Sharif Digital Repository

Nowadays embedded system play an important role in human life. The majority of these systems work in harsh environments which intensifies the importance of fault tolerance in embedded systems. This capability is usually achieved by adding redundancy to the system. But common embedded systems are weaker than desktop and server systems and probably have a limited source of power which makes the redundancies expensive. Hardware fault tolerant techniques impose significant cost to system and increase the development time which makes software-only solutions more attractive. An important general purpose software-only technique in protecting the application data is EDDI. This technique is based on... 

Real-time embedded systems play an important role in many areas of human life and energy consumption is an important constraint in their design. In these systems, SRAM-based on-chip scratchpad memories are used for holding code or data which suffer from high leakage power and low capacity per transistor. This has persuaded researchers to find alternative solutions and in recent years non-volatile memories have attracted a lot of attention. Compared to conventional memories like SRAM, non-volatile memories consume less leakage power and provide more capacity given the same number of transistors. In this dissertation, we propose new solutions for reducing the energy consumption of real-time... 

Magnetron is one of the microwave-generating devices that operates based on the microwave-electron flow interaction in the active region of the tube, which is affected by the resonant cavities and It is used in a wide range of power (from kW range at home microwave ovens to several GW in relativistic high power magnetrons and the frequencies from the order of few too MHz to tens of GHz). Although nowday's low-power generators based on transistors have replaced microwave generating tubes and even MW radio transmitters are made based on the combination of semiconductor microwave generators, but in the production of RF pulses at higher frequencies and powers, the electron tubes are the main... 

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the linkage between two constructs about teamwork activities. One of them is "self-leadership in teamwork", the extent to which a person could control and manage his thoughts and activities in teamwork. The other is "shared leadership orientation", which is about orientation of people to contribute in leadership processes. This linkage evaluated with consideration of "self-efficacy in shared leadership" as a moderator.
Questionnaires of self-leadership in teamwork and self-efficacy in shared leadership elicited from literature with a little change and shared leadership questionnaire developed in another study by the author.Questionnaires... 

Women are going to play more important roles in the economy of most countries including Iran. Hence, since the number of entrepreneurs among women is increasing, identifying characteristics and other factors that cause these group to be successful, is a critical issue. Studies show that entrepreneurs, especially women entrepreneurs, face numerous problems in their career. These problems are especially more demanding in societies with unique cultural attributes. Therefore, applying personal and managerial solutions in order to overcome these problems are necessary. On the other hand, researchers believe that one of the most effective and beneficial concepts helping entrepreneurs in their... 

The present study was performed aiming to identify the ethical dilemmas human resource managers confront with in Iranian project-based organizations as well as to trace out the underlying causes. “Ethical dilemma” refers to a decision making situation in which ethical considerations render all the alternatives inapt, thence making the decision making process ethically complex. First of all, a theoretical framework was developed based on the preceding research; then, the study was further conducted utilizing a qualitative research method with an exploratory approach. The data were collected using in-depth interviews and analysed using the theme analysis method. The corresponding interviewees... 

Using Distributed leadership framework while studying the leadership phenomena in teams, especially in educational environment, has received more attention by scholars in these years. Although the results of these researches indicated positive consequences mostly, the need for exploratory studies to identify situational and contextual factors in distributed leadership effectiveness has been mentioned. In other words, it has been suggested that the effectiveness of distributed leadership in teams may be affected by situational and contextual factors. In the current multiple case study, after the initial study of leadership and its functions in some schools of Sharif University of Technology,... 

The influence mechanisms of executive/non-executive board compostion on board’s attribution style have been explored. In two case studies, I have examined boards’ causal interpretation about a critical incident which had a significant impact on firm performance. A qualitative research approach has been taken in the case studies. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with all board members and was analyzied with the theme analysis method. According to the results, board of directors’ collective attribution formation process can be devided into three stages of members’ expression of information and facts at board meetings, forming the individual judgements of members and at... 

Career Orientations or career choices, can be affected by internal and external factors. External factors are the environmental conditions that the reward and the attractiveness of selecting a career choice are dependent to them. Internal factors include the needs of oneself from his/her job, his/her beliefs and his/her skills and competencies about the job. In this research the internal antecedents of managerial and technical orientations between programmers have been identified. On the other hand the perception of people about the compensation system as an external factor which can affect the mentioned relationships, have been analyzed. It seems that this is the first research which career... 

Voluntary turnover has direct and indirect expenses for organizations and for this purpose; it has one of the richest literatures in academic works. Due to the especial role of knowledge workers in organizations, these expenses in knowledge-based organizations are more important and more costly than that of other organizations. One of the latest theories in the field of voluntarily turnover was introduced by Lee and Mitchell (1994) that was named “Unfolding Model of Turnover” to describe the process of decision of voluntary turnover. This theory is distinguished from its similar theories from two main aspects: First, they introduced new elements like shock. Second, they introduced... 

The measure of success in a company is determined by a high performing workforce that demonstrates the competencies necessary to drive the business success, while meeting the organization's strategic goals. This is where competency-based human resource management becomes important. The main factor contributing to the above noted area is the identification of core competencies. There has been a lot of research in this area during the past few years. Each research demonstrates an approach for the development of critical human resource competency models in an organization. In order to determine the foregoing competency model, the early studies in this area have been focused on the distinction... 

The goal of this study was to realize how the younger generation's perceptions of the authenticity of senior managers in knowledge-based firms affects the components of their employer brand on social media. For this reason, the perceptions of managers' authenticity from the perspective of the younger generation on Instagram, as an example of social networks, was investigated in the first stage of the study. The mechanisms of effectiveness of the identified components of authenticity are sought in the second step, in shaping the components of the manager's organization's employer brand. To attain the research goal, an exploratory approach was taken conducted, and a qualitative research method...