Sharif Digital Repository

Nowadays, variable generation and renewable energy resources are increasingly penetrating the energy systems to supply the users' demand at the distribution grid. Variable Energy Resources (VER) can provide energy at a lower cost, and they also guarantee cleaner energy. Still, the uncertainty and variability from these resources' output can affect the net-load of the system at each hour. Besides, the issue of energy balance has always been a challenge for the energy distribution networks. A comprehensive way to unravel this problem is to use flexible resources. One of the crucial issues in the flexibility debate is meeting this need by different energy resources. It is always an issue for... 

The process of aging is accompanied by problems that can affect the daily activities of an elderly. Recent studies have shown that the use of virtual reality technology provides a variety of diagnostic methods and clinical systems to prevent and delay cognitive aging to ensure the normal life of the elderly. In this project, efforts have been made to design some virtual reality-based games focusing on memory and recall in the form of three scenarios of finding address, finding car, and virtual-reality based maze game for the elderly to prevent cognitive decline and developing the dementia so that the difficulty of the game level ahead of each elderly can be adjusted according to his or her... 

In recent years, electric vehicles (EVs) have emerged as an effective solution to reduce pollution caused by the use of fossil fuels in the transportation sector. While EVs contribute to improved air quality, managing their charging and discharging processes is crucial. To address this, EV aggregators act as intermediaries between EVs and the power grid, primarily responsible for controlling the charging and discharging of a fleet of EVs with the objective of maximizing their profits. On the other hand, to reduce fossil fuel consumption in electricity generation, efforts are underway to transition consumers into prosumers and equip residential complexes with distributed energy resources... 

The present work has proposed an integrated methodology for combined gas & electricity distribution network expansion planning, which considers network expansion constraints (substation installation, feeder/pipeline installation, etc), load growth, and conversion technologies. The planning aims to determine the optimal reinforcement of existing energy network to meet the load growth in the planning horizon. To take the advantages of new technologies, CHP, fuel cell, & microturbine have been included in the problem.This paper employs gravitational search algorithm (GSA) to solve multi-objective problem, including minimization of cost, voltage drop, & pressure drop. GSA that introduced in... 

Optimizing and reducing energy consumption will be a feature of smart cities in the future. In addition to the technical aspects of a technology, one of the most important obstacles to its lack of development is not considering economic factors. Investigating the economics and calculating the cost of using IoT systems in the energy sectors of a smart city is one of the most important issues. Using existing systems in buildings or adding limited and inexpensive hardware to make a building smart can make smartening a cost-effective operation and more widespread. In this research, a proposed architecture based on edge processing is described. In addition to receiving and displaying camera... 

Pipeline systems are one of the cheapest ways for distribution and transportation of petroleum and natural gas. The testing of pipes used in the petroleum industry is necessary to avoid unplanned process interruptions, environmental pollution and provide good safety. One of the methods which is used for pipeline inspection is the ultrasonic non-destructive testing (NDT) technique. The use of conventional NDT techniques such as ultrasonic thickness gauging is a slow inspection process, which becomes very expensive when full inspection is needed. Ultrasonic guided waves provide an appropriate fast screening technique. These waves stress the whole pipe wall and propagate along the length of the... 

Cryptocurrency miners by solving complex mathematical calculations are responsible for verifying the transactions made in the blockchain network as well as maintaining its security, and as a reward for these activities, they receive bitcoins from the network. The devices used to mine cryptocurrency in order to perform the aforementioned calculations need high electricity consumption, so that the main cost of mining is related to its electricity consumption. For this reason, the ever-increasing development of the blockchain network, as well as the significant growth of the value of Bitcoin, has increased the number of cryptocurrency miners, especially in countries with low electricity costs.... 

The power systems’ net-load variability and uncertainty would aggravate significantly as the penetration of Renewable Energy Resources (RERs) in power systems increases. In response, power system researchers have introduced a new concept, namely flexibility, to quantitatively and systematically deal with unavoidable features of RERs. In power distribution systems as the connection point of power systems with customers, there are many opportunities for improving the flexibility level of systems. Nowadays, the emergence of prosumers has created new opportunities for distribution system operators in providing the system with different services of flexibility in distribution systems. Therefore,... 

In this thesis, the bidding strategy of prosumers in transactive energy markets is analyzed. Considering the repaid increase in utilizing installations that convert multiple energy together, the concept of multi-carrier energy studies has been highlighted. Moreover, with the advent of district heating networks, thermal energy markets have gained much attention lately. The agent who participates in such markets can appropriately benefit from the inherent interdependencies between various energy carriers depending on their prices in different energy markets. This market player is technically called to pose an energy hub. In this regard, to deploy the inherent abilities of such an energy... 

The issue of loss allocation is one of the most important issues that has long been considered in electricity networks, including distribution and transmission. With changes in distribution networks over the years and the penetration of distributed energy sources, the allocation of losses has become more of a challenge than ever before. Hence, there is a need for a loss allocation algorithm that can be implemented in any network and with any topology. In this dissertation, a new, simple and at the same time efficient algorithm for allocating real losses in all networks (distribution - transmission) and with any structure (radial - circular) is presented. This algorithm first tracks the... 

With the growing population and the development of human societies, the demand for energy increases. And it is expected that for the next few decades, fossil fuels will continue to be recognized as the main sources of energy supply and used to meet energy demand. One of the biggest disadvantages of fossil fuel consumption is the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, which raises the Earth's temperature and has devastating effects on the climate and the lives of its inhabitants. On the other hand, fossil fuels are recognized as non-renewable sources and their lifespan is only for the next few decades. Today, one of the major concerns of societies, especially in developed... 

By entering the concepts of transactive energy systems, microgrids and peer-to-peer networks into the local energy market, it has made it possible to implement local energy market in the microgrids more than ever. In transactive energy systems, with the elimination of the intermediate entity, exchanges take place directly between the different parts of the system, which results in increased system flexibility and reduced system costs. In this study, by applying blockchains in local energy market and in micro-grids and transactive energy systems, a framework is proposed to implement local energy market in an energy micro-grid based on blockchain. By using blockchain features and structure,... 

Using energy storage systems has been remarkably improved the energy systems efficiency and reliability indicators of the system and also reduced the operating costs of these systems. Thus using them in an energy system would count as an advantage. Lately, the procedure of implementation of these systems has been studied widely and various motives behind implementing them have been reviewed. For example, the effect of cost optimization in electrical vehicles on reliability indicators from the load management perspective can be addressed. Therefore this thesis has studied the effect of electrical and thermal storage systems on the reliability indicators of an energy hub and the effect of... 

An aerial structure can be at the disposal of the owners of damage or intellectual property during its lifetime, under the supervision of static and dynamic loads and providing information in the field of recognizing temperature, humidity and environmental pressure with high-speed gradient. Capable Composite patches are used to repair damaged areas. Composite patches have unique properties such as high strength to weight ratio and corrosion resistance. In structures modified with a composite patch, various failures occur during loading, including: fiber breakage, matrix fracture, separation of fibers from the matrix or the latest patch from the main structure and failure of the metal... 

In the current era, the urgent need to reduce the use of fossil fuels and limit carbon emissions has highlighted the importance of shifting from traditional gasoline-powered vehicles to electric vehicles. The evolving landscape and challenges in the field of electric vehicles highlight the importance of ensuring the safety and reliability of energy storage systems. Lithium-ion batteries play a central role in electric vehicle technology, requiring thorough research efforts. Notably, the detection of internal short circuit, a common issue in lithium-ion batteries, has become a focus of researchers in recent years. This study aims to investigate the internal short circuit fault in lithium-ion... 

Today, hybrid electric vehicles are known as one of the approaches with high potential to reduce and control emissions and fossil fuel consumption in the transportation sector, so that it can be a bridge between conventional vehicles and fully electric vehicles. One of the main weaknesses and obstacles to the widespread use of these vehicles is the habit of drivers and the lack of full evolution of the technology in the battery and its management. The one of solutions to overcome this problem is structural optimization and identification of factors effecting battery health and design of energy management system considering battery health. In this thesis, an energy management system has been... 

Energy storage systems are expected to play an important role in future renewable-based power systems. Recently, lithium-ion batteries have been attracting considerable attention as alternative energy storage systems due to their advantages. In this study, viability of battery storage systems as large-scale energy storage systems is studied in the context of a residential energy hub. A stochastic optimization problem is proposed for energy management of the energy hub where wind generation and demand are considered uncertain. In order to account for the degradation costs of the battery storage system, a data-driven State-of-health prediction model is developed based on the relevance vector...