Sharif Digital Repository

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are categorized in a branch of composite materials in which the local volume fraction of contributing phases are not fixed throughout the spatial domain, but vary gradually as a function of position. This spatial variation leads to the gradual variation of physical and mechanical properties inside the materials. It provides us the opportunity of designing multiple purpose materials by the variation of local volume fractions according to our goal. The optimal distribution of local volume fractions is a function of the spatial domain geometry and loading conditions, and in general situations, due to the complexity of the problem, it is not possible to... 

Because the structural stability is directly related with structural damage, it is considered one of the most important issues in the industry. One of the applied cases in the stability issue discuss about the stability of the beam under follower loads. Follower loads obtained from aerodynamic pressure, rocket’s thrust, dry friction of the rotating disk, drilling and etc. Because the follower loads are always perpendicular to the beam cross section, thus with changing the angle of their location, their directions are changed. Spatial dependence makes a non-conservative and dynamic problem. So these loads causes dynamic instability that say flutter. In this study, the stability of a... 

In this study, an analytical investigation of the hydrodynamic damping due to vertical baffles in circular cylindrical storage tanks is investigated. A lot of research about damping characteristics of different types of baffles has been done but because of specific applications of vertical baffles, studies are limited in this case. For analytical approach the average rate of energy dissipation is obtained with using the solution of Laplace’s equation by estimation the rate of the work done by baffles drag force to the oscillatory flow. The analytical solution validate by a series of experiments that conducted at the Langley Research Center of the National Aeronautics and Space... 

The dry friction and its effect on the dynamics and vibrations of structures have always been one of the remarkable engineering issues. In the structures of engineering, dry friction mostly exists at the joints of structures and substrates and dry friction can lead to the nonlinearity and even chaos in the vibration of structures. There are different theories for the friction modeling and the most famous theory is the relation between the proportional ratio of the force of friction and perpendicular force to the surface. The main characteristic of friction as a damper force is the change of direction along with change in the direction of velocity. In the present study, at first, the nature... 

Long thin rectangular beams are used in many industrial engineering including railways, aerospace and etc. Beam subjected to moving mass is one of the classic problems in mechanics and vibrations of beams and have been studied by many researchers. In most of done works, the moving mass was assumed to be small compared to beam mass and only acceleration effect of mass was considered. Also in many of researches only bending of beams was studied. Moving mass imposes 2 type of force in the supporting beam, first one is weight and the other is due to motion of mass and contains lateral, coriolis and centrifugal acceleration effects. In addition, due to the particular geometry considered (narrow... 

In this thesis, effects of bending and torsional elasticity of a flapping wing on its average lift and input power are studied, using a semi-analytic method. Bending stiffness and torsional rigidity of wing spar, wing mass ratio and chordwise and spanwise center of gravity, also spar location are considered as variables for controlling elastic behavior of the wing.Governing integral equation is derived using Hamilton principle via modified quasi aerodynamic and linear Green-Lagrange strain tensor. Also an idealized flapping pattern is used to maximize average acceleration during each cycle. Next, integral equation is converted to a set of ordinary differential equations by means of Galerkin... 

This research evaluates the fiscal regime of the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) and its impact on the company's performance. The main objective of the study is to examine the effect of the financial relationship between the government and NIOC over two time periods: before and after the 1979 revolution. Using a descriptive-analytical method, the research analyzes how changes in the fiscal regime and the government-NIOC relationship have influenced the company's production outputs. The results indicate that the fiscal regime and shifts in government policies have played a crucial role in NIOC’s performance, at times strengthening and at other times weakening its capabilities. The... 

This thesis represents the obstacle avoidance of a fixed-wing small aircraft using optical flow information of cameras mounted on the aircraft. The thesis consists of two main sections. In section one, the ideal optical flow has been simulated based on the camera model, complete six DOF of flight equations, and the geometry of the environment. An analytical formula has been derived to relate the obstacle detection distance to the maneuverability of the aircraft. Having the obstacle detection distance, the control and navigation algorithms have been developed to achieve a collision-free flight for the aircraft in urban canyons and junctions. The effect of some parameters such as approach... 

Capacitor setting and reconfiguration are of main means of loss reduction and voltage profile improvement in distribution system operation. Cooperation between these two strategies can effectively minimize power losses in distribution system automation. Also, from the medium and long term viewpoint, capacitor placement and reconfiguration can be used for loss reduction and reliability enhancement. In this section, the sum of losses cost, capacitor investment cost and reliability cost should be minimized. Regarding the need to solve two non-linear combinatorial optimization problems simultaneously, metaheuristic algorithms are used in this thesis. Specifically, Elitist Genetic Algorithm,... 

Nowadays, one of the most important challenges in the design of digital circuits is their susceptibility to the strike of high energy particles which leads to the Single Event Transient (SET) and Multiple Event Transients (MET). In fact, technology scaling which results in lower supply voltage, higher operating frequency, and lower nodal capacitance, makes today’s digital circuits more susceptible not only to high energy particles but also to low energy particles. Moreover emerging deep sub-micron technologies and the integration of more cells in today’s chips have caused higher probability of MET occurrences. A lot of research has tried to reduce the soft error rate due to high energy... 

In the field of supply chain, management constantly seeks to adopt strategies for realizing its targeted objectives. The supply chain, therefore, includes integrated production-distribution processes with all effective parts where proper management requires a comprehensive and dynamic approach. It is necessary to meet required items at required time. This becomes more important with the supply systems providing items. On the other hand, the difficulty of supply chain management, decisions, and policy-making can be increased by a wide range of conditions such as changes in demand. Thus, a comprehensive approach is needed to take the present dynamics into account. The current paper develops a... 

The existing transmission line models of plasmonic nanostructures are modified in this thesis to study the electromagnetic characteristics of nano-plasmonic structures in a more efficeint yet accurate enough fashion. First, rectangular plasmonic cavities made by carving dielectric rectangles within a metallic region are modeled by trasnmission lines of finite length being appropriately terminated at their both ends. The resonance conditon in the proposed model yeilds the resonance frequencies, quality factors, and mode profiles of its correspondig plasmonic resonator. The accuracy of the proposed model is assessed by using the fully numerical finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD)... 

The Smith Predictor does not work for unstable plants; therefore a lot of modifications have been proposed in order to solve this problem. In this project, advantages and disadvantages of most of these methods are studied in a general framework and based on Diophantine equation and using pole-placement technique. a discrete control scheme for unstable processes has been proposed. This structure can be used for non-minimum phase and stochastic processes. Robust stability of the suggested control structure has been shown. Performance of the proposed method is compared with previous works through computer simulations and its superiority for robust stability, load rejection; set-point tracking... 

Inlet flow of afterburners comes from the burnt products of the primary combustion chamber. The fuel is injected and the mixture is ignited to form a flame which is stabilized behind a flameholder in the afterburner. Flame stability stems from wake (recirculation zone) of flameholder. With the aid of high residence time of flow behind the flameholder reactants get the time to catch activation energy. Some parameters like oxygen content, mass flow rate, inlet temperature, and nozzle area ratio play an important role in afterburner combustion efficiency and flame stability. In this study we focused on afterburner combustion stability in GE J85-21 engine. This engine will be in service through... 

In the early time of the discovery of the quantum mechanics and some decades after that, various interpretations of quantum mechanics were proposed. However, many years after that, the “indetermenistic” perspective well-known for Copenhagen perspective which was proposed mostly by Bohr and his colleagues became the dominant attitude among physicists. But nearly two decades after the fixation point of the Copenhagen perspective, a new interpretation of quantum mechanics was proposed by Bohm which was nonlocal but deterministic and it could reproduce all the predictions of quantum mechanics.Bohm’s theory responded to the many theoretical and philosophical objections assumed to the Copenhagen... 

The present study examines the effects of participation in a critical reflective online course upon the participants’ identity. The study drew upon both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. The 38 participants of the study who were first degree students at Sharif University of Technology participated in ten online sessions in which ten prompts concerning intercultural issues were introduced. The data collected in the online course underwent inductive qualitative content analysis which resulted in the extraction of five themes. Following this, 18 participants were interviewed to throw more light on these findings. Qualitative and Quantitative content analyses of the data...