Sharif Digital Repository

Sulfur components are one of the most important impurities in various petroleum fractions that cause many problems in refining and consumption. In this thesis, hydrodesulfurization process, which has an economical and environmental especial position in petroleum and other related industries, has been discussed. In hydrodesulfurization process, under specific operation condition, sulfur components are converted catalytically to the H2S in a fixed bed reactor. In this study dibenzothiophene, which is one of the most strength and complex sulfur components, is considered as the base component. A Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic equation is used to describe the reaction by using the commercial... 

Artemia is a small crustacean which has adapted to live in high salty water.The name of Artemia has been chosen according to its appearance. The adult Artemia is viviparous in the proper conditions whereas in tough conditions it reproduces the cysts. About 20 hours after the floating of cysts in water, its crust splits and after a while nauplii is produced by the free swimming. The changes of the hatching percentage of cysts Artemia and also the changes of Artemia Urmiana's size have been evaluated in this report.
The hatching percentage of cysts have been studied under LED radiation of red, orange, green and blue wavelengths, under red diode laser radiation and also under the... 

The main goal of this study is to evaluate the seismic performance of HV circuit breakers of power substations and optimize their seismic behavior using base isolation systems. Iran is in a region with high seismicity and has experienced severe earthquakes in recent decades that have resulted in serious damages to critical infrastructures. These include power substations that are important during and even after an earthquake in providing electricity for homes, industries, amenities, emergency facilities, public transportation and more. The seismic performance of HV circuit breakers, which is an important equipment for power substations, has not been satisfactory in past earthquakes and has... 

Today, composites are widely used in various industries, thus the study and analysis of properties and their behaviors are very important. In addition, the use of multi-layered composites in the aerospace industry is important. The composite-elastomer structures, specially their spherical shape, are widely used as flexible joint in aerospace industries, such as the thrust vector control system in solid-propellant rockets and the helicopter industry. In this study, an analytical approach is proposed for calculating the interlaminar stresses of laminated plates and spherical shells with arbitrary laminations and boundary conditions based on a threedimensional multi-term extended Kantorovich... 

In current societies, reliability is an important and fundamental factor in designing and manufacturing products and it cannot be ignored anyway; because sometimes malfunction and failure in a system can cause severe financial losses and health issues. In the field of optimizing reliability by redundancy allocation, one of the structures that has drawn many researchers attention is series-parallel structure. In the models proposed for reliability optimization in series-parallel systems, there is a restricting assumption which all components of a sub-system have to be homogeneous. In this thesis, new models are presented which enable components of a sub-system be non-homogeneous. Modeling is... 

Data collected from street networks show that travel time in urban street networks is a stochastic variable, whose range of variation increases with the congestion level. Work and school trips comprise the major part of morning peak volumes, whose common characteristic is that they need to be made on time. For this reason, these travelers are pessimistic in their route choice, and try to choose routes which are more reliable. Travel time standard deviation is one of the common measures for estimating travel time reliability that is related to properties of day-to-day travel time distribution on a particular route. Based on the empirical data collected from Tehran street network, this paper... 

Noise or noise pollution, is defined as an unwanted sound, produced mostly by motor vehicles in urban areas. If the noise exceeds its limit, adverse effects on users and citizens are expected. Thus the assessment of the noise level and its comparison with allowable values is mandatory. Traffic induced noise depends upon different factors such as traffic, weather, and, sound barriers. Noise pollution study has a long history all over the world. Many studies, mostly representing the outdoor noise pollution models, have been done in recent years. This paper presents an assessment of traffic-induced noise in a heavily traveled tunnel, locally referred to as Resalat tunnel, which is located in... 

In this thesis, we introduce a novel Artificial Intelligence (AI) system inspired by the philosophical and psychoanalytical concept of imagination as a ``Re-construction of Experiences". Our AI system is equipped with an imagination-inspired module that bridges the gap between textual inputs and other modalities, enriching the derived information based on previously learned experiences. A unique feature of our system is its ability to formulate independent perceptions of inputs. This leads to unique interpretations of a concept that may differ from human interpretations but are equally valid, a phenomenon we term as ``Interpretable Misunderstanding". We employ large-scale models,... 

In this research, non-isothermal annealing process at temperatures ranging between 400°C to 830 °C was investigated in warm and cold-rolled austenitic stainless steel 304L. First, the wide variety of austenitic to martensitic structure was produced by the multi-pass rolling process at room temperature -8 °C, 200 °C, and 280°C. The n exponent in Olson-Cohen equation was governed 2.83 after non-linear curve fitting to assess the fraction of deformation-induced martensite as a function of strain. Afterward, Abaqus/Explicit method was utilized to achieve the stored energy and plastic strains distribution through the thickness. Then, Cellular automata and Galerkin-finite element models were... 

The importance of New Product Development (NPD) projects has been realized more and more in recent years. Among different decisions to be made in NPD process, one of the most critical decisions is about the best time to launch new product(s). Due to existence of many internal and external influential factors, determining the optimal launch time is often too complicated and it is quite hard to systematically analyze it. Despite risky nature of NPD, risk considerations in determining the optimal launch time have not been addressed in literature due to the mentioned complexity. In this research, we developed a model that takes in to account risk considerations while systematically determining... 

Global climate change and anthropogenic impacts lead to alterations in the water cycle, water resource availability and the frequency and intensity of floods and droughts. As a result, developing effective techniques such as hydrological modeling is essential to monitor and predict water storage changes. However, inaccuracies and uncertainties in different aspects of modeling, due to simplification of meteorological physical processes, data limitations and inaccurate climate forcing data limit the reliability of hydrological models. Assimilation of new observations constrains the dynamics of the model based on uncertainties associated with model and data, which can introduce missing water... 

The magnetic MOF-based catalytic system has been reported here to be an efficient catalyst for running CDC reactions and synthesis of Triazole rings under optimal conditions. The robust MOF catalyst was built based on magnetic nanoparticles and HKUST-1 which further modified with thioacetamide and carbonization. The catalyst structure was confirmed by various techniques. Furthermore, the products’ yields were obtained in good to excellent for all reactions under mild conditions which result from superior activity of the synthesized heterogeneous catalyst containing Cupper. Also, the magnetic property of the MOF-based catalyst makes it easy to separate from reaction mediums and reuse in the... 

Energy of graphs first defined by Ivan Gutman in 1978[1]. Let G be a graph with (0,1)-adjacency matrix A and let λ_1≥⋯≥λ_n be eigenvalues of A. Grap h energy is defined as the sum of absolute values of the eigenvalues of A and is shown by ɛ(G). let H_1,…,H_k be the vertex-disjoint induced subgraphs of graph G, it is proved that energy of G is at least equal to the sum of energy of H_i subgraphs, where the summation is over i. Also by partitioning edges of G to L_1,…,L_k subgraphs, energy of G is at most equal to sum of energy of L_i subgraphs , where the summation is over i. In this thesi s we study energy of graphs, specially...