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Energy and Economic Analysis of Micro CHP Systems in Buildings
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sourena (Supervisor)
Abstract
In recent decades, due to economic, political and environmental issues, tend to use of the CHP systems (combined heating and power) have increased. CHP systems not only increase energy efficiency, but also decrease fuel consumption and emission levels of systems. The use of CHP technology in the industry has a long history, but the use of these systems in the commercial and residential sector, is considered, recently. As to the residential buildings, both electricity and thermal energy demands fluctuate seasonally and hourly, so it is necessary to take account of the plant’s annual operational strategies for the variations of load demands. In this paper, a nonlinear programming model is...
Characterizing the Optimum Energy Flow Model in a Building Using Internal Energy
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sourena (Supervisor)
Abstract
This study is a modeling for “building’s energy consumption” as well as selecting an optimum composition of technologies to meet a building’s needs, with an approach of reducing energy and facility costs . In modeling the energy stream to evaluate heating comfort and to calculate building’s heating load, the interaction between these two phenomena is assumed to be en block. The unique and en block study requires surveying mass and energy streams from all particles of a building, which are not traceable in simple static methods. This study assumes a building with following requests: heating load, cooling load,air conditioning and heat water. An optimum selection of facilities and...
Energy Conservation in The Gas Turbines of National Iranian Oil Company Considering Local Operational Conditions
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sourena (Supervisor)
Abstract
Low effiencies of equipments and lack of forecasting heat integration in some oil regions are the reasons of primary energy losses in these regions. Also there have been difficulties in providing electric power demands in regions separate from the state electricity network which is a barrier in front of exploiting all the potentials of the region. This research introduces a model that can lead to selection of optimal configuration of equipments and units in order to establish a CCHP system that answers variable electric, heating and cooling demands ensuring a safe margin of power generation. The model simultaneously has the ability to select between existing and new installable equipments....
Proposal of an Optimized ZLD System for Mine Effluent and Investigation of Valuable Material Extraction
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sourena (Supervisor)
Abstract
The aim of this study is to design a Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) treatment plant for mine effluent. For this purpose, wastewater from an iron ore mine was selected as a case study. Initially, recent studies on ZLD systems were reviewed, and a technically feasible process was designed to treat mine effluent with a ZLD approach. The designed process was then simulated using Aspen Plus software, and the results were utilized for an economic analysis. The simulation was performed under three design scenarios: (1) using external steam for energy supply, (2) utilizing waste heat, and (3) employing a steam compressor to superheat the saturated steam exiting the evaporative crystallizer and using...
Flare Gas Recovery and Transforming Them into Petrochemicals
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sourena (Supervisor)
Abstract
By combustion, waste toxic, flammable and corrosive materials are changed to less inviromental problems by combustion. It also creats environmental problems (the most serios problem is caused by burning gases), as well as economic resources are wasted. So several ways was investigated to reduce combustion gases. Mini-methanol plant is one of varios possible ways that can convert these gases in to methanol. So methanol plant was simulated and then pinch analysis was performed on the simulated plant. Performing of pinch analysis caused 94.5 percent and 25 percent reduction in amaunt of hot and cold utility respectively. Before and after pinch analysis, the exergy analysis was performed on...
Technical and Economical Feasibility Study of Using Flare Gas for Converting to Other Products in Iran
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sourena (Supervisor)
Abstract
The Increasing trend of gas flaring over oil fields and gas process systems in Iran not only causes several environmental problems, but makes the economical resources useless as well. Considering the high amount of flaring and old facilities, one of the best solutions is the recovery of the flare gas in Iran. It seems that collecting the flare gas is not possible in different sectors. Therefore, using a plant for converting flare gas to other products must be logical. In this project, the feasibility study of converting flare gas to other products is studied. For this reason, a methanol plant is simulated; whose input feed is the content of flare gas of the South of Iran (Marun and Siri)....
Flare Gas Reduction in Oil Refineries
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sourena (Supervisor)
Abstract
Off-gas flows in refineries normally consist of hydrogen, methane and heavy hydrocarbons which are burnt in flare. While the demand for hydrogen in refineries is increased and the required hydrogen is provided by steam reforming or partial oxidation of methane or other hydrocarbons, recovering the hydrogen from off-gasses can reduce the refineries losses and optimize it economically. The four main processes for hydrogen recovery unit are the Pressure Swing Adsorption process, Membrane process, Cryogenic process, and absorption process. In the present project besides, considering the process flexibility, reliability, and refinery off-gas properties such as pressure, temperature and mole...
Developing A Model for Evaluation of Energy Recovery From Flared Gas
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Saboohi, Yadollah (Supervisor) ; Sattari, Sourena (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
According to the World Bank, nearly 154 billion cubic meters of gas is flared in the world every year. Iran is known as the third gas flaring country by burning about 11.4 bcm (approximately 8% of the total amount). Flared gas is a rich gas and has a high heating value. Therefore flaring it equals to waste of a valuable source of energy. In addition, serious concerns about its environmental effects due to emission of considerable amounts of CO2, SOx, NOx and other pollutants, makes it necessary to find a solution to reduce gas flaring. There are several ways for flared gas utilization including electricity generation, injecting into oil wells for enhanced oil recovery, gas processing and...
Multi Objective Optimization of Distributed Energy Systems Considering Renewables and Fossil Fuel Resources
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari Khavas, Sourena (Supervisor) ; Roshandel, Ramin (Supervisor)
Abstract
Urban energy systems are responsible for the majority of the energy consumption around the world and they play an important role in energy issues such as economic security and climate change. Furthermore, there are growing concerns about the depletion of fossil fuel resources and the negative effect they have had on the ecosystem. To this end, a holistic and integrated approach is necessary for the optimal design and operation of urban energy systems that makes expressive betterment in energy efficiency and environmental impact. The aim of this research is to develop an optimum methodology for communities in the context of energy hub. The energy hub is a novel concept to systematically...
Presenting a Machine Learning-Based Approach for Predicting Thermal Runaway Phenomena in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs in Electric Vehicles
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sourena (Supervisor) ; Moeini Aghtaie, Moein (Supervisor)
Abstract
Nowadays, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles due to their higher energy density and longer life cycle compared to other storage systems. However, safety concerns about catastrophic risks like fires exist, caused by thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries. This study aims to provide an accurate electrochemical thermal model for predicting the phenomenon of thermal runaway. In recent years, researchers have conducted many numerical models that generally estimate input parameters. Accurate modeling of thermal runaway is challenging due to the wide range of physical properties and conditions. Therefore, understanding the importance of uncertainty in input parameters,...
An exact algorithm for the minimum dilation triangulation problem
, Article Journal of Global Optimization ; Volume 69, Issue 2 , 2017 , Pages 343-367 ; 09255001 (ISSN) ; Izadi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2017
Abstract
Given a triangulation of a point set on the plane, dilation of any pair of the points is the ratio of their shortest path length to their Euclidean distance. The maximum dilation over all pairs of points is called the dilation of this triangulation. Minimum dilation triangulation problem seeks a triangulation with the least possible dilation of an input point set. For this problem no polynomial time algorithm is known. We present an exact algorithm based on a branch and bound method for finding minimum dilation triangulations. This deterministic algorithm after generating an initial solution, iteratively computes a lower bound for the answer and then applies a branch and bound method to find...
Upper bounds for minimum dilation triangulation in two special cases
, Article Information Processing Letters ; Volume 133 , 2018 , Pages 33-38 ; 00200190 (ISSN) ; Izadi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2018
Abstract
Give a triangulation of a set of points on the plane, dilation of any two points is defined as the ratio between the length of the shortest path of these points and their Euclidean distance. Minimum dilation triangulation is a triangulation in which the maximum dilation between any pair of the points is minimized. We give upper bounds on the dilation of the minimum dilation triangulation for two kinds of point sets: An upper bound of nsin(π/n)/2 for a centrally symmetric convex point set containing n points, and an upper bound of 1.19098 for a set of points on the boundary of a semicircle. © 2018 Elsevier B.V
Ultra-low power frequency-shift keying demodulator based on injection-locking ring oscillator without using phase locked loop for wireless body area networks
, Article Electronics Letters ; Volume 53, Issue 16 , 2017 , Pages 1148-1150 ; 00135194 (ISSN) ; Safarian, A ; Sharif University of Technology
2017
Abstract
An ultra-low power frequency-shift keying (FSK) demodulator based on injection-locking ring oscillator for wireless body area networks is presented. The proposed system uses the power-efficient injectionlocking ring oscillator (ILRO) to replace the LC oscillator which occupies much more area on chip with higher power consumption. In addition, through the ILRO, the frequency modulated input signal is converted to a full swing rectangular signal, which can be directly demodulated by a chain of down-conversion passive mixers, lowpass filters and a comparator. Power efficiency and simplicity of the proposed structure eliminate conventional FSK demodulator based on power-hungry phase locked...
An improved upper bound on dilation of regular polygons
, Article Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications ; Volume 80 , 2019 , Pages 53-68 ; 09257721 (ISSN) ; Izadi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2019
Abstract
Dilation of a set of points on the plane is the lowest possible dilation of a plane spanner on the point set. We show that dilation of vertices of any regular polygon is less than 1.4482. We introduce a method for constructing a triangulation of a regular polygon and prove this bound on its dilation. The upper bound on dilation is shown using mathematical proofs and experimental results. The new upper bound improves the previously known bound of 1.48454. © 2019 Elsevier B.V
A parametric study on radiant floor heating system performance
, Article Renewable Energy ; Volume 31, Issue 10 , 2006 , Pages 1617-1626 ; 09601481 (ISSN) ; Farhanieh, B ; Sharif University of Technology
2006
Abstract
Efficient radiant heating systems are promising technologies for energy saving in commercial and building sectors together with improving occupant thermal comfort. However, the thermal performance of radiant systems in buildings has not been fully understood and accounted for in currently available building energy simulation software. In this paper, the effects of design parameters on performance of a typical radiant floor heating system have been studied using finite element method. A radiant heating system includes a number of pipes filled with hot water. Therefore, several design parameters such as pipe diameter, type (material), number, thickness and cover of system are affected on the...
Implementation of Energy Management System through the Formation of Energy Balance for Internal Parts of Buildings
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sorena (Supervisor)
Abstract
The purpose of this project is choosing optimal technologies of cooling and heating and production of usable hot water and also to use optimal thicknesses of heat isolating walls, roof, floor and heat isolating of hot water transfer piping that is done to minimize the expenses of technology, energy and maintenance of the technology. We did all of the above mentioned issues by depicting the energy balance. In this modeling, we first defined four scenarios. Then by using a linear mathematical model of integer, the optimum number of lamps selected in accordance with the standard lighting. In the next step, by using a nonlinear mathematical model, we defined the optimal thicknesses of insulators...
Development of Optimum Model Transient Energy Flow in the Residential Building Unit
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sorena (Supervisor)
Abstract
Analysis of energy flow which effectively leads to reducing energy consumption in buildings is of major importance. The following research is the development of methodology and simulation of energy in the residential buildings and realization of the methods by means of FORTRAN software. In the process of modeling energy flow, in order to evaluate thermal comfort and calculate building’s thermal load, the dynamic and integrated interaction of these parameters must be appraised. The continuous and integrated study required that Mass and energy flow, for various component of building, and their interaction be examined. These factors could not be assessed using simple and reliable methods. In...
Development of Energy Flow Optimum Model in the HVAC System of Residential Building Unit
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sorena (Supervisor)
Abstract
In the building, can be used variaty of Heating, Ventilating and Air conditioning systems. Among the items that affect to select the hvac system can be pointed to building thermal demand and system energy consumpsion. simulation of this systems is one of the ways that can compare hvac systems in the building. according to Iran needs for preparation of software for optimization of energy carriers consumption in building proportional with existing matrials and equipment in the country, in this research has been tried methodology and modeling of hvac systems in the way developed that producted software is capable simply and practical for engineers be operational in a residential unit. In realy...
Technical and Economic Modeling Techniques to Improve Efficiency of Gas Turbine Cycle in Different Operational Conditions
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sorena (Supervisor)
Abstract
Gas turbine is one of most widely used in power plants to generate electricity or mechanical power options in the industry , which is having its own advantages and disadvantages . if the turbine use simple , efficiency is generally below 33%. . After installing and employ , these turbines produce efficiency less than their nominal amount . The methods no change in structure exist that increase the efficiency or power of the turbine to acceptable level .In this thesis, gas turbine and to improvement performance methods has been studied . gas turbine with the methods are simulated to obtain the effect of each method in different environmental conditions . Economic sensitivity analysis...
Technical and Economical Feasibility Study of Using Solar Assisted Ground Source Heat Pumps in Iran
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sattari, Sorna (Supervisor)
Abstract
This research presents technical and economical feasibility study of using solar assisted ground source heat pumps (SAGSHPs) in different climatic zones of Iran. In order to evaluate technical and economical parameters of SAGSHPs, Iran is divided in to six main climatic zones including Tehran, Tabriz, Yazd, Rasht, Bandar abbas and Ardabil. Cooling and heating demands for a 1000 m2 residential building is calculated for each city, using modified bin method. Then a technical model has been developed by MATLAB software in order to evaluate systems optimal scale for supplying energy demands in each city. An economical model has been developed as well, to evaluate system’s annual energy savings...