Sharif Digital Repository

Nanotechnology inrecent yearshas attractedthe attention of manyscientists and industrialists. Having atiny structure with extraordinary properties of nanoparticlesin the fields of electrical, mechanical and thermal, leading to their use isgrowing and newer application sarebeing found forth eseparticles. One of them Nanodiamond powderiswidely usedin the industryhas found wideapplication. Among these can be used in electrochemistry, chemical coatings, pastesand suspensions, add thepolymer, ceramic and industrial rubber and adhesives,adsorbentsand catalysts, filters and membranes, and finally cancer treat mentnoted. One of these applicationsisinPolymers and Rubber Industry. According to earlier... 

In this study solid lubricants MoS2 nanoparticles with average size 50 nm and hard ZrO2 nanoparticles with average size 51 nm were used in watts bath and Ni/ZrO2-MoS2 composite coatings were prepared by pulse plating technique. Effect of current density, frequency, duty cycle, surfactant type and concentration of particles in the electrolyte on the amount of particles in the coatings were investigated and optimum conditions were determined to create composite coatings. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were performed to study the morphology, structure, chemical composition of coatings. Corrosion testing of coatings by potentiodynamic polarization in... 

There is an increasing need for food by the growth of population. To meet this need, the use of pesticides is increasing. Among pesticides organophosphorous compounds are the ones with the most usage. Liquid and gas chromatography are commonly used to measure orghanpphosphrous pesticides. These methods are relatively time consuming and require a tedious sample preparation.
Herein we report a sensitive colorimetric method for detection and measurement of Azinphos methyl, based on unmodified gold nanoparticles aggregation and changes in plasmonic band. Azinphos methyl, containing different soft acidic groups acts as a bridge, causes aggregation, and changes in plasmonic band. Changes in... 

In this study, mechanical properties of neat isotactic polypropylene (iPP) were evaluated on local and global scales. Depth-sensing indentation with nanoscale resolution (nanoindentation) and traditional macromechanical tests were incorporated for this purpose at different temperatures and strain rates. Various morphologies and crystalline structures of iPP was obtained via changing processing conditions in melt state. A certain relation was found between the local and global mechanical properties, i. e. yield stress, modulus of elasticity and hardness. Moreover, developed yield models were evaluated on the local scale. The results showed that while crystal plasticity theory is not valid for... 

Permeability is an essential parameter used for reservoir evaluation, simulation and management to optimize oil recovery. The conventional approach to estimate reservoir connectivity, conductivity, sweep efficiency and other critical information for decision-making is to build detailed geological models, which are then upscaled to a coarser grid where flow simulations are run. However, this takes many hours to be carried out even for a single realization practically. In practice, a very small number of realizations are considered and consequently the true uncertainty in the results is very poorly estimated. In this study, a statistical model of isotropic overlying sandbodies is used to... 

Metabonomics is a quantitative measurement of time dependent metabolic interactions for living systems in response to the pathological or genetic variations. NMR spectroscopy has emerged as a key tool for understanding metabolic processes in living systems. In this project, the study of metabolomics was performed as classification and regression on samples of parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis disease, celiac disease and crohn’s disease. In classification part, various methods were applied using optimal parameters.classification methods in Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis disease, celiac disease and crohn’s disease were RF, CART, PLS-DA, RF and RF respectively. Based on the... 

Gravity dams are solid concrete structures that maintain their stability against design loads from the geometric shape and the mass and strength of the concrete. Because of their critical role in supplying portable and agricultural water and problems which would happen if they broke, it is required to consider their stability and keep them in safe conditions. They should be able to continue their function after a disaster such as earthquake. But most of them are aged dams with some have been built near faults. Indeed, there are some concerns regarding the performance of these dams under the effect of seismic loads. This research deals with performance evaluation of concerete gravity . The... 

Soil nailing is an in-situ technique of mechanically stabilizing soil masses which has been used in France, Germany, United states, and recently in Iran. A review of literature shows that Soil-Nailed walls have performed well during strong ground motions in comparison with the gravity retaining structures. After the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, minor signs of distress or corresponding deformation were found on the Soil-Nailed walls, indicating excellent performance of such structures during moderate and strong shakings. These observations indicate that Soil-Nailed walls have an inherent satisfactory seismic response. This has been attributed to the intrinsic flexibility of the Soil-Nailed... 

In nature, there are types of soils that when goinging under stress at constant moisture, or increase of moisture at constant stress, or change of both characters, they show a sudden and high level decrease in their volume. These type of soils are named as Collapsible soils. Iran is one of the countries that at some parts of its land collapsible soils are found. In this research by using of laboratory equipments, the volume change behavior of collapsible loess soils of Gorgan plain (North of Iran) is evaluated under increase of water content and inundation stress. In these experiments, the usual odeometer cell has been used for exploring the behaviour of collapsibility and volume change of... 

Collapsible soils such as loess, which are naturally found unsaturated, are kind of problematic soils that undergo sudden and noticeable decrease in volume under increasing stress at constant moisture, increasing moisture at constant stress, or increase in both of them. This kind of soil can be found in some parts of Iran such as plain of Gorgan. To fulfill the main purpose of this study, evaluating the effect of cementation on collapse behavior of loess of Gorgan, some oedometer tests under controlled matric suction were performed on reconstituted samples without and with lime. The lime was added for stabilizing of the collapsible materials and the amount was chosen to be %3 by weight of... 

Accurate prediction of relative permeability for various reservoir rocks at various saturation conditions has been of concern for a long time in petroleum industry. Relative permeability is known as one of the most significant parameters in simulation of actual multi-phase flow through porous media during life-time of a hydrocarbon reservoir. In addition, it plays important role in oil production and well completion. Direct experimental measurement in order to determine relative permeability of porous rock has long been recorded in petroleum related literature. However, empirical methods for determining relative permeability are becoming more widely used, particularly with the advent of... 

The concept of generalized strains is a well-established subject in the classical continuum mechanics. The characteristics and various applications of the generalized strains have been the point of interest of many researchers in the classical continuum mechanics. The aim of this thesis is the introduction of generalized strains in the micropolar theory, as a non-classical continuum theory. A set of generalized strains is suggested for the deformation of macro-elements. Moreover, a set of generalized strains is proposed for the micro-structures. Since the rate of strains possesses a significant importance in the constitutive equations of nonlinear analysis of solids, expressions for the rate... 

Collapsible soils are kinds of problematic soils which are susceptible to large and sudden reduction in volume upon wetting. A manifest kind of these soils is loess; catastrophic settlement of structures which are built upon it has been observed when the soil becomes wet. In this investigation the collapse potential of samples of loess taken from Gorgan, Golestan, Iran, has been studied by using unsaturated odometer tests under controlled matric suction. To this end, two modified odometer apparatus with the capability of controlling the matric suction, have been designed and developed. Undisturbed samples of soil have been tested under K0 condition, while the matric suction, volumetric...