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Trade Liberalization and Wage Inequality in Iran’s Industries
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Keshavarz Haddad, GholamReza (Supervisor)
Abstract
This study examins effects of trade liberalization on the wage inequality across industries and between genders within these industries by utilizing the data of micro-level Households’ Income and Expenditures surveys and trade statistics over 2001-2011. The analysis is carried based on the Heckscher–Ohlin’s theory in international trade and Baker’s taste discrimination theory at firms. We use Quantile regression and ordinary least squares (OLS) to consider the wage discrimination across entire distribution wage distribution and at wages mean as well. The results of Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition approach (inequality at mean wage) and Machado and Mata’s model (inequality of wage at entire...
Mixed mode fracture analysis of adiabatic cracks in homogeneous and non-homogeneous materials in the framework of partition of unity and the path-independent interaction integral
, Article Engineering Fracture Mechanics ; Vol. 131, issue , 2014 , Pp. 100-127 ; ISSN: 00137944 ; Bayesteh, H ; Mohammadi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
2014
Abstract
In this paper, the path independent interaction integral has been implemented in the framework of the extended finite element method for mixed mode adiabatic cracks under thermo-mechanical loadings particularly in orthotropic non-homogenous materials. The mesh insensitivity and increased accuracy due to the thermal and displacement asymptotic analytical solutions are discussed and the contour independency of the interaction integral is investigated in different examples. Finally, the problem of crack propagation in orthotropic FGM materials under the thermal loading is investigated to assess the accuracy and robustness of proposed approach
Numerical Modeling of Fracture Mechanics in Isotropic/ Orthotropic FGMs by XFEM
,
M.Sc. Thesis
Sharif University of Technology
;
Kazemi, Mohammad Taghi
(Supervisor)
Abstract
Nowadays, regarding to knowledge progresses in various fields,advanced materials for which have acceptable performance in sensitive and special conditions must be used. Functionally graded materials are advanced multiphase composite materials that are characterized by continues spatial variations in mechanical and thermal properties. Clearly, studying on fracture mechanics of FGMs is important because they are used in igh-tech and sensitive applications.In this research, numerical modeling of fracture mechanics in isotropic/orthotropic/ transversely isotropic FGMs via interaction integral method is performed. Both incompatible and non-equilibrium formulations of interaction integral are...
Community Detection in Very Large Networks
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Beigy, Hamid (Supervisor)
Abstract
Nowadays Systems in different fields of research like computer science, biology, social networks, information networks, and economics are modeled as graphs. The graphs which model real world systems have very different topological characteristics than those of classic networks. One of the prominent characteristics of these networks, is that its not practical to describe a general model for their structure and behavior. As a consequence of this complexity in modeling and structure, these networks are called complex networks. One of the most important observations in complex networks is the presence of communities, it means that in such networks one can separate vertices in disjoint sets, such...
Universal bounds on the scaling behavior of polar codes
, Article IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory - Proceedings ; 2012 , Pages 1957-1961 ; 9781467325790 (ISBN) ; Hassani, S. H ; Urbanke, R ; Sharif University of Technology
IEEE
2012
Abstract
We consider the problem of determining the tradeoff between the rate and the block-length of polar codes for a given block error probability when we use the successive cancellation decoder. We take the sum of the Bhattacharyya parameters as a proxy for the block error probability, and show that there exists a universal parameter μ such that for any binary memoryless symmetric channel W with capacity I(W), reliable communication requires rates that satisfy R < I(W) - αN -1/μ, where α is a positive constant and N is the block-length. We provide lower bounds on μ, namely μ ≥ 3.553, and we conjecture that indeed μ = 3.627, the parameter for the binary erasure channel
An efficient distributed cluster-head election technique for load balancing in wireless sensor network
, Article Proceedings of the 2010 6th International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing, ISSNIP 2010, 7 December 2010 through 10 December 2010, Brisbane, QLD ; 2010 , Pages 227-232 ; 9781424471768 (ISBN) ; Yousefi, H ; Movaghar, A ; Sharif University of Technology
2010
Abstract
Energy constraint is the most critical problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). To address this issue, clustering has been introduced as an efficient way for routing. However, the available clustering algorithms do not efficiently consider the geographical information of nodes in cluster-head election. This leads to uneven distribution of cluster-heads and unbalanced cluster sizes that brings about uneven energy dissipation in clusters. In this paper, an Efficient Distributed Cluster-head Election technique for Load balancing (EDCEL) is proposed. The main criterion of the algorithm, dispersal of cluster-heads, is achieved by increasing the Euclidian distance between cluster-heads....
Simplified MAP-MUD for active user CDMA
, Article IEEE Communications Letters ; Volume 15, Issue 6 , April , 2011 , Pages 599-601 ; 10897798 (ISSN) ; Mousavi, A ; Goli, A ; Marvasti, F ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
In CDMA systems with variable number of users, the decoder consists of two stages. The first stage is the active user identification and the second one is the multi-user detection. Most of the proposed active user identification methods fail to work in overloaded CDMA systems (when the number of users is more than the spreading factor). In this paper we propose a joint active user identification and multi-user detection for binary input CDMA systems using the Viterbi algorithm. We will show that the proposed identification/detection method is Maximum A posteriori Probability (MAP) and outperforms the pervious results. In addition, some suboptimum decoders will be proposed that have lower...
Effect of distance-dependent dispersivity on density-driven flow in porous media
, Article Journal of Hydrology ; Volume 589 , October , 2020 ; Fahs, M ; Ataie Ashtiani, B ; Simmons, C. T ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2020
Abstract
In this study, the effect of distance-dependent dispersion coefficients on density-driven flow is investigated. The linear asymptotic model, which assumes that dispersivities increase linearly with distance from the source of contamination and reach asymptotic values at a large asymptotic distance, is employed. An in-house numerical model is adapted to handle distance-dependent dispersion. The effect of asymptotic-dispersion on aquifer contamination is analyzed for two tests: (i) a seawater intrusion problem in a coastal aquifer and (ii) a leachate transport problem from a surface deposit site. Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) combined with the Polynomial Chaos Expansion (PCE) surrogate...
A Cluster-Head Election Technique for Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Movaghar, Ali (Supervisor) ; Manzouri, Mohammad Taghi (Supervisor)
Abstract
Energy constraint is the most critical problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). To address this issue, clustering has been introduced as an efficient way for data aggregation and routing. However, there also exist some disadvantages associated with the clustering scheme, such as additional overheads during the cluster-head election and cluster formation process. Most available clustering algorithms do not efficiently take into consideration the geographical information of nodes in the cluster-head election. This leads to uneven distribution of cluster-heads and unbalanced cluster sizes, which brings about uneven energy dissipation in clusters. In this research, an Efficient Distributed...
The henry problem: New semianalytical solution for velocity-dependent dispersion
, Article Water Resources Research ; Volume 52, Issue 9 , 2016 , Pages 7382-7407 ; 00431397 (ISSN) ; Ataie Ashtiani, B ; Younes, A ; Simmons, C. T ; Ackerer, P ; Sharif University of Technology
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
2016
Abstract
A new semianalytical solution is developed for the velocity-dependent dispersion Henry problem using the Fourier-Galerkin method (FG). The integral arising from the velocity-dependent dispersion term is evaluated numerically using an accurate technique based on an adaptive scheme. Numerical integration and nonlinear dependence of the dispersion on the velocity render the semianalytical solution impractical. To alleviate this issue and to obtain the solution at affordable computational cost, a robust implementation for solving the nonlinear system arising from the FG method is developed. It allows for reducing the number of attempts of the iterative procedure and the computational cost by...
Semianalytical solutions for contaminant transport under variable velocity field in a coastal aquifer
, Article Journal of Hydrology ; Volume 560 , 2018 , Pages 434-450 ; 00221694 (ISSN) ; Fahs, M ; Ataie Ashtiani, B ; Simmons, C. T ; Younes, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2018
Abstract
Existing closed-form solutions of contaminant transport problems are limited by the mathematically convenient assumption of uniform flow. These solutions cannot be used to investigate contaminant transport in coastal aquifers where seawater intrusion induces a variable velocity field. An adaptation of the Fourier-Galerkin method is introduced to obtain semi-analytical solutions for contaminant transport in a confined coastal aquifer in which the saltwater wedge is in equilibrium with a freshwater discharge flow. Two scenarios dealing with contaminant leakage from the aquifer top surface and contaminant migration from a source at the landward boundary are considered. Robust implementation of...
On the use of COMSOL Multiphysics for seawater intrusion in fractured coastal aquifers
, Article 25th Salt Water Intrusion Meeting, SWIM 2018, 17 June 2018 through 22 June 2018 ; Volume 54 , 2018 ; 22671242 (ISSN) ; Fahs, M ; Ataie Ashtiani, B ; Simmons, C. T ; Younes, R ; Sharif University of Technology
EDP Sciences
2018
Abstract
COMSOL Multiphysics is a comprehensive simulation software environment for a wide range of applications. COMSOL has an interactive interface that facilitates the modeling procedure and allows an easy coupling of different physical processes. The Subsurface Flow module extends the COMSOL modeling environment to applications related to fluid flow in saturated and variably saturated porous media. COMSOL is increasingly used in the investigation of geophysical, hydrogeological and environmental phenomena. The main goal of this work is to explore the ability of COMSOL for simulating seawater intrusion (SWI) in fractured coastal aquifers. Numerical modeling of such a problem is of high interest as...
Convective-reactive transport of dissolved CO2 in fractured-geological formations
, Article International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control ; Volume 109 , 2021 ; 17505836 (ISSN) ; Ataie Ashtiani, B ; Simmons, C. T ; Younes, A ; Fahs, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2021
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) storage in geologic formations is an attractive means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The main processes controlling the migration of CO2 in geological formations are related to convective mixing and geochemical reactions. The effects of heterogeneity on these coupled processes have been widely discussed in the literature. Recently, special attention has been devoted to fractured geological formations that can be found in several storage reservoirs. However, existing studies on the effect of fractures on the fate of CO2 neglect the key processes of geochemical reactions. This work aims at addressing this gap. Based on numerical simulations of a hypothetical...
Uncertainty analysis for seawater intrusion in fractured coastal aquifers: Effects of fracture location, aperture, density and hydrodynamic parameters
, Article Journal of Hydrology ; Volume 571 , 2019 , Pages 159-177 ; 00221694 (ISSN) ; Fahs, M ; Ataie Ashtiani, B ; Belfort, B ; Simmons, C. T ; Younes, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2019
Abstract
In this study we use polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) to perform uncertainty analysis for seawater intrusion (SWI) in fractured coastal aquifers (FCAs) which is simulated using the coupled discrete fracture network (DFN) and variable-density flow (VDF) models. The DFN-VDF model requires detailed discontinuous analysis of the fractures. In real field applications, these characteristics are usually uncertain which may have a major effect on the predictive capability of the model. Thus, we perform global sensitivity analysis (GSA) to provide a preliminary assessment on how these uncertainties can affect the model outputs. As our conceptual model, we consider fractured configurations of the...
Study of the effect of thermal dispersion on internal natural convection in porous media using fourier series
, Article Transport in Porous Media ; Volume 131, Issue 2 , 2020 , Pages 537-568 ; Graf, T ; Tran, T. V ; Ataie Ashtiani, B ; Simmons, C. T ; Younes, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer
2020
Abstract
Natural convection in a porous enclosure in the presence of thermal dispersion is investigated. The Fourier–Galerkin (FG) spectral element method is adapted to solve the coupled equations of Darcy’s flow and heat transfer with a full velocity-dependent dispersion tensor, employing the stream function formulation. A sound implementation of the FG method is developed to obtain accurate solutions within affordable computational costs. In the spectral space, the stream function is expressed analytically in terms of temperature, and the spectral system is solved using temperature as the primary unknown. The FG method is compared to finite element solutions obtained using an in-house code...
Editorial: Modeling-Based approaches for water resources problems
, Article Frontiers in Water ; Volume 4 , 2022 ; 26249375 (ISSN) ; Ataie Ashtiani, B ; Graf, T ; Saaltink, M. W ; Simmons, C. T ; Younes, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Frontiers Media S.A
2022
A generalized semi-analytical solution for the dispersive henry problem: effect of stratification and anisotropy on seawater intrusion
, Article Water (Switzerland) ; Volume 10, Issue 2 , 2018 ; 20734441 (ISSN) ; Koohbor, B ; Belfort, B ; Ataie Ashtiani, B ; Simmons, C. T ; Younes, A ; Ackerer, P ; Sharif University of Technology
MDPI AG
2018
Abstract
The Henry problem (HP) continues to play a useful role in theoretical and practical studies related to seawater intrusion (SWI) into coastal aquifers. The popularity of this problem is attributed to its simplicity and precision to the existence of semi-analytical (SA) solutions. The first SA solution has been developed for a high uniform diffusion coefficient. Several further studies have contributed more realistic solutions with lower diffusion coefficients or velocity-dependent dispersion. All the existing SA solutions are limited to homogenous and isotropic domains. This work attempts to improve the realism of the SA solution of the dispersive HP by extending it to heterogeneous and...
Welcome message from the P2MNET chairs
, Article Proceedings - Conference on Local Computer Networks, LCN ; Article number 6761228 , 21-24 October , 2013 , pp. lv-lvi ; ISBN: 9781479905379 ; Loucif, S ; Mammeri, A ; Ababneh, N ; Araujo, R ; De Grande, R ; Delicato, F ; Fouchal, H ; Juiz, C ; Pagna Disso, J. F ; Pereira, R ; Pires, P ; Rezende, C ; Sarbazi-Azad, H ; Si, W ; Takai, M ; Younes, M. B ; Xie, H ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
[No abstract available]
Welcome message from the P2MNET chairs
, Article Proceedings - Conference on Local Computer Networks, LCN ; October , 2013 , Pages lv-lvi ; 9781479905379 (ISBN) ; Loucif, S ; Mammeri, A ; Ababneh, N ; Araujo, R ; De Grande, R ; Delicato, F ; Fouchal, H ; Juiz, C ; Pagna Disso, J. F ; Pereira, R ; Pires, P ; Rezende, C ; Sarbazi Azad, H ; Si, W ; Takai, M ; Younes, M. B ; Xie, H ; Sharif University of Technology
IEEE Computer Society
2013
Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017
, Article Nature Medicine ; Volume 26, Issue 5 , August , 2020 , Pages 750-759 ; Ross, J. M ; Lazzar Atwood, A ; Munro, S. B ; Schaeffer, L. E ; Abbasalizad Farhangi, M ; Abbasi, M ; Abbastabar, H ; Abdelalim, A ; Abdoli, A ; Abdollahi, M ; Abdollahpour, I ; Abdulkader, R. S ; Abebe, N. D ; Abebo, T. A ; Abegaz, K. H ; Abolhassani, H ; Abreu, L.G ; Abrigo, M.R.M ; Abushouk, A.I ; Accrombessi, M.M.K ; Acharya, D ; Adabi, M ; Adebiyi, A.O ; Adedeji, I.A ; Adekanmbi, V ; Adeoye, A.M ; Adetokunboh, O.O ; Adham, D ; Aduroja, P.E ; Advani, S.M ; Afarideh, M ; Aghaali, M ; Agrawal, A ; Ahmad, T ; Ahmadi, K ; Ahmadi, S ; Ahmed, M.B ; Ahmed, R ; Ajumobi, O ; Akal, C.G ; Akalu, T.Y ; Akinyemiju, T ; Akombi, B ; Al-Aly, Z ; Alam, S ; Alamene, G.M ; Alanzi, T.M ; Rabanal, J.E.A ; Alema, N.M ; Ali, B.A ; Ali, M ; Alijanzadeh, M ; Alinia, C ; Alipour, V ; Alizade, H ; Aljunid, S.M ; Almasi, A ; Almasi-Hashiani, A ; Al-Mekhlafi, H.M ; Al-Raddadi, R.M ; Altirkawi, K ; Alvis-Guzman, N ; Alvis-Zakzuk, N.J ; Amare, A.T ; Amegah, A.K ; Amini, S ; Rarani, M.A ; Amiri, F ; Amit, A.M.L ; Anber, N.H ; Andrei, C.L ; Ansari, F ; Ansari-Moghaddam, A ; Anteneh, Z.A ; Antonio, C.A.T ; Antriyandarti, E ; Anvari, D ; Anwer, R ; Appiah, S.C.Y ; Arabloo, J ; Arab-Zozani, M ; Araya, E.M ; Arefi, Z ; Aremu, O ; Ärnlöv, J ; Arzani, A ; Asadi-Aliabadi, M ; Asadi-Pooya, A.A ; Asgari, S ; Asghari, B ; Ashagre, A.F ; Asrat, A.A ; Ataeinia, B ; Atalay, H.T ; Atnafu, D.D ; Atout, M.M.W ; Ausloos, M ; Avokpaho, E.F.G.A ; Awasthi, A ; Quintanilla, B.P.A ; Ayanore, M.A ; Aynalem, Y.A.A ; Azadmehr, A ; Azari, S ; Azarian, G ; Azene, Z.N ; Babaee, E ; Badawi, A ; Badiye, A.D ; Bahrami, M.A ; Baig, A.A.A ; Bakhtiari, A ; Bakkannavar, S.M ; Balakrishnan, S ; Bali, A.G ; Banach, M ; Banik, P.C ; Baradaran-Seyed, Z ; Baraki, A.G ; Barboza, M.A ; Bärnighausen, T.W ; Barua, L ; Basaleem, H ; Basu, S ; Bayati, M ; Bayih, M.T ; Baynes, H.W ; Bedi, N ; Behzadifar, M ; Behzadifar, M ; Bekele, Y.A ; Bennett, D.A ; Berbada, D.A ; Berhe, K ; Berhe, A.K ; Berman, A.E ; Bernstein, R.S ; Bhageerathy, R ; Bhandari, D ; Bharadwaj, P ; Bhattacharjee, N.V ; Bhattacharyya, K ; Bijani, A ; Bikbov, B ; Bilano, V ; Bililign, N ; Sayeed, M.S.B ; Birara, S ; Birhane, M.B.B ; Birhanu, M ; Biswas, R.K ; Bitew, Z.W ; Bogale, K.A ; Bohlouli, S ; Bolla, S.R ; Boloor, A ; Borzì, A.M ; Borzouei, S ; Brady, O.J ; Bragazzi, N.L ; Braithwaite, D ; Briko, N.I ; Britton, G ; Budhathoki, S.S ; Nagaraja, S.B ; Busse, R ; Butt, Z.A ; Cahuana-Hurtado, L ; Cámera, L.A ; Campos-Nonato, I.R ; Cano, J ; Car, J ; Cárdenas, R ; Carrero, J.J ; Carvalho, F ; Castaldelli-Maia, J.M ; Castañeda-Orjuela, C.A ; Castro, F ; Cerin, E ; Chansa, C ; Charan, J ; Chatterjee, P ; Chattu, V.K ; Chauhan, B.G ; Chavshin, A.R ; Chehrazi, M ; Chichiabellu, T.Y ; Chin, K.L ; Christopher, D.J ; Chu, D.-T ; Cicuttini, F.M ; Collison, M.L ; Cork, M.A ; Cormier, N ; Cortesi, P.A ; Costa, V.M ; Dadi, A.F.F ; Dagnew, B ; Dahlawi, S.M.A ; Damiani, G ; Darwish, A.H ; Daryani, A ; Das, J.K ; Gupta, R.D ; Dávila-Cervantes, C ; Davis Weaver, N ; Leo, D.D ; Neve, J.-W.D ; Demeke, F.M ; Demis, A.B ; Demissie, D.B ; Demoz, G.T ; Denova-Gutiérrez, E ; Deribe, K ; Desai, R ; Desalegn, B.B ; Desalew, A ; Deshpande, A ; Dey, S ; Dharmaratne, S.D ; Dhillon, P ; Dhimal, M ; Dhungana, G.P ; Nasab, M.D ; Diaz, D ; Forooshani, Z.S.D ; Dinsa, G.D ; Dipeolu, I.O ; Djalalinia, S ; Do, H.T ; Do, H.P ; Doku, P.N ; Dorostkar, F ; Doshmangir, L ; Dubey, M ; Adema, B.D ; Dunachie, S.J ; Duncan, B.B ; Durães, A.R ; Earl, L ; Leylabadlo, H.E ; Eftekhari, A ; El Sayed, I ; El Sayed Zaki, M ; El Tantawi, M ; Elbarazi, I ; Elemineh, D.A ; El-Jaafary, S.I ; El-Khatib, Z ; Elsharkawy, A ; El-Sherbiny, Y.M ; Elyazar, I.R.F ; Emamian, M.H ; Enany, S ; Endalew, D.A ; Endalifer, M.L ; Eskandari, K ; Eskandarieh, S ; Esmaeilnejad, S ; Esteghamati, A ; Etemadi, A ; Etisso, A.E ; Fanzo, J ; Farahmand, M ; Faraj, A ; Farashi, S ; Fareed, M ; Farioli, A ; Faro, A ; Farzadfar, F ; Farzam, H ; Fatima, S.S ; Fattahi, N ; Fauk, N.K ; Fazaeli, A.A ; Fentahun, N ; Ferede, T.Y ; Fereshtehnejad, S.-M ; Fernandes, E ; Fernandes, J.C ; Feyissa, G.T ; Filip, I ; Fischer, F ; Flohr, C ; Foigt, N.A ; Folayan, M.O ; Fomenkov, A.A ; Foroutan, M ; Förster, J ; Francis, J.M ; Fukumoto, T ; Gayesa, R.T ; Geberemariyam, B.S ; Gebrehiwot, T.T ; Gebremariam, H ; Gebremariam, K.T ; Gebremedhin, K.B.B ; Gebremeskel, G.G ; Gebreslassie, A.A.A ; Gebretsadik, G.G.G ; Gedefaw, G.A ; Geramo, Y.C.D ; Gesesew, H.A ; Geta, B ; Getenet, A.B ; Gezae, K.E ; Ghaffarifar, F ; Ghafourifard, M ; Ghajar, A ; Ghajarzadeh, M ; Ghashghaee, A ; Ghiasvand, H ; Gholamian, A ; Gilani, S.A ; Gill, T.K ; Ginawi, I.A ; Goli, S ; Gomes, N.G.M ; Gopalani, S.V ; Goudarzi, H ; Goulart, A.C ; Govindakarnavar, A ; Grada, A ; Grivna, M ; Guimarães, R.A ; Guled, R.A ; Guo, Y ; Gupta, R ; Gupta, R ; Hafezi-Nejad, N ; Haile, M.T ; Haj-Mirzaian, A ; Haj-Mirzaian, A ; Hall, B.J ; Halvaei, I ; Hamadeh, R.R ; Hamidi, Y ; Handiso, D.W ; Hankey, G.J ; Haririan, H ; Hariyani, N ; Hasaballah, A.I ; Hasan, M.M ; Hasankhani, M ; Hasanpoor, E ; Hasanzadeh, A ; Hashemian, M ; Hassanipour, S ; Hassen, H.Y ; Havmoeller, R ; Hawkes, C ; Hayat, K ; Hayelom, D.H ; Heidari, B ; Heidari-Soureshjani, R ; Hendrie, D ; Henok, A ; Henry, N.J ; Herrero, M ; Herteliu, C ; Heydarpour, F ; de Hidru, H.D ; Hoang, C.L ; Hoek, H.W ; Hole, M.K ; Holla, R ; Hollerich, G ; Rad, E.H ; Hong, S.H ; Hoogar, P ; Horino, M ; Hossain, N ; Hosseini, M ; Hosseinzadeh, M ; Hostiuc, M ; Hostiuc, S ; Househ, M ; Hsairi, M ; Hu, G ; Huda, T.M ; Humayun, A ; Hwang, B.-F ; Ibitoye, S.E ; Ilesanmi, O.S ; Ilic, M.D ; Imani-Nasab, M.H ; Inbaraj, L.R ; Iqbal, U ; Irvani, S.S.N ; Islam, S.M.S ; Iwu, C.C.D ; Iwu, C.J ; Izadi, N ; Jaafari, J ; Jaca, A ; Jadidi-Niaragh, F ; Balalami, N.J ; Jafarinia, M ; Jahani, M.A ; Sharif University of Technology
Nature Research
2020
Abstract
A double burden of malnutrition occurs when individuals, household members or communities experience both undernutrition and overweight. Here, we show geospatial estimates of overweight and wasting prevalence among children under 5 years of age in 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017 and aggregate these to policy-relevant administrative units. Wasting decreased overall across LMICs between 2000 and 2017, from 8.4% (62.3 (55.1–70.8) million) to 6.4% (58.3 (47.6–70.7) million), but is predicted to remain above the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025. Prevalence of overweight increased from 5.2% (30 (22.8–38.5)...