Sharif Digital Repository

The preparation of microcapsules containing perphenazine by solvent evaporation using ethyl cellulose is described. The microparticles are formed after solvent evaporation and polymer precipitation. The drug was dissolved in a polymer solution and emulsified into an aqueous phase to form microcapsules. To study the effects on particle size, encapsulation efficiency and morphology, three different molecular weights of ethyl cellulose (Mw=47000, 71000 and 99000) were used. Covalent bonding of drugs to polymers via hydrolytically or enzymatically cleavable covalent bond was achieved for sustained drug delivery. The release rate of perphenazine from these systems was investigated  

Unsaturated polyester/styrene (UP) resin was filled with nanodiamonds (NDs) containing carboxyl and methacrylate functionalities using mechanical mixing. Field emission SEM exhibited a uniform dispersion of tightly bound aggregates of nanosized spherical NDs with good interfacial interaction. Rheological measurements exhibited a step increment in the shear viscosity of a UP/ND suspension at 0.6 wt% ND resembling a percolation state at this loading. Shear viscosity data supported by dynamic mechanical analysis results suggested the development of effective ND particles in which ND aggregates were covered by only polyester macromolecules. Accordingly, the morphology of UP/ND composites... 

A new hybrid method based on multimode contour integral and mode matching techniques will be introduced. It is capable of analyzing any H-plane discontinuity in a rectangular waveguide. The process is based on segmentation and dividing the structure into key building blocks. We use the multimode contour integral method to analyze the blocks including irregular shape H-plane discontinuities. In opposite to traditional contour integral method, which considers only the effect of dominant mode (TE10) on wave ports, multimode contour integral considers the effect of higher order modes (TE n0) excited by discontinuities on these ports. The mode matching technique will be used to analyze the... 

The influence of sheet thickness on sheet metal forming limits is a controversial issue; while some investigations indicate the considerable influence of thickness on forming limit diagrams (FLDs), others suggest that it is of negligible importance. In the present work, it has been demonstrated that if the thickness-reduction process is chosen so as not to alter the micro structure of the material, the forming limits do not change with variations of thickness. A material which has extensive usage in sheet metal forming processes of automotive industry (St14) has been provided. The initial thickness of the sheet is 1.5mm and using grinding process (which does not alter the microstructure) the... 

In spite of the fact that the experimental results indicate the significant effect of strain rate on forming limits of sheets, this effect is neglected in all theoretical methods of prediction of Forming Limit Diagrams (FLDs). The purpose of this paper is to modify the most renowned theoretical method of determination of FLDs (e.g., M-K model) so as to enable it to take into account the effect of strain rate. To achieve this aim, the traditional assumption of preexistence of an initial geometrical inhomogeneity in the sheet has been replaced with the assumption of a preexisting "material" inhomogeneity. It has been shown that using this assumption, the strain rate would not be omitted from... 

The rapid growth in the supply chain of electronic devices has led companies to purchase Intellectual Property or Integrated Circuits from unreliable sources. This dispersion in the design to fabrication stages of IP/IC has led to new attacks called hardware Trojans. Hardware Trojans can bargain information, reduce performance, or cause failure. Various methods have been introduced to detect or prevent hardware Trojans. Machine learning methods are one of these. Selecting the type and number of input variables in the learning algorithm has an important role in the performance of the learning model. Some previous hardware Trojan detection studies have used structural gate-level features to... 

The knowledge of the conductivity across the reservoir that is based on the swept fraction controls the recoverable rates of the hydrocarbon in the secondary displacement processes. Most of the time, we need a fast estimation of the conductivity for decision making during field development. Percolation theory is a very useful tool to get this goal. According to this fact that the results of this method are universal, they could be used widely. In this study connectivity and conductivity percolation models are developed and the universal exponents for connectivity and conductivity in fractured reservoir as well as their dependency on the correlation length are investigated. For L< ξ the... 

A stress-based forming limit diagram for necking prediction which is based on the strain gradient theory of plasticity in conjunction with the M-K model has been represented and used in tube hydroforming. In this study, the finite element model for bulge forming of straight tube has been constructed and verified with published experimental data. The adaptive simulation technique is based on the ability to detect the onset and growth of defects (e.g., wrinkling, and bursting) and to promptly readjust the loading paths. Thus, a suitable load path has been obtained by applying Adaptive Simulation Method in ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL)  

The knowledge of the conductivity across the reservoir that is based on the swept fraction controls the recoverable rates of the hydrocarbon in the secondary displacement processes. Most of the time, we need a fast estimation of the conductivity for decision making during field development. Percolation theory is a very useful tool to get this goal. According to this fact that the results of this method are universal, they could be used widely. In this study connectivity and conductivity percolation models are developed and the universal exponents for connectivity and conductivity in fractured reservoir as well as their dependency on the correlation length are investigated. For L< ξ the... 

The knowledge of the connectivity across the reservoir not only helps to find out the potential oil recovery within a particular well configuration but also affects on the other reservoir engineering decisions such as infill drilling. Connectivity also controls the swept fraction of the hydrocarbon in place in secondary displacement other than the recoverable rates of the hydrocarbon. Most of the time we need a fast estimation of connectivity for decision making during field development. Percolation theory is a very useful tool to get this goal. According to this fact that the results of this method are universal, they could be used widely. During this study a percolation model is developed... 

Kieselghur-supported copper(I) chloride was found to be an efficient and convenient catalyst for the oxidative cleavage of oximes, phenylhydrazones, and p-nitrophenylhydrazones to the corresponding carbonyl compounds with molecular oxygen  

A mixture of Ni(II) and Fe(II) supported on Dowex 50W catalyses Baeyer- Villiger oxidation of ketones using molecular oxygen and benzaldehyde  

NaClO adsorbed on montmorillonite K10 converts alcohols and primary aliphatic amines into corresponding carbonyl compounds  

The pKa value for protonated forms of different benzo-substituted quinuclidines in aqueous solution has been calculated using DFT methods (MP2//B3LYP, B3LYP and M06-2X) and 6-311++G(d,p) basis set and are compared with corresponding experimental values. The results were obtained from different theoretical methods so close to the corresponding experimental values but the best agreement were achieved with B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory. The average error was found to be less than 1.6pKa unit. Relative pKa values were computed for each protonated benzo-substituted quinuclidine using quinuclidine as a reference. Solvation was included in the calculations in all used different methods using... 

The effects of resin type and content as well as graphite content on physical and mechanical properties of MgO-C refractories, such as density, porosity and strength were studied. The samples were formulated with various amounts of graphite and resin, and their oxidation behavior was isothermally investigated using a thermo gravimeter (TG), in air and at a temperature ranges from 900 to 1300 °C. The results indicated that, low-viscosity resins improved compressibility, but it degraded the strength. Higher resin content also improved the compressibility, but it caused higher porosity after preheating at 600 °C. The results also showed that the porosity and density of tempered samples were... 

The effects of graphite content on the density and oxidation behavior of MgO-C refractory samples were studied. The samples were formulated with various amounts of graphite and their oxidation behavior was investigated (in an isothermal condition); using a Thermo Gravimetric system (TG), in air and at temperatures ranging from 900"C to 1450"C. The preliminary results showed that the porosity and density of tempered samples were decreased when the graphite content was increased. However, after heating the samples at higher temperatures, the decreasing rate of porosity was lowered. At the beginning of the oxidation process, the rate of weight loss was high, but was gradually decreased when the... 

In this study, drastic influence of the intramolecular cation-π interaction on the basicity of selected amines has been considered. The optimized minimum energy geometries of different studied amines and their protonated structures were determined by using DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. Geometry optimizations indicate that the most stable structures of protonated amines are stabilized by intramolecular cation-π interaction. The proton affinity (PA) of selected amines is controlled by the strength of intramolecular cation-π interaction of ammonium with aromatic ring. These cation-π interactions strongly influence the basicity of amines. Natural bond orbital (NBO)... 

In this paper, Virtual Cathode Oscillator as a microwave generator is studied concentrating on the nonlinear behavior of the microwave-plasma interaction that introduces chaos to the output voltage and power of the generator. It is shown that periodic oscillations of the electron beam strictly depend on the two most critical characteristics of the VCO, the input maximum voltage and the cathode radius. The chaos caused by the critical values of these two parameters, could restrict the maximum possible values of the input parameters, reducing the overall maximum output values. The effects of these two parameters are studied trough PIC-code simulations. The simulation results were used to... 

In this research, cold compaction behavior and pressureless sinterability of WC, WC-10%wtCu and WC-30%wtCu powders were investigated. WC and WC/Cu powders were milled in a planetary ball mill for 20h. The milled powders were cold compacted at 100, 200, 300 and 400 MPa pressures. The compressibility behavior of the powders was evaluated using the Heckel, Panelli-Ambrosio and Ge models. The results showed that the PanelliAmbrosio was the preferred equation for description the cold compaction behavior of the milled WC and WC-30%wtCu powders. Also, the most accurate model for describing the compressibility of WC-10%wtCu powders was the Heckel equation. The cold compacts were sintered at 1400oC....