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    Immobilization of Enzymes to Nanoparticles for use in Wastewater Treatment

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Nisan, Roya Sadat (Author) ; Alemzadeh, Iran (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    Nowadays , application of enzymes as biocatalysts in wastewater treatment processes is increasing. It is economically important to reuse enzymes and increase their stability in these types of processes. Therefore, was immobilization of enzymes and using them in wastewater treatment have a great importance.In this project, Horseradish peroxidase enzyme, whose effect on phenol removal reactions in other studies has been proven before, was immobilized on the alginate-coated magnetic nanoparticles, to investigate the effect of immobilization on the stability and function of this enzyme for phenol removal. The enzyme was immobilized at the temperature of 25 ° C and pH = 8, according to the data... 

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Mehravar, Mohammad (Author) ; Parnianpour, Mohammad (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    Injuries of neuro-musculoskeletal system impose large costs to the modem societies. Studying the strategies of CNS in planning and control of movements can be helpful in developing diagnoSiS, prognosis and treatment procedures in clinical view and also in designing rehabilitation system and humanoid robots. Tow important features of human movements are redundancy problem and structured variability. Previous studies solved the redundancy problem mainly with optimization methods. Also optimal feedback control theory is the only method that successfully modeled structured variability in voluntary movements. Despite the appropriate outputs this methods are not based on physiological facts... 

    Modeling Neuromuscular Control System of Human Arm for Trajectory Tracking Using an Optimal Controller

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Asghari, Mehran (Author) ; Behzadipour, Saeed (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya (Co-Advisor)
    Abstract
    The behavior movement of human is fundamentally concerned with the relationship between the central nervous system of motor control، and musculoskeletal system of a human. Optimal control was employed to relate these structures together. Movement is one of the important part of human life، CNS is important because it has the fundamental role in the movement. Investigators believe that CNS is learned by iteration movements from childhood and finally it chooses the movement that makes a cost function minimum value of itself. Researching for CNS modeling grows in recent years on the different part of human body. Because upper body have less difficulty in movements، it is more useful for CNS... 

    Classification of Cerebral Palsy Patients based on Muscle Synergies

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Shojaeefard, Mahya (Author) ; Farahmand, Farzam (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most common motor disability among children that caused by damage to brain or defective development of brain before, during or just after birth. Due to this damage, children with CP have cognitive and motor problems. As an important activity of daily living, walking enhances independence, social activities and quality of life. Much of therapy for children is aimed to improve their gait. A usual technique to evaluate how a person walk and detect abnormal features in walking pattern is gait analysis. Lots of studies have been done on gait kinematics of CPs and classified them based on their kinematis. The purpose of this thesis is studying muscles activity of... 

    Analysis of Kinematic Synergies in Description of Cerebral Palsy Patients' Gait

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Tavassoli, Shahab (Author) ; Farahmand, Farzam (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya (Co-Supervisor)
    Abstract
    Cerebral palsy (CP) is one the most prevalent neuromusculoskeletal disease amongst children. Damage in the central nervous system (CNS) causes defective growth of the musculoskeletal system during infancy to maturity, then leading to impairment of selective motor control (SMC), spasticity and sometimes contracture of musculotendinous junction. Treatment of Cerebral Palsy is limited to reduce complications. Medical procedures such as neurosurgery and orthopaedic surgeries or rehabilitation used as a common operation. Recently studies in the field of synergy directed a new path to understanding of human motor control complexity besides identification of functionality of musculoskeletal... 

    The Effects of Body Weight on Spinal Loads

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Haji Hosseinali, Majid (Author) ; Farahmand, Farzam (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya (Co-Advisor)
    Abstract
    Using biomechanical models is one of the most effective ways to analyze and assessment of spinal loads in occupational and daily activities. In spite of many advances in the spine modeling, personal factors especially body weight are ignored in most studies. Epidemiological studies show that high body weight is a very strong risk factor of low back pain (LBP) and disc degeneration. There are only few studies that evaluate the relationship between spinal loads and body weight. The goal of this study is analyzing the effect of body weight on spinal load. A detailed musculoskeletal model of lumbar spine with 18 degree of freedom and 76 muscles was developed. This model consists of two parts... 

    Studying the Kinematics Compensation Mechanism in the Gait of Individuals with Excessive Anti-version using a Subject-Specific Musculoskeletal Model

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Khandan, Amin Reza (Author) ; Farahmand, Farzam (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    In cases with excessive anteversion even after adolescence, surgeons have to choose osteotomy surgery to modify this abnormality. This surgery and modifying the anatomical problem does not necessarily lead to modify the patients’ gait cycle abnormalities; the authors’ hypothesis is the probable reason may be the persistence of the implement of the patients’ kinematics compensation mechanism even after the surgery. This mechanism is used to almost correct the gait of those with excessive anteversion. First, by using gait analysis text books, a patient’s gait cycle is analyzed; this analysis is consist of 3DGA with EMG and observational gait. Then, by using OpenSim, the patient’s patterns of... 

    Subject-Specific Musculoskeletal Modeling of Gait for a Patient with Torsional Misalignment of Lower Extremity

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Ashkbous Esfahani, Maryam (Author) ; Farahmand, Farzam (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    Torsional misalignment of lower extremities is a bone deformity of femur, tibia, knee twist or a complex of all these factors. These deformities affect the patient's gait kinematics. These patients are usually treated with osteotomy surgery with the aim of correction of anatomy. But it doesn't necessarily lead to the modification of gait. Therefor development and application of subject-specific musculoskeletal models to analyze patient's specific condition and predict corrective surgery results are considered. Accordingly, the aim of this project is to create a subject-specific musculoskeletal model for a patient with femoral anteversion in order to predict result of anatomical correction... 

    Feasibility of Using a Tactile Tracking Technique for 3D Measurement of Patella Movements

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Mahzoun Alzakerin, Hadis (Author) ; Farahmand, Farzam (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya ($item.subfieldsMap.e)
    Abstract
    Even though Patellofemoral pain syndrome is one of the most frequent pains and disabilities in knee area, the pathology of this illness has not achieved the needed accuracy and clearness. Most researchers believe the cause of this pain syndrome and disability of it, is abnormal activities of patella. Nevertheless, no non-invasive method has been presented to measure three-dimensional movements of patella in patients. It seems evolving a method based on tactile tracking which surface and touchable trait of knee bone is used can benefit to measure three-dimensional movements of patella non-invasively. On the basis of this, the main idea of the project is registering the pressure changes in... 

    Modeling of Walking in a Gait Trainer, to Modify and Optimize Its Mechanism

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Salehy Aminy, Mohammad (Author) ; Farahmand, Farzam (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    Several diseases and injuries may cause disability in locomotion (especially walking). Spinal cord injuries, brain stroke and disease like Parkinson are the most major causes. In the past, some efforts has been made to reduce the effect of organ’s disabilities, but today, there is the chance of healing the spinal cord injury By using new (Schwann Cell) method. Due to long time stillness and severe muscles weakness; condensed physiotherapy exercise is essential to recover locomotion abilities, particularly in walking. In this way, if the practices matches with the normal walking (especially weight bearing); it has more physiological and psychological effect. In order to achieve this goal, a... 

    Design and Manufacturing of Wearable System for Assessment Risk Factor in Symmetric Lifting Task

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Keshavarz Moghadam, Hossein (Author) ; Firoozbakhsh, Keikhosro (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    Low back disorders (LBD) is one of the most musculo-skeletal disorders in industrial environments in which it can impose to the society.Therefore, it is very important to reaserch the causes of LBDs, prevention methods and evaluation risk factor in lifting tasks in order to avoid the prevalence of LBDs in society. There is no doubt heavy lifting has a significant role in emerging of LBDs. Hence, many safety risk assessment tools have been made by researchers.Using assessment tools, we need to know the input parameters corrospending to the assessment tools. Input parameters in assessment tools have been measured in a way of traditional method or by expensive equipment in laboratories. On... 

    Identifying a Sand Burial Technique and Designing a Robo-Physical Model Inspired from Lizards’ Motion

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Kharidar, Mohammad Mahdi (Author) ; Nejat, Hossein (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    Turan Toad-headed Agama is a lizard (Phrynocephalus mystaceus) inhabiting in the deserts of the Middle East. In order to hide from predators, it laterally vibrates (and slightly oscillates around the dorsal axis) to descend beneath the sand. Despite its low density, toad-headed agama easily burrows beneath the sand. The purpose of this study is to initially determine 3D kinematics of the agama's burial technique (frequency, amplitude and position of critical points of the body). After determining the motion, we will figure how the motion interacts with granular media and enables the animal to burry. This includes simulating animal's motion within granular media using discrete element method... 

    Design and Fabrication of a Wearable Plantar Pressure Measuring System Using Force Sensing Resistor (FSR)

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Shams, Mir Milad (Author) ; Farahmand, Farzam (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    The recent project can be considered as a subset of Telerehabilitation, in the field of Telerehabilitation can be defined as the need for long-term data recording in order to determine each individual's movement pattern and compare it to the individual's best model or best practice. With this perspective, it can be said that the recent project, in more detail, remotely targets the use of foot plantar pressure to determine locomotor parameters. With this description, the FSR or force sensitive resistor sensor was selected for a number of reasons, including low cost, low weight and low thickness, and the data acquisition circuit was used to convert the sensors' analog signal to digital output,... 

    Development and Validation of Biomechanical Model for Calculation of Moment into the Intervertebral L5-S1 Disc and the amount of NIOSH Permissible Limit Load During Lifting Activity

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Rajabtabar, Mahmood (Author) ; Parnianpor, Mohammad (Supervisor) ; Narimani, Roya (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    Lifting is considered a major risk to people's health in life, particularly to the workers. Appropriate wearable tools for measuring the individual’s kinematic and kinetic movement are required for examining and analyzing the lifting activity to prevent injury in the workplace. Different wearable systems have been developed to calculate the force applied on the foot sole to analyze movement in various areas of gait analysis, occupational biomechanics, sports, and other areas. The accuracy and precision of these systems need to be tested before application in any of these areas. In this study, 3 subjects performed five different activities of symmetrical lifting by placing Pedar insoles in... 

    An exploration in acoustic radiation force experienced by cylindrical shells via resonance scattering theory

    , Article Ultrasonics ; Vol. 54, issue. 4 , April , 2014 , pp. 971-980 ; ISSN: 0041624X Rajabi, M ; Behzad, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    2014
    Abstract
    In nonlinear acoustic regime, a body insonified by a sound field is known to experience a steady force that is called the acoustic radiation force (RF). This force is a second-order quantity of the velocity potential function of the ambient medium. Exploiting the sufficiency of linear solution representation of potential function in RF formulation, and following the classical resonance scattering theorem (RST) which suggests the scattered field as a superposition of the resonant field and a background (non-resonant) component, we will show that the radiation force is a composition of three components: background part, resonant part and their interaction. Due to the nonlinearity effects, each... 

    On the contribution of circumferential resonance modes in acoustic radiation force experienced by cylindrical shells

    , Article Journal of Sound and Vibration ; Vol. 333, issue. 22 , October , 2014 , p. 5746-5761 Rajabi, M ; Behzad, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    2014
    Abstract
    A body insonified by a constant (time-varying) intensity sound field is known to experience a steady (oscillatory) force that is called the steady-state (dynamic) acoustic radiation force. Using the classical resonance scattering theorem (RST) which suggests the scattered field as a superposition of a resonance field and a background (non-resonance) component, we show that the radiation force acting on a cylindrical shell may be synthesized as a composition of three components: background part, resonance part and their interaction. The background component reveals the pure geometrical reflection effects and illustrates a regular behavior with respect to frequency, while the others... 

    Point source stimulated acoustic radiation of cylindrical shells: Resonance and background fields

    , Article Acta Acustica united with Acustica ; Vol. 100, issue. 2 , 2014 , pp. 215-225 ; ISSN: 16101928 Rajabi, M ; Behzad, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    2014
    Abstract
    Objective: The method of wave function expansion in association with the spatial Fourier transform technique is adopted to study the steady-state sound radiation characteristics of a cylindrical component of infinite length subjected to an arbitrary time-harmonic on-surface concentrated radial drive. Method: Presenting the acoustical radiated coefficient as an exact function of modal accelerance function of the shell and following the classical Resonance Scattering Theory (RST), postulate that the radiated field can be synthesized as a superposition of the resonance response of the shell and a background signal within each partial wave. Utilizing the inherent background approach, we... 

    Interaction of a plane progressive sound wave with anisotropic cylindrical shells

    , Article Composite Structures ; Vol. 116, issue. 1 , September–October , 2014 , pp. 747-760 ; ISSN: 02638223 Rajabi, M ; Behzad, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    2014
    Abstract
    An exact analysis based on the wave function expansion is carried out to study the scattering of a plane harmonic acoustic wave incident at an arbitrary angle upon an arbitrarily thick helically filament-wound (anisotropic) cylindrical shell submerged in and filled with compressible ideal fluids. Using the laminated approximation method, a modal state equation with variable coefficients is set up in terms of appropriate displacement and stress functions and their cylindrical harmonics to present an analytical solution based on the three-dimensional exact equations of anisotropic elasticity. Taylor's expansion theorem is then employed to obtain the solution to the modal state equation,... 

    Efficient aerobic oxidation of alcohols using a novel combination N-hydroxy phthalimide (NHPI) and a recyclable heterogeneous cobalt complex

    , Article Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical ; Volume 232, Issue 1-2 , 2005 , Pages 95-99 ; 13811169 (ISSN) Rajabi, F ; Karimi, B ; Sharif University of Technology
    2005
    Abstract
    A novel combination between N-hydroxy phthalimide (NHPI) and a silica based cobalt (II) interphase catalyst (1) efficiently catalyzes the aerobic oxidation of various types of alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds. The catalyst 1 shows high thermal stability and also could be recovered and reused in combination with NHPI for at least five reaction cycles without considerable loss of reactivity. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved  

    Modeling and Developing a Control System for Centrifigual Compressors

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Rajabi, Alireza (Author) ; Ghorbanian, Kaveh (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    Compression systems are widely used in industry. Dynamic Modeling is a necessary step in design procedure of a safe compression system. A dynamic model should be adequate and simulate dominant elements of system. One important element of industrial compression systems is downstream pipelines. In this work, a dynamic model including pipeline acoustics is developed. It is accepted that changes of working gas molecular weight can cause inception of instabilities in compression systems. The dynamic model used to study mechanisms of these instabilities. A conventional control system is modeled and tuned for the compression system. The ability of this control system to prevent such instabilities...