Sharif Digital Repository

This paper aims at investigating the seismic behavior of strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls using a 3D finite element analysis. A series of four different configurations of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites, four different schemes of steel elements and two different schemes of concrete jacket are utilized to compare the two methods of retrofitting RC shear walls with similar dimensions and reinforcement ratios. Nonlinear simulations of the RC shear walls are conducted under the action of lateral cyclic loading in ABAQUS Explicit software. In addition, the numerical modeling for RC walls strengthened by CFRP composites as well as steel elements are validated... 

One of the important questions in mathematics is generalized. In case of metric spaces, one of the questions is: Can we extend notions of Riemannian geometry to arbitrary metric spaces smoothly? Ricci curvature is one of the most important concepts in differential geometry. Ricci curvature is defined for the Riemannian manifold and has many applications in mathematics and physics like Einstein’s equation in relativity theory. There is a good notion for a metric space having “sectional curvature bounded below by K” or “sectional curvature bounded above by K”, due to Alexandrov. Can we define the concept of Ricci curvature in metric space? A motivation for this question comes from Gromov’s... 

Seismic design codes reduce loads by using response modification factor. Because of the reserved strength in structural elements and capacity of structure to dissipate energy, structures can be designed for lower seismic loads. This factor has modified over time. In this thesis, the effect of the reduction in behavior factor on the response of two kinds of reinforced concrete systems were evaluated. Moment resisting frames and dual systems with different heights and regularity in plan, heve been design according to the behavior factor which is recommended in the 3rd edition of the Iranian codes of practice for seismic resistance design of buildings (Standard No. 2800). Drift and... 

Generally, nowadays, machine learning methods are used in many different areas for their superiority over other methods of prediction. Although being a tough task, stock market prediction with machine learning approaches is being spread due to satisfying results published ever yday. Machine learning methods usually use varied kinds of data ,including structured data such as market data, technical indicators and some fundamental data as well as unstructured one entailing text and graph data in order to enhance their predictability capacity. In this thesis we aimed to find out more about the importance and the contribution of structured data in prediction and we tried to attain a framework... 

The Use of peer-to-peer architectures instead of traditional client-server architecture can be beneficial in many aspects such as increasing scalability of the systems, enhancing fault tolerance in critical situations, extending the system resources and various other advantages. Nowadays, many applications are based on peer-to-peer architectures and as a result, a large portion of the internet traffic is produced by these applications. This has been a motivation to many researchers to focus on reducing the amount of this traffic while satisfying the content distribution demands. One of the main problems that can result in generating large amount of traffic and also long response times for... 

In today’s competitive world، web services have become more and more prevalent and their efficient discovery and composition in order to create novel functionalities is essential for variety of applications. Due to the large number of available services، the discovery of services is a difficult and time consuming task. Existing approaches in web services discovery and composition attempt to use simple web services while ignoring the use of once composed services. Reusing frequently used composite services can considerably increase performance of the entire system. Moreover، the advent of semantic web، as an effective solution of representing information interpretable by machines and none... 

Journals and conferences in computer science are the major venue for publishing new achievement in the field. It is an expert opinion that a number of top conferences in computer science are even more important than journals. In this work we aim at studying this in terms of citation analysis. To this end, we took 100 top journals and 63 top conferences and extracted their citation graph through Scopus dataset. We then constructed the citation graph in which the nodes were the journals and conferences and the links corresponded to the citations of the papers. We used various measures to rank the nodes in the graph. The ranking methods included Prestige, PageRank, Eigenfactor, HITS and SALSA.... 

Nowadays, the essentiality of appropriate modeling languages has become evident, and with the introduction of new concepts such as domain-specific languages, the need for systematic research on designing and engineering new modeling languages has increased significantly. Several modeling languages have been developed and employed over the years, but the area of modeling languages still suffers from the lack of a proper framework: There is a strong need for an engineering framework that specifies the detailed steps of language development, the input and output artifacts of each step, the techniques applicable to each step, and quantifiable methods for quality measurement. From a unified point... 

Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing is a popular distributed computing paradigm for many applications which in-volve exchange of information among a large number of peers. In such applications, large amount of data is distributed among multiple dispersed sources. Therefore, data analysis is challenging due to processing, storage and transmission costs. Moreover, the data rarely remains static and frequent data changes, quickly out date previously extracted data mining models. Distributed data mining deals with the problem of data analysis in environments with distributed data and computing resources. In this dissertation, we explore distributed data mining in different structures of P2P systems. In... 

Software Product Line is known as a process of developing family of the software together. The methods of building a software product line is trying to capture commonality and variety of this family of software and form a product line based on them. Commonality of this family of the software allows us reuse in every aspect of the development of software. Nowadays, software architecture as a one of the most important aspect of software engineering, plays major role in specifying the tasks and clearing the relationship between people. It can divide large and complex system to some sub-system and overcome complexity of the system. Software architecture forms a basis for communication among... 

Automation of the software development process is the software engineers' final goal, but with the current facilities and knowledge in software engineering, it is not possible to automatically generate the whole software. Usually all the software in a specific domain contain common behaviors, which by careful exploration of these common behaviors and automation of code generation in these sections, the cost and time of projects' execution can be reduced. According to Model Driven Development (MDD), the first step in software development is creating appropriate models. For creating models, metamodel is required; therefore, we need to create a specific motamodel for the chosen domain or use... 

One of approaches in software architecture design is using architecture styles or patterns. This approach is a suitable way for satisfying functional and nonfunctional requirements and also is cost effective. It is shown that this approach improves effectively quality of software systems. Whereas, choosing a suitability architecture style for complex designs depends on many factors and often one style cannot meet all the requirements, therefore, use of heterogeneous styles can be useful. Also, in software product line architecture design, we must combine different kinds of architectural styles to cover the problem domain and achieve better performance. Correct and accurate choice of... 

Nowadays, there exist many real networks with distinctive features in comparison with random networks. Social networks, collaboration networks, citation networks, protein networks and communication networks are some example of complex network classes. Nowadays these networks are widespread and have many applications and the study of complex networks is an important research area. In many applications, the “synthetic networks generation” is one of the first levels of complex networks analysis. This level has many applications such as simulation and extrapolation. Many generative models are proposed for complex network modeling in recent years. By the use of these models, synthetic networks... 

Applying spoken dialogue systems (SDS's) is growing in the real life more rapidly because of the advances in the design and management of these systems. The traditional touch tone computer telephony systems are being substituted by the SDS's. In a typical SDS, the user speaks naturally to the system through a phone line and the system provides the required information or performs the required action. Banking and ticket reservation are typical examples of the prevalent SDS's. A spoken dialogue system has four units: automatic speech recognition (ASR), natural language understanding (NLU), dialogue management (DM), and spoken language generation (SLG). In this work, the first spoken dialogue... 

Due to the increase in size and complexity of software systems, choosing suitable software architecture is a fundamental issue. One of the most effective ways for designing and valuating software architectures is to adopt architectural styles. An architectural style is an approach for reaping the benefits of similarities that exist between various architectures. Adoption of architectural styles in the design process of a software system assures the employment of strength points of specifications that belong to each architectural style. However, selecting a suitable architectural style depends on different criteria. Therefore it makes the ...