Sharif Digital Repository

Carl Jung's analytical psychology is a psychoanalytic theory that has been established with the assumption of the existence of a collective and inheritable unconscious containing archetypes. The archetypes are psychic patterns that have evolved throughout human history and are inherited by human infants. Repressing these innate and universal properties can cause psychic problems for humans. Those repressed innate properties could emerge indirectly to keep the mental balance, but this may cause problems due to being out of conscious control of the individual. According to Jung's claim, remembering and accepting these repressed identities and then integrating the conscious and unconscious... 

Considering the undeniable role of technology in modern era, we investigate both the concept of technology as well as its relation as a tool with human beings. Modern technologies have had both positive and negative impact on human individual and social lives. In particular, the labor problems, environmental problems, distortion of the classic human perception of the world, and many other problems provide a very disparate perspective compare with the notion of techno-utopianism. Therefore, many contemporary philosophers such as Andrew Feinberg have made serious criticisms of technology and its consequences. Feinberg states that there is a possibility in reforming the currently derailed role... 

The problem of Origination of The Universe is one of the most important issues in the history of philosophy whether in western edition or in Islamic thought. The most problematic aspect of the Origination is Temporal Origination. From about 30 years ago as a result of the works of a famous American philosopher William Lane Craig, the debate between temporality and Eternity of the Universe became a fresh topic in western philosophy. In this research we want to survey the philosophical arguments for and against the temporality of the Universe based on the views of: W.L.Craig, Q.Smith and Allamah S.M.H Al-Tabatabaie.
 

Undoubtedly today for all scholars and intellectuals have been established in various countries to obtain the knowledge and abilities would create amassing wealth for their scientific, The twenty-first century, therefore, important to develop methods of science are two-fold.
However, in today's world, science has been faced with many problems that it solves, many scientists and philosophers of science of the mind is engaged, Despite the many advances in medical problems, for example, that there are still many problems in the treatment of diseases, And this, according to many scientists in different fields of scientific expert has been approved.
But given the history of Muslim... 

One of issues of human in this time is questions about epistemology. Human sometimes faced with this qustion that "Is it any knowledge for human being". Sometime he or she answers this question: yes and search for any knowledge around him or her. In the context of philosophy of science these question are very imortant. In philosophy of science one of major question is how many of factors in science is subjective and how many is objective? It is obvious that one of solution to answer this question is investigation of factors that construct the knowledege. Furthermore in this thesis I try to answer that question in context of Hikmat' Motealieh. In this context all of factors that involved in... 

Technology is one of the most important aspects of human life at the present time. It can be said that there is no part of human life that is not affected by technology, that is, the most important aspects of human life, namely economic, social and political issues, are independent of technological technology and technology. Technology is not independent of the social systems in which they are formed. In such a situation, one can expect from Islam as a religion claiming human guidance in the most important aspects of life, which can not be ignored by technology and its place in human life, and can provide a way to interact. Human and technology and technology development in the community. In... 

One of the tasks of philosophy of science is to study the pre-suppositions involved in the natural sciences, to study the concepts used in scientific researches and theorizing. Hence, neglecting philosophy and even the modality of philosophical views, can have devastating effects on any science, including psychology (if it can be called science). Wittgenstein believed that in psychology we are confronted with experimental methods and conceptual confusion, and that this confusion does not go away with giving the title of young knowledge to the psychology. The emergence and dominance of behaviorism can be attributed to the effects of positivism and the uncomprehensive interpretation of physics... 

For more than two decades psychologists and sociologists have been warning about the damage of new social media. in the last decade, the neurological research has been developed to provide an empirical foundation to support the above hypothesis. Much of the research has focused on teenagers and young adults as the so-called digital native and as the largest number of social media users. They hold that a significant contribution to the adolescent trend plays a significant role in the tendency of individuals toward social media, thus increasing impulsive behavior. The three parts of the brain, namely the "social cognition network," the "self-referential cognition network" and the "reward... 

One of the important questions in religious studies, is that why many people are religious or at least have tendency to religion. Some thinkers believe that religious experiences can be explained appropriately by methods based on natural sciences. In fact, we can explain religious experiences and beliefs by accepting naturalistic view. Evolutionary religious studies (ERS) is one of these doctrines about the root of religion, which claims that human nature and mind are the most important factors in religious actions and beliefs. So in order to find better knowledge about religion, we must study human mind. Human mind and nature are made through natural selection; so what is basic in religion... 

Today, for construction of UAV, designers are interested in and trying for substitution of composite material instead of metal. They would rather use composite structures due to lower costs of construction, availability, along with high ratio of strength to weight of this material, while metal structures are mainly rare and too expensive for construction of UAV. For instance, unavailability of aluminum metal and complicated methods of construction of aluminum wings with using of special tools, justifies using of composite with easier construction, abundant, and cheaper materials. The main goal of this project is redesign of aluminum wing of a jet engine UAV, In fact, by doing some structural... 

During last century, one of the most important philosophy of religious field issues, especially after 1950 was religious language. In other words, one of the most important and affective problems which could attract philosophers was religious language problem. This issue also has a history resume. Ask about religious language, at least could be seen by philosophers of Abrahamic religion like Islam and Christian. However, during last century due to philosophic attention to the language, religious language became for another time, an important problem. In this thesis, first of all, a geographic view of questions and answers will be caught by reviewing theories, from past until now. This would... 

This thesis reviews briefly historical backgrounds and contexts of Darwin's theory and summarizes and describes his arguments in the Origin, and studies philosophical issues around Darwinism. This thesis includes four chapters: chapter one reviews historical line from Greek thinkers to ninteenth century scientists; chapter two summarizes ideas and arguments in the Origin; chapter three discusses some philosophical issues briefly; and chapter four is devoted to some conclusion  

The preliminary design of building structures is normally based on the equivalent lateral forces provided in seismic design guidelines. The height-wise distribution of these loads is predominantly based on elastic vibration modes. However, as structures exceed their elastic limits in severe earthquakes, these design load patterns may not necessarily lead to efficient distribution of strength within the structures. To address this issue, several alternative load patterns have been proposed for the seismic design of non-linear structures. However, due to the simplifications involved in the development of these design load patterns, their adequacy needs to be assessed for different structural... 

This research aims to define a two-level causality by using the imagination world, in which every phenomenon, in addition to having a material cause, has an imagination cause, and of course, these two causes are the manifestation of a single thing in two different worlds; That is, everything that exists in the material world is another face of the phenomena of the imagination world. This research is presented in an introduction, two parts and a conclusion. The first part deals with Henry Corbin and his research on the imagination world, and the second part is dedicated to the role of imagination world in explaining the relationship between science and religion. In the first part, after a... 

The ambiguity in the meaning of scientific explanation has caused the philosophers to use different criteria for differentiating it from other explanations. One of the most important of these criteria is Salmon’s criterion. According to Wesley Salmon, a scientific explanation is an objective issue and it is far beyond descriptive knowledge which can be found out about the world. The index provided by Salmon for explanation as a scientific interpretation is based on two principle foundations: 1. Statistical relevance 2. Causal relation. It would be a key to understand the world better. In this paper, first, we will argue that the explanation has both objective and subjective components and... 

The study of the religious experience is always one of the most important topics in researches related to the religion field. Religious and mystical experiences have always been one of the key religious concepts. The religious experience, like other human experiences, always comes with reactions in the human brain. Study of the religious experience from a neuroscience perspective can help us to answer questions and issues in the field of religious experience and cognitive credit of it. Assessment of what happens in the people’s brain during rituals like meditation or deep concentration provides a good window into understanding of what this means for people, being mystical or religious or... 

Airlift pumps are widely used in numerous industries for different applications such as transmission of viscous fluids (heavy hydrocarbons of oil), pumping of corrosive liquids and so on. In general, parameters which affect the efficiency of an airlift pump can be classified into two major groups. The first group is the designing parameters such as the diameter of the upriser pipe or the submergence ratio. The second group is the operation parameters such as diameter of the bubble, inlet pressure of the gas and so on. One of the designing parameters which can have an effective influence on the performance of an airlift pump is the non-constant diameter of the upriser pipe, which can be... 

Nowadays, due to expansion of the cities, growth in population and developments in technology, energy demand has increased extremely. Therefore responding this increased demand is a great challenge in political and economical management of all countries. Thus in recent years, cogeneration has become so popular between experts in the energy field because of its great efficiency and performance. The goal of this research is to design a controller based on a model which can predict the behavior of the cogeneration system. This controler is called “Mode Based Predictive Controller”. It utilizes the system in such a manner which has the lowest operation costs. This goal is obtained via modeling... 

Today, several centuries after the time when science began to flourish of science, everybody is familiar with destroying consequences of modern science and technology, in addition to its achievments. Besides, domination and exclusive position of science in educational system and government organizations have marginalized alternative knowledge. Thus, some people found this trend dangerous for humankind’s fate and tried to change this situation. Nasr and Feyerabend are two philosophers that despite their different work area both criticise modern science and try to establish their own ideal scientific community.Nasr’s approach is regeneration of traditional science which was prevalent before... 

Khorjini connection is a type of connection in steel frames, in which the beam remains continuous at the intersection with column. In its ordinary form, this beam is connected to the face of column section using upper and lower angles. This type of connection is frequently used in construction of steel frames in Iran due to economic advantages and ease of fabrication. However since it is rarely used in other countries, its behavior and method of design is not described in international references and standards. The failure of the connections is a dominant type of seismic fraction in a building (The main reason of structural failures in Manjil and Roudbar earthquake – 1990). Contrary to the...