Sharif Digital Repository

By entering the concepts of transactive energy systems, microgrids and peer-to-peer networks into the local energy market, it has made it possible to implement local energy market in the microgrids more than ever. In transactive energy systems, with the elimination of the intermediate entity, exchanges take place directly between the different parts of the system, which results in increased system flexibility and reduced system costs. In this study, by applying blockchains in local energy market and in micro-grids and transactive energy systems, a framework is proposed to implement local energy market in an energy micro-grid based on blockchain. By using blockchain features and structure,... 

In this thesis, the bidding strategy of prosumers in transactive energy markets is analyzed. Considering the repaid increase in utilizing installations that convert multiple energy together, the concept of multi-carrier energy studies has been highlighted. Moreover, with the advent of district heating networks, thermal energy markets have gained much attention lately. The agent who participates in such markets can appropriately benefit from the inherent interdependencies between various energy carriers depending on their prices in different energy markets. This market player is technically called to pose an energy hub. In this regard, to deploy the inherent abilities of such an energy... 

The issue of loss allocation is one of the most important issues that has long been considered in electricity networks, including distribution and transmission. With changes in distribution networks over the years and the penetration of distributed energy sources, the allocation of losses has become more of a challenge than ever before. Hence, there is a need for a loss allocation algorithm that can be implemented in any network and with any topology. In this dissertation, a new, simple and at the same time efficient algorithm for allocating real losses in all networks (distribution - transmission) and with any structure (radial - circular) is presented. This algorithm first tracks the... 

Using energy storage systems has been remarkably improved the energy systems efficiency and reliability indicators of the system and also reduced the operating costs of these systems. Thus using them in an energy system would count as an advantage. Lately, the procedure of implementation of these systems has been studied widely and various motives behind implementing them have been reviewed. For example, the effect of cost optimization in electrical vehicles on reliability indicators from the load management perspective can be addressed. Therefore this thesis has studied the effect of electrical and thermal storage systems on the reliability indicators of an energy hub and the effect of... 

Cryptocurrency miners by solving complex mathematical calculations are responsible for verifying the transactions made in the blockchain network as well as maintaining its security, and as a reward for these activities, they receive bitcoins from the network. The devices used to mine cryptocurrency in order to perform the aforementioned calculations need high electricity consumption, so that the main cost of mining is related to its electricity consumption. For this reason, the ever-increasing development of the blockchain network, as well as the significant growth of the value of Bitcoin, has increased the number of cryptocurrency miners, especially in countries with low electricity costs.... 

With the growing population and the development of human societies, the demand for energy increases. And it is expected that for the next few decades, fossil fuels will continue to be recognized as the main sources of energy supply and used to meet energy demand. One of the biggest disadvantages of fossil fuel consumption is the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, which raises the Earth's temperature and has devastating effects on the climate and the lives of its inhabitants. On the other hand, fossil fuels are recognized as non-renewable sources and their lifespan is only for the next few decades. Today, one of the major concerns of societies, especially in developed... 

The power systems’ net-load variability and uncertainty would aggravate significantly as the penetration of Renewable Energy Resources (RERs) in power systems increases. In response, power system researchers have introduced a new concept, namely flexibility, to quantitatively and systematically deal with unavoidable features of RERs. In power distribution systems as the connection point of power systems with customers, there are many opportunities for improving the flexibility level of systems. Nowadays, the emergence of prosumers has created new opportunities for distribution system operators in providing the system with different services of flexibility in distribution systems. Therefore,... 

In the current era, the urgent need to reduce the use of fossil fuels and limit carbon emissions has highlighted the importance of shifting from traditional gasoline-powered vehicles to electric vehicles. The evolving landscape and challenges in the field of electric vehicles highlight the importance of ensuring the safety and reliability of energy storage systems. Lithium-ion batteries play a central role in electric vehicle technology, requiring thorough research efforts. Notably, the detection of internal short circuit, a common issue in lithium-ion batteries, has become a focus of researchers in recent years. This study aims to investigate the internal short circuit fault in lithium-ion... 

Today, hybrid electric vehicles are known as one of the approaches with high potential to reduce and control emissions and fossil fuel consumption in the transportation sector, so that it can be a bridge between conventional vehicles and fully electric vehicles. One of the main weaknesses and obstacles to the widespread use of these vehicles is the habit of drivers and the lack of full evolution of the technology in the battery and its management. The one of solutions to overcome this problem is structural optimization and identification of factors effecting battery health and design of energy management system considering battery health. In this thesis, an energy management system has been... 

Energy storage systems are expected to play an important role in future renewable-based power systems. Recently, lithium-ion batteries have been attracting considerable attention as alternative energy storage systems due to their advantages. In this study, viability of battery storage systems as large-scale energy storage systems is studied in the context of a residential energy hub. A stochastic optimization problem is proposed for energy management of the energy hub where wind generation and demand are considered uncertain. In order to account for the degradation costs of the battery storage system, a data-driven State-of-health prediction model is developed based on the relevance vector... 

Nowadays, variable generation and renewable energy resources are increasingly penetrating the energy systems to supply the users' demand at the distribution grid. Variable Energy Resources (VER) can provide energy at a lower cost, and they also guarantee cleaner energy. Still, the uncertainty and variability from these resources' output can affect the net-load of the system at each hour. Besides, the issue of energy balance has always been a challenge for the energy distribution networks. A comprehensive way to unravel this problem is to use flexible resources. One of the crucial issues in the flexibility debate is meeting this need by different energy resources. It is always an issue for... 

Hybrid vehicles have many advantages, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions, saving fuel, and optimizing energy use. Proper routing for hybrid vehicles can improve fuel efficiency, increase energy efficiency, and even extend the life of electric batteries. In this study, two routing modes, offline and online, are introduced. The offline mode guides the vehicle from the starting point to the destination by using satellite traffic data and geological information such as slope information. In the online mode, the vehicle, with the ability to receive signals from surrounding vehicles (V2V), such as a breakdown of the vehicle in front, and considering concepts such as traffic, the presence... 

This thesis proposes an energy management model for a residential prosumer building which is a multi-carrier energy hub in a grid-connected mode. Power may be bought and sold between the building energy system and the power grid. Solar panels and solar water heaters are integrated into the building's energy system to create electricity and heat, which may be used in a variety of ways: used immediately to meet the home's demands, stored in batteries and heat banks for later use, or sold back to the power grid to earn income. The energy dispatch is managed such that the overall energy consumption cost is minimized, considering the variation in electricity price (grid tariff), renewable energy... 

In recent years, various studies have been conducted focusing on the optimization and scheduling of energy hubs (EH). EH optimization is important because it tries to create synergy in the energy supply system by considering the relationships between energy carriers. For this purpose, various algorithms such as analytical methods (linear programming) and evolutionary and heuristic algorithms have been used. Also, recently, various studies have addressed the applications of reinforcement learning for energy hub management. In this study, a hybrid model for energy hub management has been developed by combining classical linear models (Known as white-box models) and reinforcement learning... 

In recent years, the high energy consumption of blockchain technology has led to the creation of major problems such as more greenhouse gas emissions and additional pressure on the power grid. In this regard, the emerging technology of flow batteries for large-scale electricity storage might be a suitable choice to overcome both problems. In this research, a novel interdisciplinary methodology has been developed to optimize the flow battery design in different scenarios of energy systems with blockchain mining electricity demand. In this methodology, a new electrochemical model was developed for the vanadium redox flow battery with a no-mixing design, and its results were validated on... 

Heat losses and pump electrical energy consumption are inevitable during the operation of a district heating(DH) network. Therefore, the appropriate design and operating strategy of a DH network is required in order to reduce the heat losses and pump energy consumption. This study is aimed at optimizing pipe diameters and mass flow rate in a DH network according to heat demand of the building in order to minimizing operating cost of the network.For this purpose first drawings of the building is modeled in Auto Cad software. Then according to the position of building to the sun, the building is modeled in Desighn Builder software. In this software the buildings charactersitics like materials... 

Nowadays, due to the rapid growth of electric energy consumption at the distribution network level and the environmental problems caused by conventional generation units, it has become necessary to provide appropriate solutions to increase the penetration of renewable energy sources and optimally manage the consumers/prosumers at the demand side of power systems. In recent years, various methods have been proposed for demand-side energy management models and distributed energy resources (DERs) integration into the distribution network. Amongst them, the transactive coordination approach that employs the economic and control mechanisms for the management of DERs and responsive loads has been... 

Proliferation of distributed energy resources and the developing of smart grid concepts are of a great importance. This, however, influences the future of power systems and necessitates more studies in order to cope with the changes. In this regard, uncontrollability issues are arised by introducing the renewable energy resources in the power systems. To address this issue, energy storage systems are used to mitigate negative consequences of using renewable energy resources. Accordingly, in this thesis, a new framework for determining the capacity and location of the energy storage systems is proposed. In addition, reconfiguration of distribution network is also concerned in order to... 

Gasoline is the major fuel used in transportation sector, even though it's environmental associated concerns and energy security problems receive, and continue to receive, much debate. On the other hand, growth in Iran's population and economy might cause an increase in the amount of cars in the market, consequently, in the transportation sector. The proposed phenomenon will bring a degree of rising in consumption of gasoline together with air pollution, especially in the big cities. Energy policy has acknowledged to be significant step in developing long-term plans across the globe. In this regard, developing policy-based methods and models are of a great importance toward forecasting the... 

A virtual power plant is defined as a set of independent consumers or diverse generating units, flexible loads and storage systems in a specific geographic area. The primary purpose of a virtual power plant is thus to coordinate the production and consumption of its constituent parts with a view to maximizing their performance in energy markets. The components of the virtual power plant that study in this research include microturbines as dispatchable power plants, storage units, solar cells as stochastic generating units, and demand-response. In this regard, first, the main components of the virtual power plant are identified. Then, the mathematical model of each of these components is...