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Efficient Management of River Water Quality Based on Pollution Trading Approach
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor)
Abstract
“Sustainable development” is a frequently used phrase, but the idiom has been experienced little since it was coined by the Brundtland, due to its intrinsic complications. The issue is going to compromise two key components; economy and ecology. One of the solutions based on concept of sustainable development that has been proposed for maintaining water quality at acceptable levels is to cap pollutant emissions at a sustainable level, then establish an economic market in which the right to discharge pollutants is traded according to market supply and demand mechanisms. Water quality trading or pollution trading is one such kind of market-based program that has also been described using names...
Hydro-economical Method for the Optimal Capacity Design of Small Hydropower Plant (Case Study: Kohneh Lahijan Hydropower Plant)
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this thesis, we determine the optimal capacity of the power plants considering site specifications and Flow Duration Curve and evaluating economic parameters. Finally a design with more sufficient economical and hydrualical performance would be selected. The optimization algorithm used in this thesis is called "Charged System search" that is one of the newest meta-heuristic algorithms. This algorithm is inspired by the coulomb and gauss's laws of electrostatics in physics and utilizes a number of charged particles which influence each other based on their fitness values and their separation distances considering the governing law of coulomb.The proposed method in this thesis can be...
GIS Based Procedure to Determine Location of Cascade Small Hydropower Plants Case Study, Nokhan Area
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor)
Abstract
Coinciding with the worldwide environmental issues and increasing demand for clean energy sources, hydropower plants have highly attracted decision- makers attention. Low manufacturing costs and pollutions which are made by these plants in comparison with another types of powerhouses, could be reason of that. And so on, hydropower locating and evaluating studies have been highly increased recently, specifically in developing countries. From the point of operation procedure, hydropower plants are generally divided in two types, run-of-he-river and storage projects. This study has concentrated on run-of-he-river projects and due to spotting plant location, Sefidbarg river basin...
Investigation of bed Stability in Downstream for the Diversion dam under Scour (Mill & Moghan case study)
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor)
Abstract
Numerical simulations and large eddy simulations (LES) of turbulent flow downstream of diversion dam , pool-riffle bedform in different geometrical ratios (different lengths of riffle and pool) with flow Reynolds number of 3.0 E+04 to 3.3E+04, downstream of special case study "Mill and Moghan diversion dam" with Froude number of 0.5 are presented The calculations are performed using a computational fluid dynamics model, FLOW-3D, which solves the Navier-Stokes equations in three dimensions with finite volume method. Numerical simulations are validated by comparing the numerical results of time-averaged flow patterns downstream of pool-riffle sequence with that of the experimental...
Assessment of Optimum Environmental Flows Using Economic Evaluation Methods
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor)
Abstract
One of the main challenges of Water Resources Planning and Management (WRPM) is to balance water allocation between different uses. Usually, due to political and economic power of other uses, ecosystem receives less attention. Environmental flow is the allocated flow to ecosystem. Ecosystem provides a wide range of services to humanity. Therefore, environmental flow is not exclusively a matter of sustaining ecosystem but also a matter of providing humans with better life. Several methods have been developed to determine the environmental flow but only a few consider its socio-economic aspects. Consideration of these aspects could assist decision-makers with determining the optimum flow and...
Application of Gis & Fuzzy Technique for Order-Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (Topsis) in Siting Water Reservoires
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor)
Abstract
Sustainable agricultural development in the country without regard to water supply problems in terms of time and place is not possible. Construction of water storage tanks filled with water and seasonal use in dry seasons in the effective action in the optimal use of water in the climate of (low and irregular rainfall) is. The most important step in the construction of water storage tanks to choose the best point for the construction of the reservoir basin in order to reduce costs and increase efficiency. Chndmyarh different methods to decide the best option for finding a few options from there. Among these methods can be Tapsys two methods (TOPSIS) and hierarchical analysis (AHP) pointed...
Estimation of Pressure Fluctuation Coefficient in Stilling Basins Using Computational Intelligent Models
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor)
Abstract
Hydraulic jump is a significant hydraulic phenomenon that occurs in stilling basins and causes energy dissipation of water flow. Due to the severe pressure fluctuations, cavitation, and fatigue damage to concrete materials, hydraulic jump can cause damage to the stilling basin and its related components. Therefore, studying pressure fluctuations is one of the essential topics in the safe design and operation of stilling basins. Due to the nonlinear relationship between the effective variables in the pressure fluctuation phenomenon, the use of computational intelligent models that can extract the relationship between the effective variables is necessary. In this study, laboratory data...
Provide a Model for the Sitting of Hydroelectric Power Plants Using GIS and Multiple Criteria Decision FTOPSIS: A Case From Kelas Basin
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor)
Abstract
Nowadays due to increasing environmental considerations and effort to reducing of the fossil fuels consumption, the necessity of hydroelectric power plants development is emerged. The purpose of this study is to suggest a method of spatial analysis for finding sites with appropriate potential for construction of these power plants, using TOPSIS and GIS. In this research, using the Python programming language, in software environment of Arc GIS version 9.3, local hydrological model was generated using the DEM layer and using of streams ordering methods, the overall situation along the river were processed. In the next step, with using of fuzzy TOPSIS algorithm implementation in software...
Multicriteria Decision Making in Water Resources Planning and Management using Fuzzy Sets
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor)
Abstract
Water resources planning and management projects are done in order to accomplish several goals. Moreover, social, environmental, political etc impacts of such projects increase the complexity of the problem of choosing the best alternative among others. The project of diversion of water form Zab Watershed into Lake Urmia Watershed is one of these projects which regarding water demands and problems in Lake Urmia Watershed and also Zab Watershed water resources that exceed its water demands has been considered. Therefore, after conducting research studies, five locations have been determined as potential places to build a dam on the Zab River and transferring its water to Lake Urmia Watershed....
Hydraulic Evaluation and Pressure Estimation in Two-Phase Air-Water Slug Flow Using Soft Computing
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Borghei, Shamsai (Supervisor) ; Shamsaee, Abolfazl (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
Study of hydraulic characteristics of two-phase flow is one of the important issues in hydraulic engineering. Two-phase flows usually accur in hydraulic structures such as pressurized flow tunnels, culverts, sewer pipes, junctions, and similar conduits. Under certain conditions, air may also be introduced into pressurized intake systems, which may form large bubbles in portions of the pipe. The bubbles may, in turn, cause an unstable slug flow, or other flow patterns. Slug flow is one of the most probable patterns in these flows. Prediction of pressure in this situation is a complex subject which despite its great importance is rarely discussed. In this study, the results of a laboratory...
Investigating Sediment Transport in Deep Reservoirs Using the 3D Numerical Model MIKE3
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor) ; Ghaemial, Mohsen (Supervisor)
Abstract
Nowadays, in the world and our country, Iran, sediment transport and the phenomenon of sedimentation are of great importance. The entry of water flow with suspended sediments into the dam reservoir by floods with different return periods during the initial period of dam construction causes a considerable part of the helpful volume of the reservoir to be filled with sediments. As a result, the discharge of these sediments and the methods that exist in this field should be studied so that a large volume of reservoir water is not wasted during the discharge of these sediments. In this research, the opening time and extent of the bottom outlets of Qeshlaq Dam when the flood enters the reservoir...
Modelling and Prediction of Water Quality of Dam Reservoir Using CE-QUAL-W2 Model and Machine Learning Methods (Case Study: Shahr Bijar Dam)
,
M.Sc. Thesis
Sharif University of Technology
;
Shamsai, Abolfazl
(Supervisor)
;
Ghaemian, Mohsen
(Supervisor)
Abstract
Dams are constructed for various purposes, including flood control, drinking water supply, agriculture irrigation, electricity generation, etc. The dam converts the river's natural and dynamic flow into a stagnant artificial lake where humans control the outflow of water, reducing the velocity of water movement and increasing residence time, followed by the entry and accumulation of nutrients in the reservoir, resulting in phenomena such as thermal stratification and eutrophication. Due to the changing climatic conditions of Iran and sudden droughts and wet periods, the need to monitor the water level of dam reservoirs and their water quality to keep them in the best operational condition...
Numerical Modelling of Sediment Transport in Reservoirs using OpenFOAM Software – Case Study: Dez Reservoir
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghaemian, Mohsen (Supervisor) ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor)
Abstract
The construction of dams at river mouths disrupts the balance between erosion and sedimentation rates, leading to sediment accumulation in dam reservoirs. Sediment accumulation behind dams reduces the reservoir's effective storage capacity, decreases water inflow to power plants, and endangers power generation facilities when sediment levels reach the dam's intake structures. This research investigates and numerically models sediment transport in the Dez Dam reservoir using OpenFOAM software. With a height of 203 meters and crest width of 212 meters, the Dez Dam is Iran's most important dam. For this modeling, the sediDriftFoam solver - an Eulerian approach solver that calculates transported...
Numerical Simulation of Hydrodynamics of Flow over Gabion Stepped Weir
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor) ; Ghaemian, Mohsen (Co-Supervisor)
Abstract
The use of stepped weirs dates back at least 3500 years. In this research, the hydrodynamics of gabion stepped weirs have been investigated as a three-dimensional simulation of two-phase flow air-water using Flow3D software and the method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. In order to solve the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, the RNG turbulence model (k-ε) was used and the free surface elevation of fluid was determined by the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The experimental results of Wutrish and Chanson (2014) over gabion stepped weirs are used to validate the numerical model simulations. Gabion stepped weirs with steps of 3, 7.5, and 10 cm in height, as well as...
Estimating the Scour Depth Downstream of Ski-Jump Bucket Spillways Using Soft Computing Models
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghaemiyan, Mohsen (Supervisor) ; Shamsai, Abolfazl (Supervisor)
Abstract
Spillways are among the most critical hydraulic structures constructed to discharge excess water beyond the dam reservoir's capacity. Ski-jump bucket spillways are among the most frequently used types of spillways . In such spillways, water flows rapidly from the crest's edge to a point on the downstream riverbed of the dam and impacts the ground at high speed. The resulting high-velocity water jet can create a scour hole downstream of the spillway. Therefore, an important and fundamental issue in engineering hydraulic structures is the accurate estimation of the scour depth downstream of ski jump bucket spillways and ensuring the stability of the dam and its surrounding structures. In...
Design of Water Conveyance Systems Route Applying Satellite Images, Geographic Information System(GIS) & Genetic Algorithm
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Shamsai, Abulfazl (Supervisor)
Abstract
To reduce construction costs selecting the optimal route for water conveyance line entails ample observation and considering all effective parameters. Some part of Aidoghmoush dam project of water conveyance line located in Azerbijan the east has been investigated in this research. First, by investigating, effective factors in determining the optimal route have been identified and then categorized into two groups of quantitative criteria(technical-economical) and qualitative criteria(environmental). Quantitative objectives include: slope, transportation system, infrastructures, fault and soil type. Qualitative objectives include: environmental considerations, land use and land cover. Because...
Finite volume discretization of flow in porous media by the MATLAB system
, Article Scientia Iranica ; Volume 11, Issue 1-2 , 2004 , Pages 146-152 ; 10263098 (ISSN) ; Vosoughifar, H. R ; Sharif University of Technology
Sharif University of Technology
2004
Abstract
In this paper, a finite volume scheme is used to discretize flow in porous media. A numerical method for treating advection-dominated contaminant transport for flow of groundwater is described. This system combines the advantages of numerical discretization and the finite volume method (like local mass conservation). The equations are dicretized using a finite volume approach. The resulting nonlinear differential system is integrated in time using a solver. The conservation of energy (convection-diffusion) equation is solved using a special method for reducing the oscillation induced by the standard finite volume method. Consequently, a mathematical model for multi-component flow transport...
Hydropower plant site spotting using geographic information system and a MATLAB based algorithm
, Article Journal of Cleaner Production ; Volume 152 , 2017 , Pages 7-16 ; 09596526 (ISSN) ; Khanian, M ; Shamsai, A ; Sharif University of Technology
2017
Abstract
Meanwhile with increasing demand for energy sources in the world, hydropower plants can be considered as clean energy sources for sustainable development. Hydropower plant environmental impact is almost none. They are easy to construct and operate with much lower cost in comparison with other types of power plants. Currently in Iran, Conventional methods for determining hydropower plant potent location are very complicated and do not always eventuated to the best result. This study focuses on run of river projects and proposes a new methodology to spot hydropower plan best location according to specific engineering criteria, using ArcGIS and an algorithm developed in MATLAB. An economic...
How to quantify sustainable development: A risk-based approach to water quality management
, Article Environmental Management ; Volume 41, Issue 2 , 2008 , Pages 200-220 ; 0364152X (ISSN) ; Vahedi, A ; Shamsai, A ; Sharif University of Technology
2008
Abstract
Since the term was coined in the Brundtland report in 1987, the issue of sustainable development has been challenged in terms of quantification. Different policy options may lend themselves more or less to the underlying principles of sustainability, but no analytical tools are available for a more in-depth assessment of the degree of sustainability. Overall, there are two major schools of thought employing the sustainability concept in managerial decisions: those of measuring and those of monitoring. Measurement of relative sustainability is the key issue in bridging the gap between theory and practice of sustainability of water resources systems. The objective of this study is to develop a...
Advanced nonlinear dynamic analysis of arch dams considering joints effects
, Article Advances in Mechanical Engineering ; Volume 201 , 2014 ; ISSN: 16878132 ; Ghaemian, M ; Shamsai, A ; Sharif University of Technology
2014
Abstract
Influence of joints behavior on arch dams operation during the earthquakes is investigated. The case study is the Karun-1 double curvature arch dam with the height of 200 meters. The arch dam-foundation-reservoir systems are modeled with and without joints and estimate the effects of contraction and lift joints on stresses and displacements response histories for assessing the earthquake performance. According to nolinear dynamical analysis results, inclusion of the contraction and lift joints considerably influenced the dam response