Sharif Digital Repository

The use of Computer Science in order to categorize and store information, improve diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, patient education and the training of a skilled labor force, has taken important steps and there are constantly new developments in this area  

Simulation is the gold standard for training in aviation and trauma medicine. Now it is available for diseases diagnosis and treatment. With simulation, clinicians can practice their art in a realistic, consequence free environment, combining both theory and practice in a comprehensive program. Method and materials - In the virtual clinical environment of "VPsoft mentor" software, the practitioner reviews a patient's history, orders laboratory tests and procedures, interprets findings, renders diagnoses, and prescribes medication. Every diagnostic or treatment decision the clinician makes for the patient is analyzed by E-mentor, providing instant feedback.Results - This software have been... 

One of the most important issues in railway wheels is residual stresses. It is desirable to produce less residual stresses when possible and to decrease the remaining residual stresses in the wheels. The objective of this paper is to provide an estimation of the residual stresses in the rail wheel caused by the stress field from heat treatment process of a railway wheel. A three-dimensional nonlinear stress analysis model has been applied to estimate stress fields of the railway mono-block wheel in heat treatment process. After forging or casting, railway wheels are heat-treated to induce the desirable circumferential compressive residual stress in the upper rim. Finite element analysis... 

The robots that can move on rough terrains are very important especially in Rescue operation, exploration, etc. In this research, a mechanism is introduced for a ring-like robot with a flexible body. This robot is moved by arms which are placed radially and have Reciprocating motion in this direction. By controlling the contraction and the extension of the arms which contact lhe ground, the robot will be forced to move which is called rolling-creeping motion. The robot is stable in stationary state.; also the maximum angle which it can be stable is determined. Considering the speed of contracted arm is the input parameter, the speed of the extended arm for locomotion of the robot has been... 

Effect of alkaline metal salts on the solvent extraction of platinum from leached spent dehydrogenation catalysts (Pt/Al2O3) in aqua-regia by the Trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) has been investigated. Best salting out effect was achieved using KCl as the additive salt in which process upto 90% of Platinum extraction achieved. Response Surface methodology utilized in order to design the experiments, model the extraction process for platinum and aluminum as well as; optimize the whole process. It was shown that solvent extraction of platinum by TOPO was kinetically fast and the needed equilibrium time for it was less than 30 seconds. In the present study, proposed models for platinum and... 

This paper presents several efficient architectures of dynamic/static edge-triggered flip-flops with a compact embedded logic. The proposed structure, which benefits from the overlap period, fixes most of the drawbacks of the dynamic logic family. The design issues of setting the appropriate overlap period for this architecture are explained. The proposed overlap-based approach is compared with several state-of-the-art dynamic/static logic styles in implementing a 4-bit shift register and an odd-even sort coprocessor using different CMOS technologies. The simulation results showed that the overlap-based logic cells become much more efficient when the complexity of their embedded logic... 

We propose a hybrid graphene molybdenum disulphide-based photoconductive antenna to overcome the restrictions of metallic photoconductive antennas and graphene-based photoconductive antennas, simultaneously. The structure is composed of a hybrid graphene-MoS2 strip as the antenna deposited on a low-temperature gallium arsenide substrate. A full-wave electromagnetic solver, namely, high frequency structural simulator (HFSS) is used to analyze the whole structure. It is shown that the proposed photoconductive antenna provides us with not only high input impedance and reconfigurability but also high values of matching efficiency and radiation efficiency. The impact of increasing MoS2 layers on... 

In this paper, we report on a novel resonant THz sensor for label-free analysis. The structure consists of a silicon nitride dielectric ring resonator vertically coupled to a thin layer of graphene strip ring resonator on top. The cladding is assumed to be porous alumina on the top of the graphene strip, which enhances the interaction of the surface plasmon wave and the target molecules. Finite difference time domain analysis is used to systematically design the structure and to investigate the performance of the sensor. Our simulations show that the proposed structure has larger refractive index sensitivity and lower intrinsic quality factor with respect to the similar optical structure. It... 

In this study, polypropylene/clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending method and their thermal conductivity and the thermal conductivity of polypropylene/multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites were investigated and modeled. It is found that the thermal conductivity of the PP/Clay and PP/MWCNT nanocomposites is increased with increasing temperature. The thermal conductivity of the nanocomposites is improved due to incorporation of nanoclay and MWCNT compared with pure PP matrix  

Design and implementation of Architecture is a knowledge-driven process. Evaluation and verification the knowledge, in order to ensure its quality, have important role in improving overall design process. Furthermore, Architectural decision making is a complex and multi-criteria decision making problem in which multiple stakeholders make decisions from their perspectives causing overlaps and conflicts in the adopted decisions. Therefore, the requirement for strategies to manage these issues and also to improve coordination and cooperation among the various stakeholders to improve the overall process design is necessary. In this regard, there have been several activities that focus on... 

In this contribution a new approach to perform spatial integration is presented using a dielectric slab. Our approach is indeed based on the fact that the transmission coefficient of a simple dielectric slab at its mode excitation angle matches the Fourier-Green's function of first-order integration. Inspired by the mentioned dielectric-based integrator, we further demonstrate its graphene-based counterpart. The latter is not only reconfigurable but also highly miniaturized in contrast to the previously reported designs [Opt. Commun. 338, 457 (2015)]. Such integrators have the potential to be used in ultrafast analog computation and signal processing. © 2017 Optical Society of America  

We investigate the relation between fundamental idiosyncratic volatility and stock returns idiosyncratic volatility using data from 56 countries. We find a strong positive relation between fundamental idiosyncratic volatility and idiosyncratic volatility of returns. This association, however, seems to be entirely concentrated in the developed economies, and we find no effect in the emerging markets. Specifically, fundamental idiosyncratic volatility does not lead to more idiosyncratic return volatility in countries with poor legal institutions and weak shareholder protection laws. © 2021 Elsevier Inc  

Review of waste management models indicate that optimization models based on the chain of waste flow are developed and applied in waste management systems. These models do represent the flow of material through few stages and they lack an integrated approach that may include the flow of material from the point of waste generation in different sectors till the end point at the land fill. It is also argued that the existing models do rarely consider the interrelated issues of economics, environment and social aspects. This conclusion has been followed by the development of an integrated multi stage and multi period dynamic model of waste flow based on quasi dynamic optimization techniques. The... 

Stable control of water level of drum is of great importance for economic operation of power plant steam generator systems. In this paper, a linear model of the boiler unit with time varying parameters is used for simulation. Two transfer functions between drum water level (output variable) and feed-water and steam mass rates (input variables) are considered. Variation of model parameters may be arisen from disturbances affecting water level of drum, model uncertainties and parameter mismatch due to the variant operating conditions. To achieve a perfect tracking of the desired drum water level, two sliding mode controllers are designed separately. Results show that the designed controllers... 

Studying the reliability of cracked structures under different types of failure modes such as a mixture of Mode I and Mode II loadings has been of great importance in many applications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of different modes of loading, i.e. pure Mode I, pure Mode II and Mixed mode I/II loadings on the reliability of cracked structures via three typical case studies including 1st: through crack in a very wide plate, 2nd: cracked pressurized fuselage and 3rd: cracked fastener holes under actual geometries and loading conditions using the FORM, the fracture toughness and the equivalent SIF for Mixed mode I/II loading which is extracted by the Energy release... 

The electrophoretic mobilities of 31 isomeric alkyl- and alkenylpyridines in capillary electrophoresis were predicted using an artificial neural network (ANN). The multiple linear regression (MLR) technique was used to select the descriptors as inputs for the artificial neural network. The neural network is a fully connected back-propagation model with a 3-6-1 architecture. The results obtained using the neural network were compared with those obtained using the MLR technique. Standard error of training and standard error of prediction were 6.28 and 5.11%, respectively, for the MLR model and 1.03 and 1.20%, respectively, for the ANN model. Two geometric parameters and one electronic... 

The relative response factors (RRFs) of a flame ionization detection (FID) system and two pulsed discharge photoionization detection (PID) systems with different discharge gases are predicted for a set of organic compounds containing various functional groups. As a first step, numerical descriptors were calculated based on the molecular structures of compounds. Then, multiple linear regression (MLR) was employed to find informative subsets of descriptors that can predict the RRFs of these compounds. The selected MLR model for the FID system includes seven descriptors and two selected MLR models for the PID systems with argon- and krypton-doped helium as the discharge gases, respectively,... 

A quantitative structure-activity relationship study based on multiple linear regression (MLR), artificial neural network (ANN), and self-training artificial neural network (STANN) techniques was carried out for the prediction of gas chromatographic relative retention times of 13 different classes of organic compounds. The five descriptors appearing in the selected MLR model are molecular density, Winer number, boiling point, polarizability and square of polarizability. A 5-6-1 ANN and a 5-4-1 STANN were generated using the five descriptors appearing in the MLR model as inputs. Comparison of the standard errors and correlation coefficients shows the superiority of ANN and STANN over the MLR... 

Dirential frequency hopping (DFH) was introduced as a new technology for reliable high data rate transmission. Since the system utilizes lower transmitting power relative to the other spread spectrum techniques and also principle part of the technique, frequency transition function (FTF), is designed privately and uniformly, the scheme is said to be safe and secure. In spite of previous researches, this paper shows that an intelligent eavesdropper may threat the security of the system by finding FTF and sending jamming signal toward authorized receivers. As a result, regular DFH can not provide consumers with security in wireless networks and hence we propose that FTF should be designed with...