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Gusset Plate Connectionmodels
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Shervin (Supervisor)
Abstract
Lateral forces on structures are transferred to braces as tensile and compressive loads. These loads enter the beams and columns through the gusset plates. The gusset connections to the beams and columns must be such that they be able to pass the loads through themselves. So far, five analytical models have been proposed for this connection and only one of them is recommended by AISC. These models estimate the existing forces and moments on the connection. The analytical models are: model 1 (KISS), model 2 (2A-AISC), model 3 (Thornton), model 4 (Ricker) and model 5 (Richard). Among these models, only model 3 is recommended by AISC because the others are more conservative. It should be noted...
Deposition of Nanoporous Metallic Thin Films by Sputtering and Comparing with Electrochemical Method (Electroplating)
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Rashidian, Bijan (Supervisor)
Abstract
Porous thin films have becom very atractive due to their applications in many types of electronic and optical devices. There are several methods for deposition of such films. Chemical method for deposition of nanoporous thin films are relatively simple, but usually hard to control. In this thesis, chemical deposition of thin porous Molybden films is reported. In addition, an available sputtering system has been modified and, controlled porosity thin films were then deposited on glass and silicon substrates using GLAD method.These films have been characerized, and compared with chemically deposited porous thin films
Application of Polymeric Membranes in Separation of Lube Oil Dissolved in MEK/Toluene Using OSN
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Soltanieh, Mohammad (Supervisor)
Abstract
A kind of novel nanofiltration membrane process is proposed to solvent recovery from dewaxed lube oil stream in an energy-saving way. Most of the nanofiltration membrane materials are polymeric and cannot survive harsh conditions, for example, MEK contained solvents. Hence, high solubility of most of the polymeric materials in the solvent, especially in the MEK, is a challenge to researchers. To prepare a polymeric membrane that can solve the problem integrally skinned polyaniline (PAni) membrane was cast on a woven polyester backing material, and then crosslinked in two different ways, chemically and thermally, to make the membrane resistant in MEK (methyl ethyl ketene) and toluene for long...
Fluid-structure interaction analysis of airflow in pulmonary alveoli during normal breathing in healthy humans
, Article Scientia Iranica ; Volume 23, Issue 4 , 2016 , Pages 1826-1836 ; 10263098 (ISSN) ; Saidi, M. S ; Sharif University of Technology
Sharif University of Technology
2016
Abstract
In this work, the human lung alveoli are idealized by a three dimensional honeycomb like geometry and a fluid-structure analysis is performed to study the normal breathing mechanics. In contrast to previous works in which the inlet flow rate is predefined, in this model, we have applied a negative pressure on the outside surface of the alveolus which causes air to flow in and out of the alveolus. The integration of the experimental curve of breathing flow rate was used to approximate the shape of the external applied pressure. Our Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) model has an advantage over other literature since it addresses both the fluid dynamics and solid mechanics, simultaneously. The...
Three Dimensional Fluid-structure Interaction Analysis of Air Flow and Inhaled Particle Transport in Human Pulmonary Alveoli
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Saeedi, Mohammad Saeed (Supervisor)
Abstract
The prediction of deposition efficiency of submicron particles in the pulmonary alveoli has received special attention due to its importance for drug delivery systems, and for assessing air pollutants health risks. In this work, the pulmonary alveoli of a healthy human are idealized by a three dimensional honeycomb like configuration and a fluid-structure interaction analysis is performed to study the normal cyclic breathing hydrodynamics. A viscoelastic model is used for the mechanical behavior of alveolar wall tissue. In contrast to previous works in which the inlet flow rate is predefined, in this model a negative pressure is imposed on the outside surface of the alveolus which causes air...
Critical Behavior of Neuronal Systems: an Information Theory Viewpoint
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghimi, Saman (Supervisor)
Abstract
Experiments conducted in recent two decades indicated critical behavior in neural activity at different scales. Theoretically occurrences of these critical and power-law behavior can significantly facilitate brain activities correspondent to computation and memory tasks, but attaining the critical point essentially demands externally fine-tuning which has not been established yet. This fine-tuning often lies with placing system at transition point. Recent studies of group showed that a transition from synchronous to asynchronous phase could be achievable by a change in external parameters. At the very transition point, neuronal avalanches statistically demonstrate a power-law behavior which...
Submicron particle deposition in pulmonary alveoli during cyclic breathing
, Article Scientia Iranica ; Volume 24, Issue 4 , 2017 , Pages 1975-1984 ; 10263098 (ISSN) ; Saidi, M. S ; Ahmadi, G ; Sharif University of Technology
Sharif University of Technology
2017
Abstract
The prediction of deposition efficiency of submicron particles in the pulmonary alveoli has received special attention due to its importance for drug delivery systems and for assessing air pollutants health risks. In this work, the pulmonary alveoli of a healthy human are idealized by a three-dimensional honeycomb-like configuration and a fluid-structure interaction analysis is performed. In contrast to previous works in which the inlet flow rate is predefined, in this model, a negative pressure is imposed on the outside surface of the flalveolus which causes air to flow in and out of the alveolus. The resulting flow patterns confirmed that there was no circulation in the terminal alveolus....
Geometrically modified einzel lenses, from the conventional cylindrical einzel lens to cubic and continuous einzel lens
, Article IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science ; Volume 45, Issue 5 , 2017 , Pages 828-835 ; 00933813 (ISSN) ; Yasrebi, N ; Monjezi, H ; Rashidian, B ; Sharif University of Technology
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc
2017
Abstract
New geometrical counterparts to the conventional Einzel lens, cubic, and the continuous body electrostatic (CBE) lenses are introduced and their performances are investigated in terms of different aberrations and input beam properties. Design curves for the continuous body electrostatic lens are presented. Relative sensitivity is proposed as a figure of merit, based on which the focusing characteristics of the two new lenses are compared with that of a conventional Einzel, and a quadrupole lenses of the same size, as well. Moreover, performance and characteristics of the lenses are compared in terms of their corresponding sensitivities to the applied voltage and the incidence beam...
Sandpiles and Surface Growth
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghimi Araghi, Saman (Supervisor)
Abstract
We study the Abelian Sandpile Model and its relation with surface growth. ese two models are related through their field theories and equations of motion. It has been shown that the different features of different sandpile models can be expressed in terms of the noise term in the surface growth equation. A mapping between the simplest sandpile model, the BTW model, and a surface growth has already been introduced. is surface growth has not been studied in details so far. In this thesis we study different features of this surface growth corresponding to the BTW model, continuous sandpile model and also massive abelian sandpile model. We also consider different boundary conditions
The Abelian Sand-pile Model (ASM) and Generalization to the Continuous State
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghimi Araghi, Saman (Supervisor)
Abstract
The four-page article by Bak, Tang and Wiesenfeld in 1987 was a beginning to a new wave of physicists’ efforts to explain and describe the concept of complexity; a not-so-well-defined concept that resists against the reductionist tools and methods of physics. The Self-organized Criticality theory presented in that article via a simple model, known as sandpile model, was first of all an effort to explain the numerous occurrence of power law distribution in nature. SOC was introduced to tell us why so many natural phenomena like Earthquakes, landslides, forest fires, extinction and other seemingly non-related catastrophic events, more or less obey the scale-less power law distribution; A...
Transition from Abelian Sandpile Model to Manna Model
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghimi-Araghi, Saman (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this research, we want to address the question of universality classes in BTW and Manna sandpile models. So far, number of works has been devoted to this issue but the the answer remained unsolved. We will try another approach to study this question by perturbing the original models. To this end, we introduce three models that have evolution rules between BTW model and Manna model. By simulating this models, we observe that in the presence of perturbation, the probability dis- tribution has two regimes of behaviour which are separated by a new characteristic scale. The regime of small avalanches is described by the exponent of BTW model and the regime of large avalanches by the exponent...
Generalized Growth Models
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghimi-Araghi, Saman (Supervisor)
Abstract
Edwards-Wilkinson’s equation can be achieved from a Hamiltonian. When we have the Hamiltonian for the system, there are common approaches that makes it out of critical. In other words,the ”mass” should be added to the system. In this study we have tried to simulate and solve analytically these models that are involved mass term. We try to onstruct these mass terms in a way that have a minimum impact on the system and we study the quantities that characterize the out of critical behaviors
Percolation on Small World Networks
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghimi Araghi, Saman (Supervisor)
Abstract
Percolation is a phenomenon that can be found in many physical problems. Additionally, as a statistical model, it has a very rich physics, since many fundamental concepts in the context of critical phenomena and complex systems-such as phase transition, scaling laws etc can be found in the model. Percolation phenomenon can be defined on different lattices. In this thesis we study percolation on small-world networks. In small-world networks, in addition to local bonds that connects the neighbouring sites, there exist some long-ranged bonds that connect cites far from each other. Social networks, some networks of internet or the gene networks are examples of such networks. Therefore, to study...
Chaos in Sandpile Models With and Without Bulk Dissipation
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghimi-Araghi, Saman (Supervisor)
Abstract
A complte set of characteristic parameters of the sandpile models is still unknown. We have studied the existence of ”weak chaos” critical exponent in different sandpile models and we have shown that it is a characteristic exponent of deterministic models. We have shown that BTW and Zhang models do not belong to the same universality class (contrary to Zhang’s previous conjecture and contrary to Ben-Hur & Biham’s results.) Also we have shown that directed models, specificly Ramaswamy-Dhar’s directed model form a different universality class. ”Weak chaos” exponent in also studied in massive models and we have shown that by increase of dissipation, the exponent decreases rapidly to an...
Simulation of the Self-organized Critical Models on the
Human’s Brain Network
,
M.Sc. Thesis
Sharif University of Technology
;
Moghimi Araghi, Saman
(Supervisor)
Abstract
Self-organized critical phenomena are interesting phenomena which are ubiquitous in nature. Examples include mountain ranges , coastlines and also activities in the hu-man's brain. In these processes, without fine-tuning of any external parameter such as the temperature, the system exhibits critical behavior. In other words, the dynamics of the system, drives it towards an state in which long range correlations in space and scaling behaviors can be seen.The first successful model which could characterize such systems was BTW model, introduced by Bak , Tang and Wiesenfeld in 1987. This model, later named Abelian sandpile model, was very simple and because of this simplicity, a large amount of...
Fluctuations in the order of System Size in the Avalanche-Size Distribution of Sandpiles Model
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghimi Araghi, Saman (Supervisor)
Abstract
Since the concept of Self-Organized Criticality was introduced in terms of BTW Sandpiles model, its major features have been known as broad power law distributions without any tuning parameters. In some selforganized critical systems like brain and neural networks, some evidences and experiments show a periodic or non-power law distribution of avalanches in addition to the power-law distributions of avalanches. In this thesis we try to observe the same phenomenon in the well-known SOC models, namely the BTW and Manna sandpile models. We have considered small lattice sizes with periodic boundary conditions and a small amount of dissipation. Within such conditions we observe a periodic-like...
Burridge-Knopoff Model with Nonuniform Parameters
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghimi-Araghi, Saman (Supervisor)
Abstract
Power law behavior of earthquakes has been a matter of interest for many scientists. One on these power laws known as Gutenberg-Richter law describes the magnitude distribution of earthquakes. The Burridge-Knopoff model of faults, produces the same power law distribution of events as the Gutenberg-Richter law for earthquakes. Olami, Feder and Christensen in 1992, introduced a 2-D, continues sand pile model Known as OFC that displays self-organized-criticality. They claimed that this model is equivalent to Burridge-Knopoff model. It means that criticality is the origin of power law behavior of the Burridge-Knopoff model. Nevertheless, there are some evidence against criticality in the...
Mullins-Herring Equation with Lateral Growth
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghimi Araghi, Saman (Supervisor)
Abstract
Surface growth have been one of the most interesting topics of research in non-equilibrium Statistical physics, due to their relevance in studying industrial growth processes. Many models such as Edwards-Wilkinson and KPZ have been proposed to study these systems where by incorporating renormalization group, numerical integration and computer simulations we can derive their critical exponents. In general, a thermal noise is implemented in these models, however, other types can be used as well. In particular for the case of Edwards-Wilkinson, it has been shown that a multiplicative noise changes the universality class of the model. In this thesis we want to investigate the effects of...
The Role of Simplified Models for Neurons in the Emergence of Collective Behaviors in Neuronal Populations
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghimi Araghi, Saman (Supervisor)
Abstract
The brain, as a complex system with various components working in concert, plays a fundamental role in many cognitive processes and human perception of the surrounding environment. Perception, in many cases, can differ from reality due to evolutionary processes, natural selection, or even flaws in any of the parameters within this complex intelligent system. One of the observed phenomena in perception is the heightened visibility of edges, often depicted with Mach bands. To describe this phenomenon, primarily, rate models are used, especially in regions where a linear approximation is suitable for neuronal responses. However, the response of neuronal populations in a range of external...
Investigating Scaling Behaviour of Avalanches in Sandpiles on Small-World Networks Using the Renormalization Approach
,
M.Sc. Thesis
Sharif University of Technology
;
Moghimi Araghi, Saman
(Supervisor)
Abstract
The Manna sandpile model is a significant and widely-used model in the study of self-organized criticality. Various avalanche-related quantities, such as area, size, duration, and others, exhibit power-law distributions with finite-size effects. It has been demonstrated that this model exhibits simple monofractal behavior on both regular lattices and random networks, and the finite-size scaling (FSS) hypothesis holds for the avalanche distribution functions. On the other hand, it has been observed that a wide range of natural and human-made networks are small-world networks. Consequently, studying the Manna sandpile model on such networks and understanding its features and behavior can...