Sharif Digital Repository

In recent years, the use of various catalysts has become a powerful tool in the synthesis of a wide range of biologically important molecules and or natural products toward the formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. In the first section, the synthesis of magnetic catalyst based on acrylonitrile was reported and an attempt was made to use an efficient support and ligand to immobilize copper metals. Then, its structure was characterized by different techniques. The catalytic activity of the prepared catalyst was confirmed in the formation of indolyl diketones and the desired products were successfully synthesized with good to excellent yields. In addition, the catalyst could... 

Objective: Stability is important to prevent falls during occupational and daily living activities. Control parameters such as speed, direction of motion and external load can affect stability pattern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the mentioned control parameters on stability control pattern.
Methods: Kinematic data (rotation angles) to 19 healthy volunteers and 19 patients with low back pain associated with repeated trunk bending motion in eight different conditions of speed (high and slow), direction (symmetric and asymmetric planes) and external load (with and without load), was evaluated. Since the volunteers do during dynamic movements, they must also be... 

In practice, to implement Federated learning on edge networks, devices must repeatedly transmit their trained models to the edge server through wireless links to update the global model; Due to the heterogeneity in the Federated Edge learning system, such as lack of power, some devices may not be able to connect to the base station and reduce the performance of the trained model or, if connected, impose a large delay on the learning process. To overcome the mentioned challenge, we propose a Collaborative Federated learning framework. In this framework, some devices can participate in Federated learning without connecting to the base station; In this way, devices that are not able to... 

Studying the dynamics of vesicles in simple shear flow is the first step to decipher the dynamics of cells in flows or the motion of vesicle-based nanoparticles in vessels for drug delivery. The deformation of vesicle in shear flow changes the permeability of its membrane and may lead to its rupture, both of which correlate with the transportation of vesicle cargos to their environment, especially important in drug delivery. The deformation of vesicles in shear flow not only depends on the physical properties of the whole system, such as temperature, but also on the mechanical properties of three media: vesicle membrane plus vesicle’s inner and outer fluid. The effect of the mechanical... 

In this study, polyoxometalate (POM) intercalated in the layered double hydroxide (LDH) was synthesized by a selective ion-exchange method. For this purpose, the nanocluster [VW12O40]3- was immobilized on the Mg2+/A13+/Cl–LDH support. The heterogeneous catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM and analysis of ICP. The LDH-POM was applied as a catalyst in efficient oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using UHP as oxidant and CH3OH/ CH¬2¬Cl¬2 ¬as a solvent at room temperature, as well as epoxidation of olefins using TBHP as an oxidants and C¬2H4Cl2 as a solvent in 84°C. This catalyst showed excellent catalytic activities for a substrate/catalyst ratio (200:1). For example, this catalytic... 

Distinguishing the structure of DNA is of outmost importance in the medicine and agriculture industry nowadays. Various methods have been suggested so far; however, high costs, incorrect results, and time-taking process are among main defects of them. Scientists try to find new ways for recognizing DNA structure and system in order to overcome such problems. One of these new methods is absorbing and passing DNA through Nano-pores in an electrolyte solution under the influence of an electrical field. The basis of this method is the ionized currents which occur due to the passing of DNA through Nano-pores. Because each DNA base pairs can form a barrier corresponding to a unique measured value,... 

In this thesis, the star formation history and evolution of IC 1613 dwarf galaxy and NGC 5128 giant elliptical galaxy has been studied. About IC 1613, our result shows that the star formation history of the galaxy is roughly constant in 5 Gyr ago and this support that the galaxy had been isolated at least in 5 Gyr ago. About NGC 5128, we can see that the star formation rate has suddenly increased in 700 Myr and 3.5 Gyr ago. This results in very good agreement with literature support that the galaxy has experienced some mergers with smaller gas rich galaxies  

This paper studies and compares the effect of "Dutch disease" in Iranian economy in two periods of rising oil price (1973-1978) and (2004-2010). The study presents a DSGE model to analysis the behavior of economic variable in both periods and to address this question that whether or not policy maker has learning behavior. The model consists of households, final goods producers who divided in tradable goods and non-tradable goods sector and the government. I use calibration methods to estimate models parameters.Comparison of simulated results and the actual macroeconomic variables in Iran during 1338-1390 indicates that, first of all Dutch disease effect occur in both periods of oil shock so... 

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is a new paradigm in computer networks for implementing network functions on general-purpose common-of-the-shelf processors. The revolutionized NFV architecture has shown to be a suitable replacement for hardware middleboxes. NFV is in high demand because of its lower costs, increased flexibility, and more scalability. However, the ever-growing volume of network traffic and increased data transfer speed in computer networks have made achieving high performance the major issue in this area. With thousands of processing cores and high memory bandwidth, Graphical Processing Units (GPUs) are potentially an appropriate solution to accelerate network... 

Membrane proteins aggregation is a very important biological phenomenon in a variety of cell functions. It has been suggested that aggregation behavior of membrane proteins is influenced by the shape of the hydrophobic domain of the proteins, proteins hydrophobic mismatch and bilayer curvature. However, in this study by means of coarse grained membrane simulations it has been found that in thermal equilibrium, protein-protein interactions also depend on protein rigidity and structural strength. Based on simulation results, we have observed stable large clusters even in the absence of hydrophobic mismatch between lipids and proteins. Interestingly, our results also indicate that proteins with...