Sharif Digital Repository

Knowledge based companies have a very important role in progress toward an economy based on knowledge and technology. One of the most important issues about these companies is pattern of Learning Technological capabilities. This issue and the question about the focus of companies about acquire and development of technological capabilities are subjects that have instructive points for both minor and major scales, for companies themselves, and public directing and investing. In this paper pattern of learning of technological capabilities are reviewed for four Knowledge based companies in electronics equipment industry, also the time needed for acquiring levels of technological capabilities for... 

Our country in no measure is considered as an industrial one, despite its chain of small, medium and large industries. The vague, general “developing” term might be the best term to assign to economic-industrial condition of our country. We have a fairly limited number of big industrial firms (BIF) which could continue operation without state’s supports in a world BIFs are considered as the key indices in industrial development. The question comes to mind with reading what came above is this study’s main question, “What went wrong?”. This study follows the historical approach to the question through a comprehensive case study. Historical case-study thus is our main research approach here.... 

New century came with changes in a series of global macro trends, especially a greater dispersion of knowledge, which undermines the effectiveness of innovation based on internal R&D. Many of successful organizations responded to this problem by opening their borders to exchange ideas and make cooperation with external actors in their innovation activities, which is known as "open innovation". Innovation in the defense industry, which always deals with challenges to keep its readiness alive, is traditionally based on internal R&D. These industries, as well as civilian industries, face the new macro trends including budget cut and knowledge dispersion, which reduces the effectiveness of their... 

The purpose of this study is to find the conflicting assumptions of the main actors in the legislation process of Knowledge-based Act. Collecting and classifying all documents related to this policy process, and based on interviews with main actors involved in this process (with different objectives) and using thematic analysis, we first attempt to classify the main actors involved in the process. Second, we analyze the conflicting paradigms which have led to political conflicts in the process. This analysis helps to improve the policy process of similar acts in future  

Economic growth and development are among the most critical challenges for policymakers in developing countries. The evolution of companies, especially large companies, has always been one of the main factors of economic growth in many studies on economic growth. Many developing countries have policies in place to support business groups. Still, these firms stop growing after they have grown to a certain extent and do not have technological innovation capability. In Iran, various policies have been adopting to support the growth of companies. However, only a handful of companies have achieved this capability. This study aims to understand the factors that have led Mapna Business Group in the... 

Financing is an important barrier in growth path of small and medium-sized technology-based firms. Using guarantee letters to ease access of such firms to credit, is one way to encounter this barrier. In this study, the pioneer research and technology fund in offering this service to technology-based firms in Iran have been considered. Credit guarantee issuance records of this fund illustrates that none of credit guarantee letters certified by this fund has been defaulted yet. Comparison of fund’s credit scoring model with Chandler’s framework for organizational capabilities reveals that the fund does not investigate marketing and managerial capabilities in its credit scoring model. So, the... 

After several decades, artificial intelligence has been able to turn a science fiction dream into a reality and enter the arenas of international competition. Given the capacity of artificial intelligence to bring about change in society and the economy, experts refer to it as a new industrial revolution that can also affect national power and bring about change at the international level. Due to the growing importance of this technology, the world's powerful countries are seeking to achieve this knowledge and progress in it. But among the countries worldwide, the main competition in the field of artificial intelligence is between China and the United States. China has grown significantly... 

The thesis attempts to investigate one of the factors influencing enterprise innovation, namely, innovation cooperation, its types and its diversity by using the data of about 2,500 companies in different fields of industry of national innovation survey that had been collected in 1395 hijri. In this research, firstly, by reviewing the literature on the field of innovative cooperation and the performance of enterprise innovation, the model of the association of colleagues with innovation performance has been extracted. In the following, it answers to this question is whether the cooperation with colleagues is essentially affecting the innovation performance of Iranian firms or not? The... 

The purpose of this study is to provide a framework to demonstrate the organizational capabilities of chemical knowledge-based firms and analyze the relationship between these capabilities and exports. For this purpose, by combining 18 different output-based indicators, a model that includes six technological, manufacturing, research and development, marketing, organization and finance capabilities, was designed. Finally, in addition to analyzing the relationship between exports and the level of capabilities of knowledge-based firms, a comparison between the two groups of export and non-export firms and the analysis of these firms' current export situation was made in the period 2015-2018.... 

Development of science and technology has been a main focus of Iranian policy makers in recent years. Knowledge based companies have been considered as a key player in this respect. However, Iranian policy making system is suffering from a lack of sophisticated understanding rooted in empirical evidences of critical factors influencing the performance of domestic knowledge based companies. This dissertation aims to provide an initial ground by studying the organizational capabilities which have influenced the success of such firms and comparing them with organizational capabilities which are mentioned in the related literature. For this purpose, four companies which are supposed to be... 

This Thesis identifies the pattern of technological learning in developing complex products systems (CoPS). The experiences of Iran in missile development in the defense industry has been studied to explain the learning process in attaining indigenous technological capability. The case study of TOW missile development including international technology transfers has been explored to investigate the technological learning patterns. The role of policy initiatives had excessive importance through technological learning in the case study  

Technological capabilities as one of the growth’s aspects in developing countries have gained focus for research in last years. This study attempt to analyze the pattern of technological capabilities in four different sectors including Optic, Aerospace, Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology. In each sectors four Iranian companies as the case studies are selected. After deep interviews with key people in each company, required data is gathered. Data in each company is analyzed. The results of analysis for companies in one sector are gathered for analyzing each sector. In order to evaluate technological capabilities, the time required to improve, lead-lag relationship for gaining higher levels of... 

Social enterprises are organisations comprised of two conflicting logics: social and commercial. However, simultaneous commitment to both logics often leads to tensions, making social enterprises fragile organisations at the risk of mission drift. The extant literature on hybridity highlights two important overall strategies – integration and differentiation - for managing tensions. However, integration or differentiation alone can create additional problems, which is especially true in the case of differentiation, creating a situation comparable to black and white, with a salient faultline and heated conflicts. In this inductive qualitative case study, responding to the recent call in the... 

Michael Zimmerman in his book Living with Uncertainty has objected to two views of moral obligation, namely objective and subjective view. Two overcome these problems he suggests a third view which he calls prospective view and tells us that our moral obligation is determined by the prospection that each of our choices give us. In this thesis first I review Zimmerman’s objections to objective and subjective view. Then I try to suggest a solution for the objective view  

This dissertation consists of three chapters. In the first chapter, a description of formation of Darwin's theory of Evolution is expressed. After that, the process of formation of modern theory of Evolution, along with an explanation of the theory of evolution and the evidence for it was mentioned. In the second season, which is responsible for the scientific study of the theory, at some point the evidence of this theory has been reviewed. After that, some of the challenges raised against this theory have been studied. The major scientific challenges described in this chapter is based on recent advances made in biology, based on that, the mechanism of theory can’t explain the complex... 

In Naming and Necessity and Identity and Necessity, Kripke convinced many that there are necessary propositions which are knowable only a posteriori. Kripke’s examples of these propositions can be placed into three categories: 1) Some mathematical propositions like Goldbach’s conjecture (the conjecture that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes) 2) Scientific truths like “Water is H2O”, “Gold has the atomic number 79”, etc. 3) Identity statements flanked on both sides with proper names; like “Hesperus is Phosphorus”, “Cicero is Tully” and the like (in the rest of this article, these three categories will be called, respectively, the first, the second and...