Sharif Digital Repository

Smart heat-sensitive polymers play a unique role in drug delivery systems due to reversible behavior in response to environmental changes, especially temperature changes. Among the heat-sensitive polymers, UCST polymers due to their specific behavior and very little-known polymers with this feature are the subject of many new researches. In the present study, New designed temperature-sensitive polymers with UCST capability based on acrylamide and vinyl acetate were synthesized. These copolymers were synthesized in different percentages of acrylamide by free radical polymerization in solution conditions. All polymers compounds were characterized by H-NMR, FT-IR, DSC and GPC measurements. The... 

Propylene Copolymers and terpolymers with small amount of 1-butene& ethylene can greatly improve the properties of polypropylene material such as low temperature toughness, printing performance, transparency, process ability and so on, leading to expanding of its application. Poly(propylene-co-1-butene) performance intensely relies on its composition and chain structure. The copolymerization catalyzed by Ziegler-Natta catalyst, which is a multy-active central system. The Ziegler-Natta catalyst TiCl4/ Mg(OEt)2/ DIBP was used for copolymerization. The microstructure of copolymers were characterized by FTIR. The influence of different comonomer ratios on the copolymerization has been... 

In this work, the viscoelastic fluids flow and their short fiber suspensions has been modeled in contraction geometry using conformation models, these models predict behavior of polymeric chains in contraction geometry. Prediction of viscoelastic fluids flow through a contraction is very important, especially in polymer processing where a polymer melt in barrel of an extruder is going to pass through a narrow die. We expect to see an eddy in each corner of barrel. The result has shown that increasing of De number enhances the eddy magnitude; also with making acute angle, we see decreasing of eddy magnitude. Normal stresses and velocity were investigated in contraction and their results had... 

The main object of this thesis is preparation and investigation of polyolophine/graphene oxide nanocomposites by using bi-supported Ziegler-Natta catalytic system and in-situ polymerization. Magnesium ethoxide and graphene oxide were used as supports of catalyst. TiCl4 was accompanied by triisobutyl aluminum (tibia) and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) as an electron donor constituting Ziegler-Natta catalytic system. Preparation of catalyst and polymerization were taken place in slurry phase under the argon atmosphere. At the beginning of the polymerization experiment, several type of nanocomposites were made under various conditions (such as different Al/Ti molar ratio) to find optimum condition... 

Electrospinning process has been widely used to produce nanofibers from polymer blends. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chitosan (CS) have numerous biomedical applications such as wound healing and tissue engineering. Nanofibers of CS/PVA have been prepared by many works, however, a complete physicochemical and mechanical characterization as well as cell behavior has not been reported. In this study, Non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)/nano silica nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning. The properties of the nanofibers at various blend ratios were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)... 

The nervous system is the most complex body system and controls other body systems. Damages of the peripheral nervous system will interfere with the functioning of the body. Tissue engineering is used as one of the most effective methods for repairing damaged tissues,by providing 3-dimensional (scaffold) bedding with proper properties, allows the proliferation of Myelin sheath and proliferation of axons. In this study, we used a continuous extrusion process, sodium alginate with different percentages of Polyaniline-Graphene nanoparticle (synthesized by solvent emulsion) was extruded and its properties were determined by FTIR, SEM, MTT, tensile properties, Conductivity, contact angles and... 

Although polyacrylamides and theirs modified polymers have an extremely application in the industry mechanical weakness, such as viscosity in salinity or high temperature cause this polymer loss your functional application. In recent years, many endeavors due as modified this polymer by hydrophobics monomers were done but unfortunately don’t have a significant result. Modified acrylamide monomer and hydrophobic mini-emulsion were survey Most used polymers, such as hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, are not able to high levels of salinity and high temperature of the reservoirs. Dr. Ramazani and theirs group use innovational idea of hydrophilic monomers for overcome to this problem. In this project,... 

The present work focuses on the sustainable development of an intelligent self-healing anticorrosion coating using nanocontainers based on the aluminium oxide nanostructure-pomegranate peel extract-Ce3+ (Ce-PPE@Cat). The Ce-PPE@Cat nanopigment was introduced into the epoxy film (Ep) to achieve a smart barrier/ self-healing anti-corrosive property. To this end, a couple of characterization tests, including FT-IR, TGA, and, BET have been carried out to investigate the Ce-PPE@Cat nanopigment structure/composition. The effectiveness of the anti-corrosion performance of the established coatings was confirmed by EIS, FE-SEM, and accelerated salt spray test. Furthermore, EIS studies revealed that... 

In recent years, the use of polyurethane foams has been of interest for many researchers and craftsmen. Polyurethane foams, due to their excellent properties, can be used in important applications such as advanced military industries, insulation and those requiring strength and maneuverability. The aim of this research project is to produce polyurethane / sodium silicate or nano-silica nanocomposites. Prior to the fabrication and synthesis process of polyurethane containing sodium or nano-silica, deposited silica nanoparticles were synthesized using high-rubbed sodium silicate and sulfuric acid, followed by various tests including XRD, FE-SEM and BET to verify It was done. Sodium silicate... 

With the rapid increase of energy consumption, energy problem has been a global issue, which must be faced with and solved. One way to prevent energy consumption is to reduce drag in the flow inside the pipes by using polymer additives; Because the Transportation of liquids using pipeline technology has its limitations, since turbulent flow inside the pipe involves a loss of energy. The net effect of this is that increasing the energy applied to the flow does not increase the flow rate. For this purpose, copolymers and terpolymers of hydrophilic acrylamide monomers along with hydrophobic styrene and hydrophilic maleic anhydride monomers were synthesized by reverse emulsion polymerization... 

The use of polymers in the EOR process is very common. Most of these polymers are sensitivity to temperature, salt, and the presence of bacteria. Among these materials, hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) is the most widely used. Due to the sensitivity of HPAM in harsh conditions like temperature and salinity of the environment, modification of this polymer by hydrophobic groups can be very effective. Hydrophobic-hydrophilic associative polymers have shown unique rheological properties and high thermal stability, which is due to the presence of a small percentage (up to two percent) of hydrophobic monomers in their structure. Despite these excellent properties for acrylamide copolymers... 

The main purpose of this study is simulation of in-situ release of nano-size coated polymer particles at the water-oil interface during the polymer flooding. Reaching at the flooding interface, the hydrophobic coating starts dissolving into the oil phase. Subsequently, the hydrophilic core polymer starts diffusing back and simultaneously solves into the water phase and increase the in-situ viscosity of the flooding interface. Because of the in-situ release of the polymer and consequently the viscosity reduction of the injected fluid, the driving force for injection of the polymer as well as the amount of polymer used in flooding will reduce. In addition, smart coating can decrease the... 

It is about half century passed from the invention and application of the polymer flooding. Although there are successful reports from the using polymer flooding, but there are problems that in some cases this process fails. For more insight on the problems and in order to improve
the efficiency of this process the conceptual understanding of the process is required. More conceptual understanding from this process, requires investigation in pore scale. In the presenting investigation, the flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in the single phase and two phase form and in pore scale are simulated using finite volume method. Because, the finite volume method is used in very... 

Isopropanol purifying denotes dehydration of it to utilize in industries become important these days. Conventional process like distillation could not produce this product in high purity. Using membrane-based process, pervaporation, to dehydrate Isopropanol and other organic compound has been noticed in the last years. Among all type of membranes to dehydrate alcohols, poly (vinyl alcohol) is more effective due to its high hydrophilic characteristic. But it swallows in aqueous solutions and decrease its selectivity. To enhance structural and separation properties Chitosan, TiO2 and glurataldehyde added to polymeric membranes. Nine membranes have been made in this study that can be grouped in... 

Given that the mean of the cost of drilling operation related to the required martials and preparation of the drilling fluids, therefore, the design and construction drilling fluid which omit has to be a proper rheology is essential in drilling operations and oil industry. A desirable property of the drilling fluid is the minimum fluid loss volume which can be achieved by formation of a low permeability filter cake on the wellbore. Drilling fluid filtrating invasion into the formation can cause formation damage and reduction in the productivity of the well. In drilling fluids, a series of natural synthetic and polymers may be used as fluid (filtration) loss control additives. However, high... 

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene has attracted the attention of numerous researchers and industries. This polymer due to its strong properties can be used in advanced military industries, medical engineering and cases in which high strength and high abrasion resistance is required. Present study aims to fabricate UHMWPE/Molybdenum disulfide composites, using in-situ polymerization. Before carrying out the polymerization process, nanoparticles of molybdenum disulfide underwent various processes such as oxidation, pickling, ultrasonic and thermal shock, in order to increase the interlayer distance and creating functional groups on the surface, then various analyzes, such as XRD, FESEM,... 

Among the methods for increasing chemical oil extraction,the polymeric flood method has the most commercialization capability.However,most commonly used polymers such as Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide (HPAM) are not able to withstand high levels of salinity and high temperatures.To overcome these problems,in this project,new types of polymer nanostructures were synthesized with hydrophobic groups consisting of styrene (hydrophilic monomer) and malic anhydride (hydrophilic monomer) acrylamide (hydrophilic monomer). These polymers were synthesized by reversible mini-emulsion by adjusting the synthesis conditions for the purpose of producing the terpolymer with suitable conditions for tolerating... 

The aim of this project is designing Suitable drilling fluid applicable in deep drilling. This aim will be reached by adding a temperature-resistant polymers or nanomaterials in water-based drilling fluid, Rheological properties of drilling fluid checked. Stability of rheological properties of drilling fluids not constant in HT state. Chain of cause and effect will happen, While the temperature increases, the viscosity and yield point of the fluids decreases. cuttings transportation and removal efficiency will be decreased due to reduction in yield point and viscosity. Evaluation of The effect of these cases conclude that these effects will also impact on filtration loss. The reason is that... 

Most used polymers, such as hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, are not able to withstand high levels of salinity and high temperature of the reservoirs. To overcome these problems, in this project, new types of microstructures based on modified acrylamide with hydrophilic groups (malic anhydride monomer) and hydrophobic groups (styrene monomer) using inversible mini-emulsion were synthesized. The structure of the synthesized terpolymer was investigated using methods of FT-IR and 1H NMR. The micro-structure and the particle-size of the terpolymer particles were studied with the scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and differential light scattering (DLS) method and the results showed that the average... 

In order to protect the corrosion of steel, a self-healing epoxy nanocomposite containing modified graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and ZIF-67 was made along with benzotriazole (BTA) and cerium inhibitors. To increase the efficiency and also to increase the duration of use of inhibitors, it is better to load these inhibitors on containers such as MOFs. One of the useful MOFs for this purpose is ZIF-67, which has a high specific surface area that allows the transport of inhibitors with high capacity. But these containers fail after some time, so to improve the physical properties of the coating systems, g-C3N4 was also used as a mineral material, which of course was also used as a filler....