Sharif Digital Repository

The research examines the influence of Kant’s practical philosophy on John Rawls’ theory of justice, under the concept of “autonomy”. In the initial chapter, foundational concepts of the study such as “autonomy” and “duty” are discussed in detail within the context of prevailing views in moral philosophy, particularly deontological ethics. The overarching idea of this chapter is to establish a general conceptual framework for posing the main research question. The second chapter of this research specifically and independently elucidates Kant’s practical philosophy and clarifies his interpretation of the concept of “autonomy”. The aim of structuring this chapter is to demonstrate that... 

Since the construction of the first models of internal combustion engines in the nineteenth century, efficiency and, since the late twentieth century, pollution and fuel consumption has been the main issue for researchers and manufacturers who have always sought to improve it. Manufacturers of internal combustion engines are required to perform numerous tests to carefully study and increase the level of technology and reliability of their products. There have been two ways for them to do this; the first way is to use the experimental method; that is, making multiple samples that require a high cost that makes it impossible. The second way is to use engine simulation software, which can be... 

Expansion of using social networks for reading and sharing news on the one hand, allows for quick and easy access to the news, but on the other hand, increases the spread of fake news and misleads many users. Therefore, identifying the fake news and attempting to mitigate its spreading on social networks is one of the major research areas in recent years. An important issue in this regard is reducing the time gap between news release time and identifying it as fake and starting to take action. Many researches has been done on detection of fake news, but since there is a trade-off between minimizing the time gap and maximizing accuracy, work on these models continues. There are also different... 

This thesis concerns the modeling of precipitation processes aimed at predicting product particle characteristics especially particle size distribution. A mixing-precipitation model (based on SFM) linked to the population balance is used for a single-feed semi-batch precipitation process to describe the mixing effects on the final particle-size distribution (PSD) and mean size, considering the agglomeration mechanism. The model describes mixing on two zones: the feed and bulk zone with different levels of super saturation. To solve a full population balance equation containing nucleation, growth and agglomeration, discretization method was performed witch is more accurate and low... 

The aim of this study is the fabrication of 3D porous PCL scaffolds contain core-shell fibers for cartilage tissue engineering. The novel fabrication method is co-axial wet electrospinning simultaneously. These tablets like scaffolds have superior porosity and pore sizes for cell culturing and cell-cell interaction as they have good mechanical properties for cartilage tissue engineering in comparison to 2D electrospun scaffolds. The structure of these 3D scaffolds is mimicking the ECM of cartilage. This study presents the coaxial electrospinning of PCL nanofibers encapsulated with bovine serum albumin and platelet rich plasma for demonstration of controlled release and bioactivity retention,... 

This paper is concerned with the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) in a fleet with customer loyalty. In this work, we consider priority for customers according to their loyalty and try to declare an objective function which concerns customers' satisfaction along other normal VRP objectives like route optimization  

Magnetic resonance imaging is one of non-invasive methods to measure the hemodynamic and morphologic parameters of tissues, especially brain tissues. Hemodynamic parameters monitoring in brain tissue is of significant importance in many majors such as detection of tumor occurrence, brain abnormalities, and track of treatment procedures. Blood is a suspension, comprised of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelet, etc. Plasma is a Newtonian fluid which is composed of proteins and has a constant viscosity in body temperature. Rheological properties of blood are highly dependent on mechanical and rheological properties of its cells and this dependence is multiplied in narrow vessels... 

As demand for floght has been incrased, a critical questin to pose is that is it economic to use larger Ailplanes or smaller Airplanes with higher flight frequency should be use. It is self evident that in a large Airplane the whole seats can not be accupied in all cases. Conversly, in small Airplanes, in most cases the seats are accupied but for aqual demand there most be more flights.In order to increase the number of flights, new methods should be used in such a way that smaller Airplanes live the Runway as soon as possible.In this project with modelling all effective factor regarding to Landing of a commercial FAR_23 Airplane, the Landing distance and thr erquired time for living the... 

Prediction and prevention from asphaltene deposition is an essential topic in oil production systems that can enormously increase oil production costs. Many studies have been done to understand and predict the behavior of asphaltene-containing oils. Prediction and investigation of asphaltene precipitation are required to predict the asphaltene deposition problem. Changes in temperature, pressure, and composition can cause precipitation, and these changes are inevitable during production. This dissertation compares the thermodynamic models that can simulate asphaltene precipitation. Firstly, A comprehensive review was done to extract the maximum amount of experimental data from the literature... 

More than half a century has passed since the start of research on seismic liquefaction phenomenon in cohesionless soils, and various researchers has proposed different correlations for liquefaction prediction based on in situ tests. However, there still exists a great uncertainty in liquefaction prediction correlations, and liquefaction still occurs in different parts of the world. Hence, the main objective of this research is to reduce uncertainty in seismic liquefaction initiation correlations. While the technical literature indicates that soil resistance can alter due to liquefaction and shaking events and soil resistance after the liquefaction is not necessarily indicative of it prior... 

This research introduces an accelerated training approach for Vanilla Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) that addresses three factors affecting the loss function: the initial weight state of the neural network, the ratio of domain to boundary points, and the loss weighting factor. The proposed method involves two phases. In the initial phase, a unique loss function is created using a subset of boundary conditions and partial differential equation terms. Furthermore, we introduce preprocessing procedures that aim to decrease the variance during initialization and choose domain points according to the initial weight state of various neural networks. The second phase resembles... 

High-quality online services demand reliable and fast packet delivery at the network layer. However, clear evidence documents the existence of compromised routers in the ISP and enterprise networks, threatening network availability and reliability. A compromised router can stealthily drop, modify, inject, or delay packets in the forwarding path to launch Denial-of-Service, surveillance, man-in-the-middle attacks, etc. So researches tried to create intrusion detection methods to identify adversarial routers and switches. To this end, data-plane fault localization (FL) aims to identify faulty links and is an effective means of achieving high network availability. FL protocols use... 

Confining nematic liquid crystal between two curved boundary conditions while the nematic molecules have a degenerate planar anchoring leads to complex and beautiful textures of molecular disparagement(defect) in the bulk and on the surfaces. Such the liquid crystal shells are made with double-emulsion techniques in microfluidic devices have provided applications for micro-scale colloidal linkers.In this work, we have numerically minimized the elastic energy in one-constant approximation in present of Fournier’s degenerate surface potential with finite element method. The nematic shell is confined between two spherical surfaces that we have studied the final energies and their related... 

In the last few decades, due to population growth and lack of habitable space, the need for construction of taller buildings with more stories has become an important topic. Design of these high-rise structures include different complex tasks in which the finance of the project is the most important parameter. In order to find an efficient and financially feasible design, engineers have always been looking for new approaches and materials. One of the structural systems to be used for tall buildings is the outrigger system. In this system, the surrounding columns are connected to the central core by deep beams or walls to reduce the core forces. In other words, in this method, a new load... 

A liquid crystal is a state of matter composed of highly anisotropic building blocks. When liquid crystals are exposed to surfaces with given shapes and anchoring conditions, the orientation of their molecules gets spatially disordered and topological defects may form in the system. The interplay between liquid crystals and the geometry and topology of the colloidal particles has motivated extensive recent studies.In this thesis, we present the numerical modeling results for two faceted colloidal particles in a thermotropic nematic liquid crystal. To obtain the equilibrium nematic field with a finiteelement method, we numerically minimize the free energy of the system that based on the... 

Providing high bandwidth network infrastructures for ever increasing need of data transport is of great importance. The underling infrastructure for many communication services such as GSM/3G/4G mobile networks and Internet services is Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) optical transport systems. SDH are standardized protocols that multiplex multiple lower rate digital bit streams, such as E1 and Ethernet, and transfer them synchronously over optical fiber using lasers or LEDs. In addition to high data transfer rates, flexible network management and protection mechanisms have great importance, hence are part of SDH standards. In order to obtain flexible network architecture and protected... 

Development of Smart Grid and deployment of smart meters in large scale has raised a lot of concerns regarding customers’ privacy. Consequently, several schemes have been proposed to overcome the above mentioned issue. These schemes mainly rely on data aggregation as a method of protecting users’ privacy from the grid operators. However, the main problem with most of these schemes is the fact that they require a large amount of processing power at the meter side. This, together with the fact that smart meters don’t usually have a powerful processor, can cause the unavailability of smart meter data at the required time for operators of the grid, and at the same time disables smart meters from... 

Secure routing is a major key to service maintenance in wireless ad hoc networks. Ad hoc nature exposes the network to several types of node misbehavior or attacks. Wormhole attack is one of the most severe active attacks to mobile ad hoc networks. Noting the resource limitations in such networks, nodes may have a tendency to behave selfishly. Selfish behavior can have drastic impacts on network performance. We have proposed a Misbehavior-Tolerant Multipath Routing protocol (MTMR) which detects and punishes all types of misbehavior such as selfish behavior, wormhole, sinkhole and grey-hole attacks. The protocol utilizes a proactive approach to enforce cooperation. In addition, it uses a...