Sharif Digital Repository

Design and implementation of Architecture is a knowledge-driven process. Evaluation and verification the knowledge, in order to ensure its quality, have important role in improving overall design process. Furthermore, Architectural decision making is a complex and multi-criteria decision making problem in which multiple stakeholders make decisions from their perspectives causing overlaps and conflicts in the adopted decisions. Therefore, the requirement for strategies to manage these issues and also to improve coordination and cooperation among the various stakeholders to improve the overall process design is necessary. In this regard, there have been several activities that focus on... 

Simulation is the gold standard for training in aviation and trauma medicine. Now it is available for diseases diagnosis and treatment. With simulation, clinicians can practice their art in a realistic, consequence free environment, combining both theory and practice in a comprehensive program. Method and materials - In the virtual clinical environment of "VPsoft mentor" software, the practitioner reviews a patient's history, orders laboratory tests and procedures, interprets findings, renders diagnoses, and prescribes medication. Every diagnostic or treatment decision the clinician makes for the patient is analyzed by E-mentor, providing instant feedback.Results - This software have been... 

The use of Computer Science in order to categorize and store information, improve diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, patient education and the training of a skilled labor force, has taken important steps and there are constantly new developments in this area  

Effect of alkaline metal salts on the solvent extraction of platinum from leached spent dehydrogenation catalysts (Pt/Al2O3) in aqua-regia by the Trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) has been investigated. Best salting out effect was achieved using KCl as the additive salt in which process upto 90% of Platinum extraction achieved. Response Surface methodology utilized in order to design the experiments, model the extraction process for platinum and aluminum as well as; optimize the whole process. It was shown that solvent extraction of platinum by TOPO was kinetically fast and the needed equilibrium time for it was less than 30 seconds. In the present study, proposed models for platinum and... 

This paper presents several efficient architectures of dynamic/static edge-triggered flip-flops with a compact embedded logic. The proposed structure, which benefits from the overlap period, fixes most of the drawbacks of the dynamic logic family. The design issues of setting the appropriate overlap period for this architecture are explained. The proposed overlap-based approach is compared with several state-of-the-art dynamic/static logic styles in implementing a 4-bit shift register and an odd-even sort coprocessor using different CMOS technologies. The simulation results showed that the overlap-based logic cells become much more efficient when the complexity of their embedded logic... 

In this research, data on liquid-liquid extraction of platinum from commercial spent catalysts by trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) in toluene were experimentally obtained. Alkaline metal salts were used to optimize the separation process. Best Salting-out effect was obtained by KCl which extracted up to 90% of platinum utilizing TOPO. Furthermore, extraction percentages of Pt and Al depending upon different factors were investigated. It was observed that the extraction process was kinetically fast and achieving the equilibrium time took less than 30 seconds. Optimized points obtained utilizing response surface methodology (RSM) by the "Design Expert" software in order to minimize the... 

Design and manufacturing of a high performance micro-hydro-kinetic turbine is discussed in the present paper. The main goal is manufacturing an equipped experimental model of hydro-kinetic turbine with highest energy absorption from water current. A multi-shape ducted turbine comprised of a multi-part diffuser was manufactured that can be converted to many experimental models for studying various diffuser enhancing effects. Turbine's rotor included a three-blade axial propeller and a mixed six-blade propeller with high power coefficient. Simple experiments on propeller were performed for flow visualization, torque measurement and illustrating dynamic balance at high speed rotation in air and... 

In this paper, first, two new criteria, which are titled social welfare percent (SWP) and congestion cost percent (CCP), are defined for static transmission expansion planning in restructured power systems. Then by a simple example it will be shown that none of the already presented market-based criteria could completely and truly evaluate the transmission network expansion from market view. Hence the SWP and CCP criteria altogether are proposed to completely and truly evaluate the transmission network expansion. Then a least-investment cost expansion plan is searched that its SWP and CCP are in predefined acceptable limits. The results of applying of the proposed method are illustrated over... 

In this paper, first, two new criteria, which are titled social welfare percent (SWP) and congestion cost percent (CCP), are defined for static transmission expansion planning in restructured power systems. Then by a simple example it will be shown that none of the already presented market-based criteria could completely and truly evaluate the transmission network expansion from market view. Hence the SWP and CCP criteria altogether are proposed to completely and truly evaluate the transmission network expansion. Then a least-investment cost expansion plan is searched that its SWP and CCP are in predefined acceptable limits. The results of applying of the proposed method are illustrated over... 

Asphalt concrete is a complex mixture, the behavior of which is dependent on its components while showing different nonlinear behaviors under various conditions. Application of rest time between compressive loading cycles causes hardening-relaxation (H-R) behavior in the sample and increases the deformation potential of the sample. This process might induce changes in the microstructure and the pattern of the placement and rotation of the aggregates. These changes cause a relaxation in the hardening of the material, pose a higher potential of reception of viscoplastic strain in the following cycles, and increase the rate of accumulation of the permanent deformation in contrast with creep... 

A simple and effective ratiometric fluorescence sensor for selective detection of dopamine (DA) in alkaline media has been developed by simply mixing thioglycolic acid (TGA) functionalized orange fluorescent cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots (QDs) with amino-functionalized blue fluorescent carbon nanodots (CDs). Under a single excitation wavelength of 365 nm, the sensor exhibits dual-emissions centered at 445 and 603 nm. The fluorescence of CdTe QDs is selectively quenched by DA, whereas the fluorescence of CDs is insensitive to the analyte. In the presence of different amounts of DA, the variations in the dual emission intensity ratios exhibit a continuous color change from pink to... 

Background: Once aligned, long-reads can be a useful source of information to identify the type and position of structural variations. However, due to the high sequencing error of long reads, long-read structural variation detection methods are far from precise in low-coverage cases. To be accurate, they need to use high-coverage data, which in turn, results in an extremely time-consuming pipeline, especially in the alignment phase. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to have a structural variation calling pipeline which is both fast and precise for low-coverage data. Results: In this paper, we present SVNN, a fast yet accurate, structural variation calling pipeline for PacBio long-reads... 

Background: Once aligned, long-reads can be a useful source of information to identify the type and position of structural variations. However, due to the high sequencing error of long reads, long-read structural variation detection methods are far from precise in low-coverage cases. To be accurate, they need to use high-coverage data, which in turn, results in an extremely time-consuming pipeline, especially in the alignment phase. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to have a structural variation calling pipeline which is both fast and precise for low-coverage data. Results: In this paper, we present SVNN, a fast yet accurate, structural variation calling pipeline for PacBio long-reads... 

Nowadays automation in distribution systems is growing largely. Automated and remote controlled switches play prominent rules in automated distribution systems. By opening and closing these remote controlled switches in emergency states when a fault has been occurred we can manage fault and restoration process in order to minimize interruption time and costs. In the normal states feeder load management and power loss minimization can be controlled by these remote controlled switches. Finding optimum numbers and optimum locations for installing these switches is the main concern in this between. Up to now a number of algorithms have been developed for optimum switch placement. In this paper a... 

Under new reregulation environment an open access to transmission system is desired. Transmission system operators (TSOs) are encouraged to use the existing facilities more efficiently. This paper focuses on the evaluation of the impact of FACTS devices on Available Transfer Capability (ATC) and its enhancement. Genetic algorithm is used for optimisation process of the best location of SVC as a FACTS device. Improvement of voltage profile as well as TTC enhancement is achieved by applying a proposed methodology through some case studies  

Stable control of water level of drum is of great importance for economic operation of power plant steam generator systems. In this paper, a linear model of the boiler unit with time varying parameters is used for simulation. Two transfer functions between drum water level (output variable) and feed-water and steam mass rates (input variables) are considered. Variation of model parameters may be arisen from disturbances affecting water level of drum, model uncertainties and parameter mismatch due to the variant operating conditions. To achieve a perfect tracking of the desired drum water level, two sliding mode controllers are designed separately. Results show that the designed controllers... 

Dirential frequency hopping (DFH) was introduced as a new technology for reliable high data rate transmission. Since the system utilizes lower transmitting power relative to the other spread spectrum techniques and also principle part of the technique, frequency transition function (FTF), is designed privately and uniformly, the scheme is said to be safe and secure. In spite of previous researches, this paper shows that an intelligent eavesdropper may threat the security of the system by finding FTF and sending jamming signal toward authorized receivers. As a result, regular DFH can not provide consumers with security in wireless networks and hence we propose that FTF should be designed with... 

The present study was an attempt to explore international English-medium publication in humanities and social sciences in Iran. In so doing, 50 PhD students from 8 humanities and social sciences disciplines, who had already published or attempted to publish in English-medium journals, were requested to write reflection guide accounts and to take part in follow-up semi-structured interviews. The reflection guide and interview data were analyzed based on the principles of grounded theory research yielding the four major themes of motivations, hurdles, strategies, and call for support. The results indicated that the Iranian PhD students in the fields of humanities and social sciences are... 

A robotic manipulator is modelled as a cantilever rotating Euler-Bernoulli beam. Two dynamic transfer functions are derived to describe beam tip motion and angular rotation in terms of the desired angular rotation. Torque disturbance, imprecision in the payload mass, unknown properties of the manipulator link are sources of uncertainty. The objective is to achieve a desired angular rotation while the vibration of manipulator tip is suppressed. The control input of the system is an external driving torque. The -synthesis control approach is used and an H optimal robust controller is developed based on the DK-iteration algorithm. Results show that the designed controller guarantees the robust...