Sharif Digital Repository

Gorgan Bay and Miankaleh Wetland are considered as one of the biosphere reserves and among the areas of international importance in the Ramsar Convention, thus they have great importance. These two inseparable zones are located in the southeast of the Caspian Sea and are connected to the Caspian Sea through Chapaghli Canal and Ashuradeh Canal. The health and water quality of this area has undergone many changes over the years, and the re-reduction of its water level has caused concern among environmental activists. Since Miankaleh wetland is a shallow and semi-enclosed water area that is connected to the Caspian Sea through two narrow canals, pollutants that enter it from land will have a... 

By new advancements in vehicle manufacturing; vehicle quality evaluation and assurance has become a more critical issue. Today noise and vibration generated inside and outside a vehicle are more important factors than before. In present work, the vibration transfer path analysis and vibration path ranking of a car interior has been performed. The method is similar to classical multilevel TPA methods but has distinct differences. The method is named VIVS which stands for Vehicle Interior Vibration Simulation. Performance of some tests like chassis dyno test, virtual mass function test and body transfer function test are required in this approach. The accelerations on both sides of the engine... 

EOR (oil enhanced recovery) is very important as oil is a nonrenewable resource. Depending on the characteristics of the rock formation, primary production can result in the recovery of up to 20% of the oil originally in the rock. This means that at least 80% of the oil may remain in the rock unless additional technology is used to increase the recovery. Before finding best way to do for EOR, scientists must study properties of different porous media that oil is trapped between its grains. Most of research and studies investigate networks of porous media but this work focused on oil movement through a pore space in porous media lonely not in network by waterflooding. Studying a pore space is... 

Condition monitoring and operation optimization framework of water and energy hybrid systems has been developed in the present research work, by taking into account the variation in behavior of the system over time under changing environmental conditions. System modeling is performed using the physical laws governing the behavior hybrid energy-water system. In addition, machine learning has been used to estimate the deviation of the mathematical model from system operation, which may be due to the effect of depreciation of machinery parts and other uncertain parameters. Using machine learning and mathematical modeling together results in increased accuracy in predicting system behavior over... 

Control charts have always had an undeniable role in Statistical Control of processes in many fields. The growth of quality characteristics to be monitored, has led to the vast utilization of multivariate control charts. These variables are characterized by relatively high correlation between them. The complicated structure of measured variables has lessened the reliability of conventional control charts. Projection methods have been developed to address the problem of high correlated variables by transforming the correlated variables to an uncorrelated set of variables. Among them, Principal Component Analysis based control charts have been widely used to overcome the problem of correlated... 

After carbon and hydrogen the most existed element in crude oil is sulfur which is appeared as sulfur compound in fossil fuels. Sulfur might be converted to hydrogen sulfide by hydrodesulphurization operation. The increasing demand for sulfur removal has required large improvements in hydrodesulphurization technology.Most hydrodesulphurization processes use fixed-bed reactors, however, there are still some disadvantages with performing hydrodesulphurization in these reactors. The most important one is high exothermic nature of hydrodesulphurization process which cause some problems for catalyst in these reactors and decrease the performance of catalyst. In order to solve the temperature... 

Removing nitrogen, as one of the most important contaminants of surface and ground water, needs to be considered. Since this material minimizes water quality and makes it useless. On the other hand, many industries as refineries have saline wastewater which their salinity removal is not economical by physical and chemical methods and is often impossible. Although biological treatment of saline wastewater has its problems, biological nitrification and denitrification are efficient and economical methods for nitrogen removal from industries saline wastewater. In this research, moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) adopted from Modified LUDZACK – ETTINGER (MLE) method has been used in order to... 

By increasing of population, migration to urban area and industrial development, the concern of environmental pollution becomes more important. Wastewaters are one of the polluting agents which should be collected, treated and reused in a safe and healthy condition. Generally wastewater treatment systems are classified into two major groups, namely aerobic and anaerobic treatment systems.Anaerobic fixed bed reactors are used for decreasing the organic load of wastewater. Enhancement of microbial retention time by attaching the organisms to packings is the most significant advantage of this bioreactor which increases the removal efficiency of organic materials of strength wastewater.In this...