Sharif Digital Repository

Compressed sensing theory with the goal of sparse recovery using as few measurements as possible, has found much attention in the past decade. A fundamental assumption in compresses sensing is the linear nature of the measurements, that establishes a matrix equation between the unknowns and unknowns. However, in some applications, the physics of the problem may impose some type of nonlinear relationship between the unknowns and the measurements. Some solutions concerned with this type of problems,approximate the nonlinear relationship using a second order Taylor expansion. Using this approximation besides some modifications in the way the second order relationship is presented, a more simple... 

In this thesis we introduce Tropical Geometry and It’s Application in Arithmetic Geometry  

Loess as a kind of collapsible soils is a well-known Aeolian deposit, which is characterized by some specific Engineering properties including high initial void ratio, relatively low initial density and water content and high percentage of fine-grained particles. Collapsible soils such as loess, sustain large stress under dry condition. However, they experience a high and sudden decrease in their volume by reaching to their critical moisture content. As a result, their natural condition is not suitable for construction works if the possibility of the exposure of the soil to excessive water is present. This research presents the utilization of an innovative method for stabilization and... 

Like other industries and research literature, tourism and hospitality have increasingly interpreted and analyzed the vast amount of user-generated content and online reviews to address practical and theoretical issues concerning customer experience and satisfaction. One of the most underdeveloped data-driven research streams in tourism and hospitality is green restaurant research. To address the gap regarding the actual behaviors, perceptions, and anticipations of such restaurants' customers, this study first used a new advanced topic modeling algorithm to identify hidden topics of customer reviews. The result suggests that customers mostly perceive food-related green attributes when it... 

Kolyvagin’s theorem, stated in the late 1980s, is a very important theorem in the theory of elliptic curves, which, together with Gross-Zagier’s work, results in a special case of the Birch and Swinerton-Dyer conjecture, which relates algebraic and analytic properties of the rational elliptic curves to each other. Although the correctness of this conjecture, in general, is an open problem, Kolyvagin’s idea and the concepts he introduced while proving his theorem are very powerful and can be applied to more general situations. The purpose of writing this dissertation is to collect the equivalent forms of Kolyvagin’s theorem with proofs of the main results. We will also give a brief overview... 

The Internet of things (IoT) is an emerging technology, encompassing wide aspects of applications. It provides intelligent connections between objects, devices, and living creatures. The IoT devices are mostly powered by limited energy sources like batteries. Therefore, optimizing their power consumption is necessary. First, this idea will be examined from different perspectives and then its applications and challenges in various fields and areas will be presented. The IoT applications require low-cost, low-energy, reliable, robust, secure, and scalable networks. The Low-power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) is considered as one of the most potential solutions for IoT in the near future due to its... 

Due to multiple transmit-receive channels, the signal model in a MIMO radar system is usually described by high dimensional data structures. However, the desired target space (e.g. range-azimuth domain) which shall be estimated, is mainly sparse (the number of existing targets is usually small). This observation has promoted the use of sparse recovery methods in multi-target detection and estimation in such radar systems which led to introducing the concept of compressive sensing (CS) based MIMO radars. Successful implementation of CS techniques for recovery of radar scenes (for target detection/estimation) from the received noisy measurements strongly entails that the associated sensing... 

In this thesis, we provide a comprehensive overview of the efforts made towards achieving the goals of Hilbert’s program, and evaluate how successful They are. We begin by discussing Gödel’s incompleteness theorems, and then as a first attempt we present a brief presentation of Gentzen’s consistency theorem. Subsequently, various research fields that branched out from these initial efforts are explored, encompassing the application of the Omega-Rule, reverse mathematics, and self-verifying systems. Furthermore, we present the concept of “Almost Finitistic Consistency” as an alternative approach within Hilbert’s program. In conclusion, a thorough assessment of the success of Hilbert’s program... 

Considering the tremendous development in imaging systems’ industry, today we can afford to have imaging equipment, capable of taking multispectral images in very high resolution. One of the remarkable benefits of this technology is in the realm of arts and particularly in museums. Taking advantage of the potentials of multispectral, highquality imaging, curators will be able to probe their priceless works of art ( e.g. paintings ) without putting them in danger through invasive research. Besides, one can investigate and control the transformation of these works through time by using this new imaging method. Recently, Multispectral Imaging of paintings, in different frequency bands from... 

Polar codes have received much attention to the extent that they are selected as a channel coding scheme in the 5G standard. The successive cancellation list (SCL) decoder suffers from high decoding Latency and limited Throughput due to its sequential decoding nature. Another polar decoding approach is the iterative belief propagation (BP) decoder which is inherently parallel and allows for better Decoding Latency and Throughput. However, its main drawback is an error-correction performance loss compared to the CRC-aided successive cancellation list (CA-SCL) decoder. From previous works, the CRC-aided belief propagation list (CA-BPL) decoder that benefits from the parallel structure of the... 

Super-resolution means increasing the resolution so that the quality improves. This is defined for both image and video. In this regard, machine-learning based methods, especially convolutional neural networks, have shown great potential in recent years. Finding the right structure that can deliver high speed and accuracy is the key to solving the super-resolution problem.Despite the myriad of methods for image super-resolution, less attention has been paid to its generalization to video. This generalization should be such that more detail is created in the output using adjacent frames.In this dissertation, the existing methods for image and video super-resolution are reviewed, and then a... 

In this thesis, we studied the representation of Galois groups and modular forms.Also, we presented the Serre’s conjecture which has been proven in two papers published in 2005 and 2008. Moreover, the main aim of this text is presenting the Fontaine-Mazur and Serre’s conjecture  

Question answering systems are systems which get a question in natural language as input and present an explicit, appropriate answer to the question. One of the major components of automatic question answering systems is question processing component in which the input question is analyzed. The main goal of question processing phase is to determine the answer type through question classification. Rule-based, machine learning-based and hybrid approaches have been used in order to develop question classifiers among which machine learning-based ones have outperformed the others. This study’s main goal is to develop a question classifier for Persian open domain question answering systems.... 

The Sato-Tate conjecture is an important conjecture regarding the distribution of the Frobenius traces of a family of elliptic curves over finite fields obtained from the reductions of an elliptic curve without CM over a number field modulo the prime ideals of its ring of integers. The statement is that the sequence of normalized Frobenius traces should follow a semicircle distribution. It was discovered by Mikio Sato and reformulated by John Tate in terms of L-functions around 1960. A complete proof of the conjecture for elliptic curves over totally real fields was published in 2008 by R. Taylor et al. under some mild technical assumptions. In addition to the original Sato-Tate conjecture,... 

Perceptual memory used in novel vs familiar discrimination is not only vital for the evaluation of environmental variations but also essential for learning, perception, and correcting behavioral policies. On the other hand, value-based memory which allows for discrimination of valuable objects among equally familiar ones also drives behavioral interactions and decision making. Although many studies have been conducted to address the neuronal association regarding each separately, the neural correspondence between perceptual and value-based memory is not scrutinized adequately. To this end, the differential neural activation in two macaque monkeys to unrewarded novel vs familiar fractals (>100... 

Digital video is one of the biggest part of digital data. The first step of digital video analytics is shot boundary detection. We used overlapped partitioning beside color histogram in uncompressed data and macroblock type prediction in compressed data as feature and supervised classifiers for decision making. Tests on TRECVID 2006 shows 8.9% improvement of F-measure in uncompressed video and 5.3% in h.264 bitstream. Supplementary test is done on IRIB dataset which shows 5.7% improvement of F-measure in uncompressed and 3.2% in H.264. H.264 based algorithm is almost 7 times faster in comparison to the algorithm that includes decoding  

Due to the increasing spread of metal industries and the need for raw material as feed for electric furnaces in order to produce cast iron and steel, as well as scrap deficiency and rising prices, the use of sponge iron as a substitute for scrap was considered in this project Therefore, in order to achieve the chemical analysis of the sorel ingot that is special for spherical graphite cast iron production with low manganese and chromium content, the direct reduction process was carried out using tunnel kiln method on low-manganese iron ore concentrate.After the investigation on direct reduction parameters including the saggers and coal grading,the produced sponge iron has melted in... 

One of the main challenges in image processing is the reconstruction of images from their samples in the discrete domain to obtain high quality images in the continuous domain. Visual signals in the continuous domain are usually represented by discrete or digital images. This reconstruction process may not be possible in general, and we need to set some specific constraints for this purpose, such as delimiting the signal bandwidth. In this dissertation, we consider the reconstruction of binary images (black and white). These images have infinite bandwidth due to the existence of edges, and thus, the conditions of the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem do not hold. Novel methods have been... 

One of the main issues of business world is competition and competitiveness, and this cannot be happened unless one company absorb new ideas and innovations. Based on what scholars mentioned, companies should utilize users instead of professionals in order to create new innovations, and this is due to that users have better understanding of what users want. As a result, in the mobile platforms, platform owners need to know how to invoke users to create more innovative apps. In this research we were into finding important matters that increase number of innovation of users. We saw that lead-userness, toolkit support, work method autonomy, knowledge sharing, and modularity have an impact on...