Sharif Digital Repository

In this thesis we have investigated and improved the signal processing techniques which are used for monitoring the heart abnormalities in terms of ECG (ElectroCardioGram) signals in order to detect heart attacks before they occur. De-noising ECG signals are one of the most important research topics in computer and electrical engineering fields. There are many different algorithms for de-noising signals in various domains. It usually is needed to propose a suitable algorithm for each specific system. In some cases instead of developing a new algorithm, we could modify the available ones for de-noising in our system. ECG signals are output from an electrocardiograph which measures electrical... 

Developing of space technology requires a realization of deep space scientific missions such as Mars exploration. NASA enterprises have outlined scientific challenges for success and reliable transfer of data for new design and version of space network architecture.These communications requires high bit rate for autonomous operations and also have several different limitations. These type of communications set as a network that is called IPN. One of the important challenges in IPN is reliability. As regard there are difference challenge in space communication that TCP is not capable to address Long propagation delay, asymmetric bandwidth and etc. Therefore we require new protocols that will... 

The increasing demand for energy forced to production of oil as one of the main sources of energy. Along with the increase in oil production, the proportion of water produced with oil is increasing relative to the oil produced. On the other hand, environmental restrictions for the discharge of industrial effluents into the environment are becoming more and more stringent every day. Before discharging the effluent into the environment, petroleum must be removed. The complexity of these issues demonstrates the need to develop new technologies and improve the efficiency of existing technologies. Gas flotation are among the technologies adopted in the field that have been used throughout the... 

Due to their low volatility, negligible flammability, and high regeneration capacity, ionic liquids have attracted a lot of attention in chemical and process engineering fields. Regarding the limited access to the laboratory facilities, developing theoretical methods such as equations of state is important in this research field. Thus, data for density and viscosity of pure ionic liquids and vapor pressure data for binary mixtures of ionic liquids and acidic gas have been collected and validated from the IL Thermo website for 42 ionic liquids. By consideration of theoretical studies and comparison of the performance of different cubic equations of state in predicting the aforementioned... 

Cable stayed bridges have been used extensively in recent years for long span bridges up to 1000m. Although seismic behavior of these bridges has been researched in the last decade, however, the effect of vertical component of earthquake on cable-stayed bridges has not been studied before. In this thesis, the geometric nonlinear static analyses on dead loads followed by linear direct integration dynamic analyses have been used to study this effect. The results of analyses with three-component earthquakes are compared with two-component earthquakes. Fourteen models of cable-stayed bridges with different main span length, shape of pylons and the deck-pylon connection are employed. The errors... 

With considering the existence of carbonyl sulfide in natural gas and crude oil, we need to study the absorption of this gas in aqueous alkanolamine solutions. In this project the solubility of carbonyl sulfide in different pressures and two temperatures of 313.15 and 348.06 K have been measured.The absoption of carbonyl sulfide in aqueous alkanolamine solutions is a very slow process. In this study we used different methods for measuring the required data. Befor the experiments we calibrated the set up with reliable data. Finaly the results simulated with Deshmakh-Mather thermodynamic model, numerically. The simulation results show a good agreement with experimental data  

Inrecent years,research onionic liquidsarehighly developed. Because ofthe uniqueproperties ofionic liquidssuch asnegligiblevapor pressureandthermalstability for use inlarge areasofmajor industries have been considered.However,ionic liquids because they have lessenvironmental wasteas an alternative to convention alorganic solventssuch asaminesalkanolanarise.Ionic liquid sassolventsfor theremoval ofacid gases such as water and gasare investigated. The solubility of CO2 and H2S in the [Emim] [OTF] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate) in the temperature range 303.15 to 343.15 K and pressures up to 2 MPa has been studied experimentally. In order to capture modeling, the model equations of state... 

Ionic liquids (IL's) are found to be potentially suitable solvents for the chemical process industry, especially due to their negligible vapor pressure which can result in a major decrease of solvent loss and the environmental harm. One of the foreseeable industrial applications in the field of natural gas processing is the replacement of traditional organic solvents (usually alkanol amines) presently used for the absorption of H2S from sour gases, by suitable IL's. Ionic liquids have been proposed for the separation of gas mixtures. In particular, ionic liquids have been suggested for the removal of the acid gases, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide, from natural gases and refinery gases.... 

In past three decades, use of crude oil’s derivatives increased dramatically. The critical environmental condition of today’s world, which majorly caused by unclean fuels, forces governments to legislate new rules to increase quality of fuels. These rules force refinery industries to produce clean fuels. One of the main processes in producing clean fuels is Desulfurization process. For fuel desulfurization there are different kinds of processes like HydroDesulfruization, Oxidative Desulfurization, Bio-desulfurization, etc. From these processes Hydro-desulfurization is the conventional process for desulfurization. Because of significant problems of this process, like high operational cost,... 

Formation of gas hydrates is a challenge in the oil and gas industry. Gas hydrate formation can be prevented by several methods. One of these methods is to utilize of inhibitor components. The gas hydrate inhibitors can affect hydrate formation from two aspects, i.e., thermodynamic or kinetic. In this work, thermodynamic and kinetic effects of [Emim][BF4] ionic liquid on growth and dissociation of methane hydrate crystal were investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. Molecular dynamics simulation is powerful tool to investigate the thermophysical, structural, and dynamic properties of methane hydrate and the formation, dissociation, and inhibition mechanisms at the molecular scale.... 

The main EOR method after heat recovery is gas injection. Minimum miscibility pressure is one of the parameters that affect gas injection. This project includes computational and laboratory sections to estimate the MMP. The MMP were estimated during the injection of CO2, Ga, Gb and methane gases into two oil samples. In the computational part of the project, MMP is estimated through cell to cell simulation and using Peng_Robinson equation of state. Also, the MMP is measured by using slim tube apparatus which is used so widely in the industry. According to the results, CO2 has the lowest miscibility pressure among other gases. It was miscible into oil even at pressures near the bubble... 

Unconventional fracturing applications such as long-term waterflooding at fracturing pressure, produced water re-injection and waterfracs, etc., are characterized by very high fluid leakoff velocity, long operation time and significant changes in stress, pore pressure, and/or permeability and porosity, affecting possibly large regions around the wellbore and/or fracture. These special characteristics make fracturing modeling methods developed for conventional fracturing applications inadequate. Some of the problems encountered include grid effects resulting in oscillation of fracture growth with time (limiting the stability of conventional fracture modeling models), singularity of material... 

Many technologies should be applied for transportation or consumption of natural gas. There are many different ways for transporting natural gas from origin of production to the location of consumption which the simplest way is transportation via pipelines but for transportation of natural gas for long distances, we can not use this method in this way we should apply other technologies such as converting the natural gas to the liquid state. For using this method, first we should liquefy the natural gas up to -162 degree of centigrade at the atmospheric pressure and then transport it with large cargo ships. By using this method, the transportation costs are decreased in compared with the... 

The importance of gases and liquids absorption in the liquid falling film is mostly due to the wide applications of liquid falling film reactors in the chemical industries. In such a reactor the mass and heat transfer occur simultaneously, but in most cases, the importance of mass transfer is predominant. Therefore, the study of heat transfer in this kind of reactor is neglected. In order to improve the efficiency of absorption, different methods have been employed by researchers. Owing to the rapid growth of nanotechnology, nanofluids have widely been used for increasing the absorption of solution, recently. Magnetic fluids due to their unique combination, among different kinds of... 

In this study, density, viscosity and surface tension of aqueous solution of Sulfolane, ( TEA+TMS+H2O) and (DIPA+TMS+H2O) systems were measured . Density, viscosity and surface tension were measured using pycnometer, Cannon – Fenske viscometer and Capillary rise method, respectively. Surface tension measurements of (DIPA+TMS+water) were carried out by the ring method using a LAUDR TD3 tensiometer,. The experiments were carried out in low concentrations and atmospheric pressure in the temperature range (70 - 30) . The obtained Data was modeled using empirical and thermodynamic models. Density calculation was done using the Setchenov and Redlich – Kister models.and the results indicated that... 

Removal of some hazardous and toxic components of natural gas is of a great importance in industries. Thus solubility measurement of these components in appropriate solvents is a necessary task. Methylmercaptan due to its high toxicity as one of these components is separated by means of Alkanolamines. In this project a physical solubility experimental setup for absorption Methylmercaptan (CH3SH) in 48wt%, 35wt% and 25wt% MDEA aqueous solutions at 50°C and in pressures between (0.7 to 3)bar was designed and developed. The suggested setup can be used for measurement of solubility of gases (physical and chemical) in different solutions. The performance basis of the system is on precise... 

Learning the value of the objects in the living environment of animals has a great significance in guiding the behavior of animals. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms and structures involved in this phenomenon in the brain is one of the topics of interest in modern neuroscience. One of the most important structures known in the mammalian brain that plays an important role in learning the value of objects is the Basal ganglia. The value signal of objects has been observed in different areas of this structure. Another important area of the brain, whose role in learning the value of objects has recently been investigated, is the area of the Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex (vlPFC). On the...