Sharif Digital Repository

Nowadays filtration process is increasingly used in various areas such as water purification, food industries, filtering the air dust and other separation applications. In this work, the HDPE microporous filters have been fabricated at different temperature, pressure and time conditions via sintering process and then were characterized by different techniques. It can be expected that microstructure and mechanical properties of the samples could be controlled by changing the fabrication parameters of the process and also by changing the properties of the resin such as powder shape, particle size and rheological properties. In the first step, by using DSC, MFI, rheology test and optical... 

To reduce material consumption needed in production as well as avoiding thousands of tons of contaminations produced by spent materials in the battery industry, recycling was taken into consideration. In this study silica was recycled from spent lead-acid battery separators by the pyrolysis process. silica along with high-density polyethylene (HDPE), can be used as supporting material for fabricating form-stable phase change materials (FSPCM). FSPCMs are of great ability to be used as thermal energy storage (TES) in different parts of a building e. g. wallboards to reduce energy consumption. In this line, an eutectic mixture of lauric acid, palmitic acid and paraffin with the melting point... 

Polyethylene is one of the most widely used industrial materials for producing water and gas pipes due to low pricing and mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance. Various parameters such as molecular weight and the short chain branches distribution strongly affect the mechanical properties of these materials. PE100 grade of this material has been introduced with bimodal molecular weight distribution, has excellent mechanical properties and especially high creep resistance and today is used for pipe production in water distribution systems. In the first part of this study, the effect of 1-butene comonomers on different properties of three PE100 and two PE80 resins produced in... 

Polymers are divided into two categories: thermoset and thermoplastic. Thermoset polymers cannot be reprocessed and deformed due to their network structure and permanent and rigid crosslinking connections. Vitrimer materials that have been proposed in recent years; In addition to maintaining their network properties at low temperatures, they have the ability to change shape and reprocess at high temperatures. Therefore, the production of Vitrimer materials can be a suitable solution to reduce the amount of plastic waste produced. These materials consist of a dynamic covalent network in which vitrimerization reactions are performed between different functional groups. The basic polymer used... 

The World Health Organization's annual statistics show that 83% of wounds are caused by bacterial infections. Diabetic ulcers affect approximately 28 million people worldwide. The use of antibacterial dressings can help control infections. Recent studies have found that electrical stimulation can accelerate wound healing. However, there is still a need for interventions that speed up epithelial tissue formation. New dressings with zinc and silver particles that have electrical activity are being developed, but research on these methods is limited. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have been used as antibacterial agents due to their unique surface properties. This research aims to use these... 

In recent years, Jam Petrochemical has produced and designed irrigation tape polyethylene grades but because these grades don’t have sufficient melt strength during high-speed processing, it hasn’t been welcomed by manufacturers. Therefore, in first step of this study we tried to characterize the specimens by using referenced grade and by taking advantages of thermal, rheological and mechanical analysis. We observed that main difference between jam petrochemical grades and referenced grade is related to type and content of comonomer and also long chain branches. Based on the obtained results, the ideal molecular structure of irrigation tape grade, include chains with bimodal distribution... 

Among the plastics produced around the world, polyolefins are the most used in human daily life and make up about two-thirds of the plastics produced in the world. Also, the most plastic waste is related to polyolefins, which are non-biodegradable plastics. One of the things that have challenged the recycling of polyolefins by traditional methods such as mechanical recycling is the loss of mechanical and rheological properties as well as their degradation. One of the methods of improving properties and postponing degradation is the use of vitrimerization reactions, as a result of which, in thermoplastics, a compatible covalent network is created, which gives the plastic the ability to behave... 

Sustainable development is a crucial objective in contemporary human societies, particularly in the production of polymer materials. One of the key pillars in achieving this goal is the preservation of the environment through the use of eco-friendly additives in polymer production, especially elastomers. The aging of rubbers (elastomers) due to environmental factors such as heat, oxygen, ozone, and UV light is inevitable. However, antioxidants are employed to delay this aging process and extend the performance life of rubber compounds. In this study, extracts from green sources like green tea and grape seeds were evaluated for their antioxidant properties using the DPPH Assay and EC50... 

Polycarbonate is one of the thermoplastic engineering polymers, which due to its desirable properties of high resistance, high toughness, thermal insulation, non-flammability and resistance to ultraviolet rays (UV) have many applications in the construction industry, medicine, transportation industry and transfer. and has electronic components. One of the disadvantages of polycarbonate is the high cost of raw materials for its production. Therefore, due to the fact that this polymer and its high volume of production and the low cost of recycling, it finds its recycling. The characteristics after recycling and during it, due to exposure to high environments and mechanical destruction and... 

Polyethylene is the most widely used plastic material in the world for reasons such as lightweight, good strength, good processability, low cost, and low maintenance cost, and very good chemical resistance. One of the applications of polyethylene that has received much attention in recent decades is its use in the manufacture of hot water pipes. To maintain the properties of polyethylene at high temperatures, it must be crosslinked at a proper level. Appropriate antioxidants should be used to prevent the degradation and oxidation of polyethylene during the process as well as long-term operation. Concomitant use of phenolic antioxidants for long-term stability during service and phosphorus... 

Creating sustainable development in today's human societies is essential, one of the pillars of achieving this important goal is environmental protection. Thus, waste management as a new challenge is leading engineers. Lead-acid battery waste is one of the sources of environmental pollution. Lead-acid battery separators contain 50% recyclable nanosilica. The main challenge of recycling nanosilica from separators is the presence of significant amounts of 6 to 9% wt.% of lead and 5% by weight of other impurities. Therefore, in the present study, lead trapped in the separating pores is removed using mechanical washing or abrasive washing. Then, the quality of recycled nanosilica is evaluated... 

Recently, macroporous polymers have gained wide acceptance for applications such as filters, membranes, biodegradable scaffolds, retention media, sound mufflers and etc. In this research, by keeping in mind the importance of the pore structure in the functionality of the porous part, three dimensional images of the pore structure during sintering was obtained using an optimized manual serial sectioning technique. Then, using the Euler number as a property of the topology of the pore surface, evolution of the three dimensional pore structure was scrutinized for two types of powders, powder A with a mean particle size of 200 micron and melt flow index of 0.2 (g/10 min) and powder B with a mean... 

Polymeric film for packaging applications are commonly made from a variety of polyethylenes using a blown film process. Nowadays high density polyethylene with bimodal molecular weight distributions are used to improve the performance and the final properties. In the present study samples with different bimodal molecular weight distribution in a similar film preparation are developed. The EX5 sample from the Jam Petrochemical showed microstructure with heavily oriented stack of lamellae in the machine direction. In contrast, the 7000F sample from the Mehr Petrochemical presented a microstructure with a lower degree of lamellae, containing lamella twist and more link between the crystalline... 

In Lithium ion batteries, the separator is membrane that placed between the cathode and the anode is one of critical components. Its primary function is to effectively transport ionic charge carriers between two electrodes as an efficient ionic conductor as well as to prevent the electric contact between them as a good electric insulator. The separator does not involve directly in any cell reactions, but its structure and properties play an important role in determining the battery performance. Commercially available polyolefin separators low cost, good electric resistance, high electrochemical stability, and effectively prevent thermal runaway caused by the electrical short-circuits or... 

In this project, all-cellulose nanocomposites for smart packaging of meat products were synthesized via film casing method. These nanocomposites were aimed to provide visual response to pH change, which occurs due to decay of the meat products. The prepared nanocomposites would be placed inside the packages to be in direct contact with the products and could improve shelf life the products with the help of antibacterial natural extracts incorporated in the samples.Synthesis of the samples started with cellulose nano whiskers synthesis via acid hydrolysis. The prepared nanoparticles were then characterized with XRD, DLS, and Zeta potential analysis. It was shown that a big portion of the... 

Graphene is two dimensional nanomaterial, single layer of carbon atoms that exhibited excellent properties like high electrical conductivity and stiffness, but producing graphene and obtaining a good dispersion of graphene in a polymer matrix is still a major challenge. In this study by using the electrochemical route several graphene with different degree of oxidation produced in different electrolyte medium. According to XRD data, product of electrochemical exfoliation in dilute HNO3 medium includes 50% few-layer graphene (5 layers) and 25% GO and the rest are multi-layer graphene. Nonsolvent induced phase separation method were used to prepare TPU/Graphene nanocomposite. Different methods... 

Polypropylene is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic used in various industries and the second most used polymer globally. Polypropylene is sensitive to degradation by o agents due to having tertiary carbon in its chain. Chlorine-based disinfectants, used to disinfect drinking water, cause the degradation of hot water pipes made of polypropylene random copolymer. The stability of polypropylene against oxidizing chemical agents depends on the type of crystalline phase and polymer morphology. This research investigated the effect of alpha, beta, and gamma crystalline phases and spherulite size on random polypropylene copolymer's chemical stability in chlorine dioxide. Three samples were prepared,... 

In recent years, environmental concerns regarding the removal of pollutants such as organic dyes and heavy metals from water sources have increased significantly. In this regard, hydrogels based on natural polymers have attracted considerable attention for water treatment applications due to their biodegradability, low toxicity, and desirable stability. Hydrogel beads, with their highly porous structure, provide high adsorption capacity and rapid adsorption kinetics. In this study, hydrogel beads based on alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymers were fabricated as mixed and hybrid composites in the presence of zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) and diatomite fillers. For this... 

Polyethylene, due to its low production and maintenance costs, light weight and excellent chemical resistance, is the most widely used material for production of water and gas transfer pipes. Pipe grade polyethylene (PE100) with bimodal molecular weight distribution has excellent mechanical properties, especially long-term creep performance. In order to prevent UV degradation, carbon black is added as masterbatch to PE100 to produce black compounds, which acts as most effective industrial UV stabilizer of polyethylene. Five PE100 black compounds and one white PE100 as reference sample were produced using a twin-screw extruder. Rheological, melt flow DSC, TGA, FE-SEM and tensile tests were... 

Polyethylene is one of the most widely used polymers for the production of drinking water pipes. The presence of chlorine-based disinfectants in drinking water leads to long-term chemical destruction of pipes and sometimes reduces the life of pipes by half. Therefore, it is very important to investigate various factors affecting the chemical resistance of polyethylene pipes. The crystalline microstructure of the substance is affected by the average molecular weight, type and distribution comonomer on the chain, is one of the important and influential factors on the chemical resistance of these species against chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant. In this research, the chemical resistance of...