Sharif Digital Repository

Dye sensitized solar cells are one of the cheap and available technologies that have attracted the attention of many researchers. Many factors such as morphology, microstructure, phase composition and the arrangement of photoanode electrode layers have an effect on the photovoltaic properties of DSSCs. Different approaches have been used to improve the efficiency of this type of cells. Among these approaches, we can mention the use of a mixture of different phases of titanium dioxide and the use of perovskite titanate structures as photoanodes. In the current study, the performance of nickel titanate on light absorption and electron-hole separation in titanium dioxide-based dye-sensitized... 

Since expansion of communication technology, telecommuting has gained attention from transportation planners as an approach in field of demand management. In this research, joint effects of feasibility of telecommuting for the employees of each organization and the relevant frequency of employees have been evaluated by using the copula model as the most recent conventional way of developing a joint model since the last few years. The result of telecommuting acceptance is that after presenting the project to each organization, the head employer measures the appropriateness of the project for employees and if he reaches a consensus on the success of the project, the employees get involved and... 

This project is aimed to design a controller for nonlinear systems that satisfy a prescribed performance while guaranteeing close-loop stability. To do this, the controller must be designed in such a way that the transient response of the system has had these performance indices and does not exceed them. These performance indices predefine some constraints for systems’ output.A comprehensive form for the model system, the unknown dynamics of the system, consideration of a variety of constraints on the system input, usage of the time-finite method for the residence time and consideration of just one tuning parameter to reduce the computation load, are among the other benefits for the proposed... 

The nickel-based superalloys play a key role in the development of aircraft and power-generation turbines due to their exceptional properties of high temperature strength, toughness, crack growth resistance and resistance to degradation corrosive and oxidisation environment.In this thesis, the role of base metal composition in isothermal solidification time during diffusion brazing of Nickel-based super alloys was investigated. To achieve this aim, four different super alloys Hynes230, Hastalloy X, Nimonic 263 and Monel were used in similar joining systems. Systems of H230/H230, HX/HX, C263/C263, and Monel/Monel were joined by BNi2 interlayer at 1323K and for different times, until the... 

Nowadays, the inside needle capillary adsorption trap (INCAT) technique as a solventless sample preparation approach and alternative extraction method derived from SPME is gaining rising attentions. The INCAT and needle-trap devices are inexpensive, robust, reusable, and are applicable for sampling and analyzing suitable organic compounds from many different sample matrices. Compared to the fragile silica-based SPME fiber, the needle device is nearly impossible to break mechanically. In addition, the extraction medium possesses quite a large extraction phase volume and a powerful preconcentration capability. Similar to SPME, needle-like devices are particularly convenient for automation and... 

Queue is crucial in new atmosphere of business. Firms and people see the dark side of this phenomenon. Investigation on The other side of queue is our main purpose of this study. Examining the relationship between queue and Perceived Quality, Price, Sacrifice, Value, and willingness to buy that make our conceptual framework and hypotheses is our primary objective.Questionnaire designed for evaluating construct. For each construct, standard scale was used. A survey was conducted in Iranian universities. The final sample includes 295 respondents. Regression analyses were performed.Results show significant relationship between our construct that confirm the other side of queue. Results show... 

The current study was attributed to uranium uptake by Varion-AP resin from Saghand, Iran Uranium Mine, ore leach liquor. A suitable high-efficiency system was designed for continuous ion exchange at the bench scale and the uranium uptake parameters were optimized. In this system, 1 reactors was used with a volume of 3 liters in stage with the same height difference. A leach liquor containing uranium with a concentration of between 200 and 300 mg/l was flowed from the feed storage by gravity between reactor 1 to 10 at a flow rate of 30 lit/h and Varion-AP resin was transferred in counter-current flow from stage 10 to 1 by a pneumatic pump. The output of each reactor had a screener that... 

In order to improve mechanical properties and increase the load capacity of soil so many different methods are innovated and utilized. Through This variety we can mention cement and asphalt concrete pavements which are the most common methods, cement sprinkling for consolidation of inclined surfaces and utilizing geotextiles and geomembranes which are recent methods. As far as a method becomes more common in industry, analytical study on effect of these methods on soil properties drew more attention in researches.In this research a homogenous elastic half-space is reinforced by an extensible thin plate and studied under various loads. The plate is considered as a buried infinite plane with... 

Conjugation of proteins to nanoparticles has numerous applications in sensing, imaging, delivery, catalysis, therapy and control of protein structure and activity. Therefore, characterizing the nanoparticle–protein interface is of great importance. A variety of covalent and non-covalent linking chemistries have been reported for nanoparticle attachment. Typically, a specific protein residue is linked directly to the nanoparticle core or to the ligand. As conjugation often affects the protein structure and function, techniques to probe structure and activity are assessed Characterization studies of nanoparticle–protein complexes show that the structure and function are influenced by the... 

The primary purpose of acidizing operations in the oil and gas industry is to enhance hydrocarbon production. Acidizing has been a common and conventional method for years, especially when production engineers face issues like declining reservoir pressure leading to reduced production rates. Initially, the treatment solution is referred to as matrix acidizing. In acidizing operations, different additives are combined with the acid to control its behavior in the reservoir. These additives may include iron control agents, corrosion inhibitors, friction reducers, and more. Incompatibility among these additives, the acid, and reservoir fluids can lead to severe damage to the reservoir.... 

The goal of this research is the simulation of the annular combustion chamber of the turbine engine utilized by liquid fuel. The achievement to this goal will lead to create numerical tools for parametric study, analysis and combustion chamber designing.For this reason simple geometry has been considered. This simplicity of geometry causes to facilitate in parametric study and decrease in saving time for modeling and meshing. This combustion chamber is a simplified model of engine CF6. In recent study, the k – ε realizable model has been used for turbulence modeling. For non-adiabatic condition, chemical reaction is dissolved by utilizing probability density function along with laminar...