Sharif Digital Repository

Considering the drastical increasing of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, especially carbon dioxide, reduction of these gases seems necessary to combat global warming. Fossil fuel power plants are one of the main sources of CO2 emission. In this thesis, CO2 capture from a natural gas fired combined cycle power plant using different oxygen percent in air feed is studied. Aspen Plus was used to evaluate the effect of this capture technology on the plant efficiency and energetic parameters of the system. Aspen Hysys is used to simulate Amine absorption tower and Air Separation cryogenic tower. Since the oxygen production plant, CO2 capture and transport are cost and energy intensive, the cost... 

Fog computing environment consists of several devices which distribute across an arbitrary topology. Each of these devices is capable of carrying out a designated computation simultaneously with other devices. One of the common ways of describing a computation is through the usage of workflows. Workflow is a flexible and formal way of modeling tasks and their requirements for execution. A workflow is essentially a DAG. Therefore, it can model the data dependency between tasks quite accurately. The complex structure of a workflow in conjunction with the homogenous nature of devices in a fog environment makes it difficult to find a resource management algorithm to minimize execution time, used... 

This project focuses on the design of fuel drop tanks for airplanes that add minimal drag and positive lift to the flying object. This will obviously effect the stability and dynamic performance of the airplane. To reduce adverse dynamic effects the tank was divided to several segment with a special emptying sequence. The add-on tank has to have no interference with the object existing systems and require minimum structural changes in the object. Several designs were proposed and the one gaining highest marks was selected. The flow field and the dynamic behavior of combined vehicle and drop tanks were studied using FE simulations. The result shows that adding a drop tank with optimized... 

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death and mortality. among these diseases, heart muscle inability, especially acute decompensated heart failure is very common. There are several methods to diagnose and monitor this disease, but a method that is accurate, non-invasive, portable and easy to access and easy to measure without multiple visits to the clinic; Priority for use. Early detection and continuous monitoring of fluid status by measuring the bio-impedance (Bio-Z) measurement of thoracic magnitude or phase is critical in reducing the mortality of chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. In this dissertation, for monitoring chronic heart failure, bio-impedance chips with... 

Cancer can be defined as a stochastic phenomenon. Thus, the tumor growth can be defined as a stochastic process. A Cancer tumor can be analyzed by its geometric shape. Furthermore, computing fractal dimension of shapes is a useful technique to analyze chaosity and complexity of shapes. This approach can be used to compare results from laboratory with simulated results of a mathematical model. A stochastic model of tumor growth will be presented. And some geometrical properties will be analyzed through computer simulation of the model  

A significant large amount of modern SOCs is occupied by SRAMs. Nowadays more than 70% of the Microprocessor area is occupied by SRAMs. This reinforces the need to design a more compact SRAM. With the increase in the processors speed, memories speed needs to be increased to enhance the overall throughput. Current Sense Amplifiers have partially solved the problem. However the area occupied by these amplifiers is still a large amount. The input offset is also not negligible. Due to their cascode configuration, these circuits cannot be scaled with the voltage scaling. In this thesis we proposed a new hybrid sense amplifier with an added phase, so the input offset can be cancelled with a large... 

A significant large amount of modern SOCs is occupied by SRAMs. Nowadays more than 70% of the Microprocessor area is occupied by SRAMs. The fast growth of battery-operated portable applications has compelled the SRAM designers to consider subthreshold operation as a viable choice to reduce the power consumption. In most such applications, the speed of the SRAM is not the challenging parameter therefore the thrust toward low power design influence the design choices in various parts of the SRAM architecture. With technology scaling to the nanometer, Bitline leakage current and offset voltage deteriorate SRAM reading performance since SRAM cell current is close to the Bitline leakage current.... 

Digital video is one of the biggest part of digital data. The first step of digital video analytics is shot boundary detection. We used overlapped partitioning beside color histogram in uncompressed data and macroblock type prediction in compressed data as feature and supervised classifiers for decision making. Tests on TRECVID 2006 shows 8.9% improvement of F-measure in uncompressed video and 5.3% in h.264 bitstream. Supplementary test is done on IRIB dataset which shows 5.7% improvement of F-measure in uncompressed and 3.2% in H.264. H.264 based algorithm is almost 7 times faster in comparison to the algorithm that includes decoding  

With the rapid development of the communication technology, the demand for secure data transferring is inevitable. In this regard, all of secure systems such as Sim-Cards, Smart Cards, to name but a few, enjoy crypto hardware in order to encrypt data. The palpitating heart of these apparatuses, that is, processor, is based on well-known cryptographic algorithms such as AES, RSA, etc. In short, the security depends on the hidden key and in e. g., AES-128 bit, time to disclose the key is in order of 2128. Therefore, no computer can disclosure it in that this period is approximately equivalent to 1032 years in case of the processing computer runs on a 1GHz clock frequency, and a try-out of a... 

Energy harvesting from wasted environmental energy to power low-power electronic devices has emerged as an enabling technology for wireless applications in the past decade. The purpose of this technology is to provide remote power sources and/or recharge storage devices such as batteries and capacitors. This concept has environmental implications in reducing chemical waste produced by replacing batteries and potential monetary benefits that also reduce maintenance costs.Energy harvesting (EH) from untapped natural energy sources is common nowadays due to the increasing demand for electricity. Sources have the potential to generate micro to milliwatt power, depending on environmental... 

SRAM has a very wide application in different platforms including Cache Memory in Microcontrollers, etc. also SRAM is the first candidate for memory usage in every application needing High speed or static memory circuits. SRAM Cells are constructed by Minimum size transistors in each technology node and usually the newest technology nodes are used for building SRAM blocks for accommodating maximum number of SRAM Cells in a specific area. Going through smaller technology nodes, Leakage current and Process variations problem, creates serious difficulties in designing Low Power or High speed SRAM Memories and many academic and industrial works are done wishing for improvement in SRAM power... 

Successive Approximation Register (SAR) Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) converts an analog signal to a digital code based on binary search. In contrast to other converters, such as Pipeline and Flash ADCs, most of the SAR ADC components are digital, hence, SAR ADC is technology scalable. Therefore, designed using smaller tehcnologies, SAR ADCs are able to operate at a higher frequency with a lower power consumption and area. The main focus of this thesis is to reduce power consumption, although the proposed techniques and circuits are able to improve other features such as precision, area, or speed.Considering Digital to Analog Converter (DAC), a low-power structure and a novel method to... 

Cardiovascular diseases stand as leading contributors to human mortality and disability, with heart muscle diseases, particularly acute and chronic failures, prevalent among them. While various diagnostic methods exist, an accurate, non-invasive, portable, easily accessible, and minimally disruptive approach for monitoring, requiring no frequent clinic visits, takes precedence. Early diagnosis and continuous fluid status monitoring through bioimpedance measurements of chest size are crucial in mitigating the mortality associated with these diseases. Utilizing bioimpedance as a non-invasive signal, this system facilitates ongoing vital parameter monitoring, treatment strategy optimization,... 

The effects of combined task demands on the way muscles are recruited to balance external loads during posture and movement is of great importance in quantitative analysis of upper arm function. Pain and disability of shoulder joint is becoming more important as population spends more often interacting with computers in seated position and carrying repetitive tasks using upper extremities. Shoulder joint that is more dependent on the muscles for its normal function than other joints such as hip due to its small articular surface and large range motion has been used here to study its coordination during isometric exertions. Since, the numbers of tasks that could be performed are enormous. In...