Sharif Digital Repository

In this thesis we want to discuss about a new approach about information. Using this approach, Scott Muller builds his formalism on two basic concepts: distinguishablity and symmetry. His claim is that there is an inverse relation between symmetry and information. It means that if we have a symmetric system we need less information (Than an asymmetric system) to describe it. Here, we are going to explore the role and significance of symmetry in probabilistic distributions of the double-slit experiment, and we want to show if there is a predetermined relation between symmetry and information or not.
 

Spoken language understanding unit is one of the most important parts of a spoken dialogue system. The input of this system is the output of speech recognition unit. The main function of this unit is to extract the semantic information from the input utterances. There are two main types of approaches to do this task: rule-based approaches, and data-driven approaches. Today data-driven approaches are of more interest because they are more flexible and robust compared to the rule-based approaches. The main drawback of these methods is that they need a large amount of fully annotated or in some cases Treebank data. Preparing such data is time consuming and expensive. The goal of this thesis is... 

Superconducting Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) Logic, is very fast (up to about THz) and ultra low power circuit technology and is the most recent and fastest superconducting logic family. So far one of the difficulties in RSFQ logic is associated to reading the circuit states in particular flip flops. In prevalent RSFQ logic using T1 Flip Flop gate instead of the T Flip Flop, the non-destructive reading of the registered bit is possible. Through this approach, it also has some limits in particular circuits. Another idea of resolving this issue, is considering the very new bi-directional RSFQ logic, which is based on alternative changing the bias current through the Josephson junctions.... 

Current trend of energy consumption and aging infrastructure of electricity grids mandates high amounts of investment in transmission and distribution networks. On the other hand, with increased awareness about environmental issues, share of renewable energy resources in power generation portfolio has risen in recent years. Microgrids, as one of the most promising solutions to tackle these issues, are able to accommodate high penetration levels of renewable energy sources and distributed generation in distribution systems. However, microgrids sizes are limited due to some operational considerations and as a result, efficient management of distribution systems with high penetration of... 

Clustering algorithms are developed to provide general attitudes on database, recognizing latent structures and their more effective accessibility. Recently, broad studies are conducted on clustering since it is recognized as an important tool to explore and analyze data. Clustering is a fundamental learning operation without monitoring in data exploration which divides data into groups of objects so that objects in one group have the most similarity to each other and lowest similarity to objects in other groups. Some clustering algorithms such fuzzy clustering model (FCM) are widely used in clustering problem solution although this technique addresses local optimized searches. Additionally,... 

In this thesis the problem of optimal robust fault detection has been studied. Optimal Fault Detection Filter (FDF) design, by using a Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) structure for both linear systems with polytopic uncertainties and nonlinear Lipschitz systems has been considered. In this regard, a novel LMI is introduced which is capable of calculating the maximum lower bound of H− index with great accuracy.Then, based on the parameter-dependent Lyapunov function and the property of having convexity in combination of certain state space equations, the result is extended to polytopic uncertain systems. Afterward the design of an optimal observer-based residual generator, in the sense of... 

To answer how large the welfare gains from international trade are, this thesis uses two main ideas: linkages and complementarity. A problem along the production chain can sharply reduce output under complementarity. In such a circumstance, international trade and importing in the sectors which are the weak links of the production chain, help solve this problem. Using a general equilibrium model, it is shown that, the complementarity of the intermediate goods assumption results in much higher welfare gains from international trade compared to similar international trade models which assume the substitutability of the intermediate goods