. In this paper the effect of different amount of cementitious material, silica fume and W/C ratios on workability and compressive strength of SCC are investigated. The results indicate that the workability of mixtures is reduced by... 

In this paper, an adaptive FE analysis is presented based on error estimation, adaptive mesh refinement and data transfer for enriched plasticity continua in the modelling of strain localization. As the classical continuum models suffer from pathological mesh-dependence in the strain softening models, the governing equations are regularized by adding rotational degrees-of-freedom to the conventional degrees-of-freedom. Adaptive strategy using element elongation is applied to compute the distribution of required element size using the estimated error distribution. Once a new mesh is generated, state variables and history-dependent variables are mapped from the old finite element mesh to the...