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Optimal Design of an External Fixator for Knee Injuries & Deformities
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Zohoor, Hassan (Supervisor)
Abstract
Since ancient time, healing patients suffering from bone deformities has been one of the most important challenges of physicians. In recent decades, by helping bio mechanic engineers external fixators has been used for this purpose. These fixators divided to parallel and series forms. One of the remarkable merit of parallel external fixators is their high maneuverability. These fixators usually have six degree of freedom, and follow the movement’s pattern of Stewart robots. In this project by studying different fixators which has been commercials, we present two conceptual models of these fixators which three and four legs are used for connecting the lower and upper plates, respectively. The...
Optimization of the angle of attack of delta-winglet vortex generators over a bank of elliptical-tubes heat exchanger
, Article ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings (IMECE) ; Volume 8 A , 2013 ; 9780791856345 (ISBN) ; Godazandeh, B ; Ansari, M. H ; Ashjaee, M ; ASME ; Sharif University of Technology
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
2013
Abstract
In order to reach a more efficient and compact heat exchanger, it is essential to optimize the design, having in mind the impact of different geometrical parameters. Many of the previously cited studies in the area of heat transfer enhancement using vortex generators were confined only to defined points in the possible design space. Thus, a multiobjective optimization study is particularly suitable in order to cover this space entirely. A CFD simulation along with Pareto method were used to simulate the air flow and heat transfer and optimize the design parameters. The angle of attack of a pair of delta-winglets mounted behind each tube is varied between β = -90° and ß = +90°. Three...
Recent advances in ageing of 7xxx series aluminum alloys: A physical metallurgy perspective
, Article Journal of Alloys and Compounds ; Volume 781 , 2019 , Pages 945-983 ; 09258388 (ISSN) ; Taheri, A. K ; Taheri, K. K ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2019
Abstract
Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys (7xxx series Al alloys) are extensively used for their superior mechanical and corrosion performance. These properties are microstructure-sensitive and highly dependent on the formation, growth and coarsening of precipitates. To date, a wide variety of ageing procedures have been developed to tailor the evolved microstructures so as to yield a good combination of mechanical capacity and corrosion resistance of 7xxx series Al alloys. Among these methods, isothermal ageing, multi-stage ageing, non-isothermal ageing, retrogression and re-ageing (RRA), and stress ageing (i.e. creep ageing) are the most significant. In the present review, all of these approaches are...
Stiffness and strength estimation of damaged unreinforced masonry walls using crack pattern
, Article Journal of Earthquake Engineering ; Volume 26, Issue 2 , 2022 , Pages 837-856 ; 13632469 (ISSN) ; Beyer, K ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2022
Abstract
After an earthquake, the residual stiffness and strength of structural elements are typically estimated based on a qualitative visual inspection of cracks that is prone to error. In this paper a new approach is proposed to automatically estimate the updated stiffness and strength of damaged unreinforced masonry walls by characterization of crack patterns by a mathematical index. It is shown that structural and textural fractal dimensions of a crack pattern reflect the extent of cracking and the type of cracking or crushing, i.e., whether the cracks pass through joints or whether bricks have been damaged and crushed. Using results of six quasi-static cyclic tests on unreinforced brick masonry...
Influence of heat treatment and aging on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-1.8Zn-0.7Si-0.4Ca alloy
, Article Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik ; Volume 50, Issue 2 , 2019 , Pages 187-196 ; 09335137 (ISSN) ; Taheri, K. K ; Taheri, A. K ; Shaeri, M. H ; Sharif University of Technology
Wiley-VCH Verlag
2019
Abstract
In order to optimize the aging treatment of Mg-1.8Zn-0.7Si-0.4Ca alloy, different times and temperatures of solid solution and age hardening were applied to the alloy specimens. Microstructures and mechanical properties of the specimens were investigated using the optical microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer, x-ray diffraction, hardness, and shear punch tests. The lowest hardness and strength were achieved by solution treating of the alloy at 500 °C for 8 h, presenting the optimal condition for solution treatment of the alloy. The microstructural examinations revealed three different precipitates consisting of CaMgSi,...
The nonlinear diffusion bandwidth: A simple tool for optimizing dispersion maps
, Article Optical Transmission, Switching, and Subsystems IV, Gwangju, 5 September 2006 through 7 September 2006 ; Volume 6353 I , 2006 ; 0277786X (ISSN) ; 0819464481 (ISBN); 9780819464484 (ISBN) ; Fischer, J. K ; Louchet, H ; Jamshidi, K ; Petermann, K ; Sharif University of Technology
2006
Abstract
The concept of a nonlinear transfer function of a fibre-optic communication link is reviewed. Also an approximation of the nonlinear transfer function is introduced, which allows to define an equivalent single-span model of a dispersion-managed multi-span system. In this paper we will show its limits of validity and try to extent these limits by enhancing the theoretical model. In this respect we will discuss the impact of dispersion precompensation and show the influence of residual dispersion per span, number of spans and local dispersion on transmission systems with on-off keying and differential phase-shift keying modulation formats. This approach allows fast assessment of the...
Nickel-based nanosheets array as a binder free and highly efficient catalyst for electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction
, Article International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ; Volume 47, Issue 82 , 2022 , Pages 34887-34897 ; 03603199 (ISSN) ; Hemmati, K ; Mirabbaszadeh, K ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2022
Abstract
Hydrogen technology through water electrolyzer systems has attracted a great attention to overcome the energy crisis. So, rationally designed non-noble metal based-electrocatalysts with high activity and durability can lead to high performance water electrolyzer systems and high purity hydrogen generation. Herein, a facile two-step method: hydrothermal and electrodeposition, respectively, are developed to decorate highly porous three-dimensional binder-free structure NiFeO/NiO nanosheets array on Ni foam (NiFeO/NiO/NF) with robust adhesion as a high-performance electrode for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER). The electrodeposition process applied after the initial hydrothermal process...
New operational transconductance amplifiers using current boosting
, Article Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems ; 2012 , Pages 109-112 ; 15483746 (ISSN) ; 9781467325264 (ISBN) ; Lazarjan, V. K ; HajSadeghi, K ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
New techniques for Class-AB Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (OTAs) are presented. These new techniques are two topologies based on current boosting in class-AB stage which achieve considerable improvement of Slew Rate and Gain-Bandwidth while maintaining the same power consumption as the conventional design. Circuit level analysis and simulation results of proposed circuits in 0.18μm CMOS technology for gain, GBW, slew rate, and settling time are presented to prove the effectiveness of the proposed design method
Ranking of technology transfer barriers in developing countries; case study of Iran's biotechnology industry
, Article IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 6 December 2011 through 9 December 2011, Singapore ; 2011 , Pages 1602-1606 ; 21573611 (ISSN) ; 9781457707391 (ISBN) ; Rashvanlouei, K. Y ; Ismail, K ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
In this paper, first we shall define a list of technology transfer barriers in the biotechnology field through interviews and literature reviews. Next, we shall categorize them into four major categories of technology, and at last introduce all of the hypotheses on the existence of relationship between each part of technology and failure in the technology transfer process. Questionnaires consisting of two parts were created and handed out to all of the specialists and biotechnology idea-holders in the Iranian National Research center of Biotechnology, Lidco Co, Iran Pastor Institute, Biotechnology Department of University of Tehran, etc. Going on, we've evaluated the factors' validity...
A coupled adjoint formulation for non-cooled and internally cooled turbine blade optimization
, Article Applied Thermal Engineering ; Volume 105 , 2016 , Pages 327-335 ; 13594311 (ISSN) ; Mazaheri, K ; Chaharlang Kiani, K ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2016
Abstract
Most researches on the application of the adjoint method in turbine blade design are concentrated on the aerodynamic shape optimization without considering the heat transfer to/from the blade material. In this study, the adjoint method is extended to the conjugate heat transfer problems in which the viscous flow field is coupled to heat transfer in the solid region. Introducing a new adjoint variable in the solid domain, a heat adjoint equation is derived which is coupled with the energy adjoint equation in the fluid zone at the fluid/solid interface. The detailed mathematical description associated with the derivation of the heat adjoint equation with corresponding boundary conditions are...
A self-organizing multi-model ensemble for identification of nonlinear time-varying dynamics of aerial vehicles
, Article Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering ; Volume 235, Issue 7 , 2021 , Pages 1164-1178 ; 09596518 (ISSN) ; Ahmadi, K. K. A ; Sharif University of Technology
SAGE Publications Ltd
2021
Abstract
This article presents a novel identification approach which can deal with nonlinear and time-varying characteristics of complex dynamic systems, especially an aerial vehicle in the entire flight envelope. A set of local sub-models are first developed at different operating points of the system, and subsequently a self-organizing multi-model ensemble is introduced to aggregate the outputs of the local models as a single model. The number of employed local models in the proposed multi-model ensemble is optimized using a novel self-organizing approach. Also, wavelet neural networks, which combine both the universal approximation property of neural networks and the wavelet decomposition...
Simple SPR-based colorimetric sensor to differentiate Mg2+ and Ca2+ in aqueous solutions
, Article Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy ; Volume 268 , 2022 ; 13861425 (ISSN) ; Salehi, K ; Sadrnezhaad, S. K ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2022
Abstract
L-tryptophan functionalized AgNPs were successfully fabricated using a one-pot synthesis method and assessed as a colorimetric probe for rapid and accurate determination of Mg2+ ions. The developed sensor showed a selective response towards Mg2+ with no interference from Ca2+ in the wide concentration range of 1–200 µM. The sensor's response was optimized in the pH range of 9–10, which can be attributed to the protonation of amine groups and their interaction with Mg2+ ions. The stability and selectivity of the sensor were examined in different salt (NaCl) and other metal ions, respectively. The L-tryptophan-AgNPs sensor detected Mg2+ with the limit of detection of 3 µM, which is way lower...
Micro-optoelectromechanical systems accelerometer based on intensity modulation using a one-dimensional photonic crystal
, Article Applied Optics ; Volume 55, Issue 32 , 2016 , Pages 8993-8999 ; 1559128X (ISSN) ; Abedi, K ; Jafari, K ; Gholamzadeh, R ; Sharif University of Technology
OSA - The Optical Society
2016
Abstract
In this paper, we propose what we believe is a novel sensitive micro-optoelectromechanical systems (MOEMS) accelerometer based on intensity modulation by using a one-dimensional photonic crystal. The optical sensing system of the proposed structure includes an air-dielectric multilayer photonic bandgap material, a laser diode (LD) light source, a typical photodiode (1550 nm) and a set of integrated optical waveguides. The proposed sensor provides several advantages, such as a relatively wide measurement range, good linearity in the whole measurement range, integration capability, negligible cross-axis sensitivity, high reliability, and low air-damping coefficient, which results in a wider...
On the formation of intermetallics during the furnace brazing of pure titanium to 304 stainless steel using Ag (30-50%)-Cu filler metals
, Article Materials and Manufacturing Processes ; Volume 25, Issue 11 , 2010 , Pages 1333-1340 ; 10426914 (ISSN) ; Abachi, P ; Dehghani, K ; Pourazarang, K ; Sharif University of Technology
2010
Abstract
In the present work, the effect of brazing pa rameters on the properties of the brazed joint of pure titanium and 304 stainless steel (304SS) was investigated. Three different Ag-Cu filler metals were used, while the temperature and time of brazing were in the range of 800-950°C and 5-45 minutes, respectively. The microstructural observations show that, depending on the brazing conditions, different intermetallic phases such as CuTi2, CuTi, Cu3Ti4, and FeTi were formed at the phases interface. Based on the microstructural observations, a model was developed to characterize the formation of phases at the interfaces and brazed joint. The results show that, while some phases may form during the...
Influence of load history on the force-displacement response of in-plane loaded unreinforced masonry walls
, Article Engineering Structures ; Volume 152 , 2017 , Pages 671-682 ; 01410296 (ISSN) ; Dolatshahi, K. M ; Beyer, K ; Sharif University of Technology
2017
Abstract
Empirical drift capacity models for in-plane loaded unreinforced masonry (URM) walls are derived from results of quasi-static cyclic shear-compression tests. The experimentally determined drift capacities are, however, dependent on the applied demand, i.e., on the loading protocol that is used in the test. These loading protocols differ between test campaigns. The loading protocols applied in tests are also different from the displacement histories to which URM walls are subjected in real earthquakes. In the absence of experimental studies on the effect of loading histories on the wall response, this article presents numerical simulations of modern unreinforced clay block masonry walls that...
Numerical study on factors that influence the in-plane drift capacity of unreinforced masonry walls
, Article Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics ; Volume 47, Issue 6 , 2018 , Pages 1440-1459 ; 00988847 (ISSN) ; Nikoukalam, M. T ; Beyer, K ; Sharif University of Technology
John Wiley and Sons Ltd
2018
Abstract
Displacement-based assessment procedures require as input reliable estimates of the deformation capacity of all structural elements. For unreinforced masonry (URM) walls, current design codes specify the in-plane deformation capacity as empirical equations of interstory drift. National codes differ with regard to the parameters that are considered in these empirical drift capacity equations, but the inhomogeneity of datasets on URM wall tests renders it difficult to validate the hypotheses with the currently available experimental data. This paper contributes to the future development of such empirical relationships by investigating the sensitivity of the drift capacity to the shear span,...
Shear-compression tests of URM walls: various setups and their influence on experimental results
, Article Engineering Structures ; Volume 156 , February , 2018 , Pages 472-479 ; 01410296 (ISSN) ; Dolatshahi, K. M ; Beyer, K ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2018
Abstract
Current design codes provide empirical equations for the drift capacity of unreinforced masonry (URM) walls that are based on results of quasi-static cyclic shear-compression tests. Yet different experimental campaigns have used various approaches of imposing fixed-fixed boundary conditions at the wall top which may affect the test results. This article investigates, by means of numerical simulations, the influence of experimental setups on the force and drift capacities of in-plane loaded URM walls subjected to double-fixed conditions. It is shown that controlling the shear span or the top rotation while keeping the axial force constant leads to very similar results. Controlling the axial...
Solute redistribution during transient liquid phase bonding of IN738LC with BNi-3 interlayer
, Article Materials Science and Technology ; Volume 24, Issue 4 , 2008 , Pages 449-456 ; 02670836 (ISSN) ; Ekrami, A ; Ohsasa, K ; Matsuura, K ; Sharif University of Technology
2008
Abstract
Redistribution of alloying elements in the transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding zone of IN738LC/ BNi-3/IN738LC was studied to investigate microstructural evolution in this area. Wavelength dispersive spectrometry and electron probe microanalysis revealed that, during non-isothermal solidification in the TLP bonding zone, enrichment of residual liquid phase with the positive segregating elements caused formation of intermetallic in the bonding zone. Scanning electron microscopy observation Indicated that the redistribution of alloying elements, between TLP bonding zone and base alloy, resulted In formation of a γ′ boundary layer, containing high density of fine γ′, around the bonding zone....
Microstructural evolution in the transient-liquid-phase bonding area of IN-738LC/BNi-3/IN-738LC
, Article Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science ; Volume 39, Issue 10 , 2008 , Pages 2389-2402 ; 10735623 (ISSN) ; Ekrami, A ; Ohsasa, K ; Matsuura, K ; Sharif University of Technology
2008
Abstract
Transient-liquid-phase (TLP) bonding of the IN-738LC base alloy with BNi-3 interlayer was investigated in this article. Effects of the TLP bonding thermal cycle on the base alloy were studied microstructurally and macrostructurally. Microscopic investigation revealed that the microstructural evolution in the TLP bonding area was affected substantially by the bonding temperature. Therefore, a critical bonding temperature (Tcr) was defined for TLP bonding of IN-738LC/ BNi-3/IN-738LC samples. Unlike bonding below Tcr, TLP bonding at temperatures higher than Tcr resulted in formation of individual γ-γ' colonies in the adjacent base alloy to TLP bonding zone and caused significant reduction in...
Design guidelines for a tunable SOI based optical isolator in a partially time-modulated ring resonator
, Article IEEE Photonics Journal ; Volume 14, Issue 5 , 2022 ; 19430655 (ISSN) ; Mehrany, K ; Memarian, M ; Jamshidi, K ; Sharif University of Technology
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc
2022
Abstract
In this paper, we present the design guidelines for a tunable optical isolator in an SOI-based ring resonator with two small time-modulated regions. By considering a physical model, the proper geometrical and modulation parameters are designed, based on a standard CMOS foundry process. The effect of the variation of the key parameters on the performance of the isolator is explained by two counter-acting mechanisms, namely the separation between the resonance frequencies of counter-rotating modes and energy transfer to the side harmonic. We show that there is a trade-off between these parameters to obtain maximum isolation. Consequently, by applying the quadrature phase difference one can...