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souzanchi-kashani--erahim
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The Sustainability of Social Enterprises Exposed to Conflicting Institution: Case Study of Resalat Qard Al-Hasan Bank
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Mashayekhi, Alinaghi (Supervisor) ; Souzanchi Kashani, Erahim (Supervisor)
Abstract
Social enterprises are organisations comprised of two conflicting logics: social and commercial. However, simultaneous commitment to both logics often leads to tensions, making social enterprises fragile organisations at the risk of mission drift. The extant literature on hybridity highlights two important overall strategies – integration and differentiation - for managing tensions. However, integration or differentiation alone can create additional problems, which is especially true in the case of differentiation, creating a situation comparable to black and white, with a salient faultline and heated conflicts. In this inductive qualitative case study, responding to the recent call in the...
Experts against precaution: Analyzing the process of biosafety regulation in Iran
, Article New Genetics and Society ; Volume 35, Issue 1 , 2016 , Pages 29-48 ; 14636778 (ISSN) ; Millstone, E ; Sharif University of Technology
Routledge
2016
Abstract
The process of preparing and enacting a bio1safety law in Iran lasted more than a decade. This paper examines the process of biosafety policy-making in Iran in relation to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB) and to domestic Iranian factors. While some scholars argued that the CPB would be influential in developing countries, our findings indicate that it was not particularly important in Iranian biosafety legislation. This paper outlines the internal Iranian political processes, which initially envisaged a very precautionary approach, but which concluded with a biosafety law designed to promote the adoption of these technologies. Reference will be made to the changing influence of...
Evolution of innovation system literature: Intellectual bases and emerging trends
, Article Technological Forecasting and Social Change ; Volume 146 , 2019 , Pages 68-80 ; 00401625 (ISSN) ; Roshani, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Inc
2019
Abstract
The evolution of innovation system literature is scrutinized to delineate the conceptual trends over the past 30 years. We applied the Sigma index which is supposed to include not only the frontier contributions in the field but also the intellectual bases conveying transformative concepts. Our examination shows that after the establishment of the National Innovation System (NIS)as a principal framework, Regional IS literature emerged as a main branch during the period of 2002–2007, while Technological IS developed as the second main branch from 2007 to 2012. Surprisingly, Sectoral IS has not yet generated a separate constellation, whereas the period after 2012 mainly witnessed the emergence...
Pattern of Learning of Technological Capabilities in Knowledge Based Firms: Cases in Electronics Equipment Industry
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Souzanchi Kashani, Ebrahim (Supervisor)
Abstract
Knowledge based companies have a very important role in progress toward an economy based on knowledge and technology. One of the most important issues about these companies is pattern of Learning Technological capabilities. This issue and the question about the focus of companies about acquire and development of technological capabilities are subjects that have instructive points for both minor and major scales, for companies themselves, and public directing and investing. In this paper pattern of learning of technological capabilities are reviewed for four Knowledge based companies in electronics equipment industry, also the time needed for acquiring levels of technological capabilities for...
A Historical Analysis of the Evolution of Dominant Industrial Development Approaches in the Age of Pahlavi in Iran
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Souzanchi Kashani, Ebrahim (Supervisor)
Abstract
Our country in no measure is considered as an industrial one, despite its chain of small, medium and large industries. The vague, general “developing” term might be the best term to assign to economic-industrial condition of our country. We have a fairly limited number of big industrial firms (BIF) which could continue operation without state’s supports in a world BIFs are considered as the key indices in industrial development. The question comes to mind with reading what came above is this study’s main question, “What went wrong?”. This study follows the historical approach to the question through a comprehensive case study. Historical case-study thus is our main research approach here....
Introducing a Framework for Measuring Open Innovation in Iran Defense Industry
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Souzanchi Kashani, Ebrahim (Supervisor)
Abstract
New century came with changes in a series of global macro trends, especially a greater dispersion of knowledge, which undermines the effectiveness of innovation based on internal R&D. Many of successful organizations responded to this problem by opening their borders to exchange ideas and make cooperation with external actors in their innovation activities, which is known as "open innovation". Innovation in the defense industry, which always deals with challenges to keep its readiness alive, is traditionally based on internal R&D. These industries, as well as civilian industries, face the new macro trends including budget cut and knowledge dispersion, which reduces the effectiveness of their...
The dynamics of university-industry-government relationships in Nanoscience: investigating the Triple-Helix differences between Iran and Switzerland
, Article Technology Analysis and Strategic Management ; Volume 31, Issue 7 , 2019 , Pages 817-832 ; 09537325 (ISSN) ; Zarghami, H. R ; Sharif University of Technology
Routledge
2019
Abstract
This study aims to find the differences between national and international relationships in Iran and Switzerland’s Nanoscience research between 2008–2015. The results show significant differences some of which are attributed to the general dichotomy of developed-developing countries like stronger University-Industry-Government relations in Switzerland; but others are not, especially those pertaining to bilateral relations. In summary, the Government-Industry relations in Switzerland are generally closer in this field because the emerging characteristics of Nanoscience call for more state intervention, even in the context of developed countries. Greater Government-University relations in Iran...
Analysis of Conflicting Assumptions in the Policy Process of Legislation Process of Knowledge-Based Act Using aFraming Framework
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Souzanchi Kashani, Ebrahim (Supervisor)
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to find the conflicting assumptions of the main actors in the legislation process of Knowledge-based Act. Collecting and classifying all documents related to this policy process, and based on interviews with main actors involved in this process (with different objectives) and using thematic analysis, we first attempt to classify the main actors involved in the process. Second, we analyze the conflicting paradigms which have led to political conflicts in the process. This analysis helps to improve the policy process of similar acts in future
Investigating the Influential Factors on Mapna Business Group's Achievement of Technological Innovation Capability in the Power Plant Industry
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Souzanchi Kashani, Ebrahim (Supervisor)
Abstract
Economic growth and development are among the most critical challenges for policymakers in developing countries. The evolution of companies, especially large companies, has always been one of the main factors of economic growth in many studies on economic growth. Many developing countries have policies in place to support business groups. Still, these firms stop growing after they have grown to a certain extent and do not have technological innovation capability. In Iran, various policies have been adopting to support the growth of companies. However, only a handful of companies have achieved this capability. This study aims to understand the factors that have led Mapna Business Group in the...
Analysis of Firm-level Factors Fffects in Success of Financing with Credit Guarantee-Case Study of Iranian Technology Fund
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Souzanchi Kashani, Ebrahim (Supervisor)
Abstract
Financing is an important barrier in growth path of small and medium-sized technology-based firms. Using guarantee letters to ease access of such firms to credit, is one way to encounter this barrier. In this study, the pioneer research and technology fund in offering this service to technology-based firms in Iran have been considered. Credit guarantee issuance records of this fund illustrates that none of credit guarantee letters certified by this fund has been defaulted yet. Comparison of fund’s credit scoring model with Chandler’s framework for organizational capabilities reveals that the fund does not investigate marketing and managerial capabilities in its credit scoring model. So, the...
From black and white to yin and yang: exploring the management of tensions in social enterprises
, Article Journal of Social Entrepreneurship ; 2021 ; 19420676 (ISSN) ; Mashayekhi, A. N ; Souzanchi Kashani, E ; Sharif University of Technology
Routledge
2021
Abstract
Social enterprises are organisations comprised of two conflicting logics: social and commercial. However, simultaneous commitment to both logics often leads to tensions, making social enterprises fragile organisations at the risk of mission drift. The extant literature on hybridity highlights two important overall strategies–integration and differentiation - for managing tensions. However, integration or differentiation alone can create additional problems, which is especially true in the case of differentiation, creating a situation comparable to black and white, with a salient faultline and heated conflicts. In this inductive qualitative case study, responding to the recent call in the...
A Comparative Study of the University-industry Collaboration and Networks in China and United States, According to their Artificial Intelligence (AI) Articles by Using Bibliometrics
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Souzanchi Kashani, Ebrahim (Supervisor)
Abstract
After several decades, artificial intelligence has been able to turn a science fiction dream into a reality and enter the arenas of international competition. Given the capacity of artificial intelligence to bring about change in society and the economy, experts refer to it as a new industrial revolution that can also affect national power and bring about change at the international level. Due to the growing importance of this technology, the world's powerful countries are seeking to achieve this knowledge and progress in it. But among the countries worldwide, the main competition in the field of artificial intelligence is between China and the United States. China has grown significantly...
Investigating the Effect of Innovation Partnerships on Iranian Firms Innovation Performance and Compare It in Different Industries Based on National Innovation Survey
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Ali (Supervisor) ; Souzanchi Kashani, Ebrahim (Supervisor)
Abstract
The thesis attempts to investigate one of the factors influencing enterprise innovation, namely, innovation cooperation, its types and its diversity by using the data of about 2,500 companies in different fields of industry of national innovation survey that had been collected in 1395 hijri. In this research, firstly, by reviewing the literature on the field of innovative cooperation and the performance of enterprise innovation, the model of the association of colleagues with innovation performance has been extracted. In the following, it answers to this question is whether the cooperation with colleagues is essentially affecting the innovation performance of Iranian firms or not? The...
Providing a Framework for Demonstrating the Organizational Capabilities of Knowledge-based Firms and Analyzing Iran's Knowledge-based Exports based on it: A Case Study in the Field of Chemical Technology
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Souzanchi Kashani, Ebrahim (Supervisor) ; Mirnezami, Reza (Supervisor)
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to provide a framework to demonstrate the organizational capabilities of chemical knowledge-based firms and analyze the relationship between these capabilities and exports. For this purpose, by combining 18 different output-based indicators, a model that includes six technological, manufacturing, research and development, marketing, organization and finance capabilities, was designed. Finally, in addition to analyzing the relationship between exports and the level of capabilities of knowledge-based firms, a comparison between the two groups of export and non-export firms and the analysis of these firms' current export situation was made in the period 2015-2018....
A Study of Organizational Capabilities in Knowledge Based Companies
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Kermanshah, Ali (Supervisor) ; Souzanchi Kashani, Ebrahim (Supervisor)
Abstract
Development of science and technology has been a main focus of Iranian policy makers in recent years. Knowledge based companies have been considered as a key player in this respect. However, Iranian policy making system is suffering from a lack of sophisticated understanding rooted in empirical evidences of critical factors influencing the performance of domestic knowledge based companies. This dissertation aims to provide an initial ground by studying the organizational capabilities which have influenced the success of such firms and comparing them with organizational capabilities which are mentioned in the related literature. For this purpose, four companies which are supposed to be...
Technological Learning Path in Defense Industry: Case Study of TOW Missile
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Souzanchi, Ebrahim (Supervisor)
Abstract
This Thesis identifies the pattern of technological learning in developing complex products systems (CoPS). The experiences of Iran in missile development in the defense industry has been studied to explain the learning process in attaining indigenous technological capability. The case study of TOW missile development including international technology transfers has been explored to investigate the technological learning patterns. The role of policy initiatives had excessive importance through technological learning in the case study
Deep analysis of Growth’s Pattern of Technological Capabilities in Knowledge-based Companies: Case Studies in Four Different Sectors
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Souzanchi, Ebrahim (Supervisor)
Abstract
Technological capabilities as one of the growth’s aspects in developing countries have gained focus for research in last years. This study attempt to analyze the pattern of technological capabilities in four different sectors including Optic, Aerospace, Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology. In each sectors four Iranian companies as the case studies are selected. After deep interviews with key people in each company, required data is gathered. Data in each company is analyzed. The results of analysis for companies in one sector are gathered for analyzing each sector. In order to evaluate technological capabilities, the time required to improve, lead-lag relationship for gaining higher levels of...
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghaddam, Hassan (Supervisor)
Abstract
The paper presents the results nonlinear analysis of steel base plates subjected to different combinations of axial and bending forces. The bending forces range from small moments representing small eccentricities to large moments from seismic actions. The results of analyses proved to be in good agreement with experiments. The parameters investigated in this study are as follows: distribution of strain and stresses in the concrete foundation and the steel plate, the strains and stresses in the tensile anchorage bolts, the location of neutral curve under the base plate, the centre of compressional reaction forces in concrete, the flextural rigidity of the base plate connection, and the axial...
Assessment of Seismic Retrofit Policies for Buildings
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Kashani, Hamed (Supervisor)
Abstract
Occurrence of natural disasters such as earthquake could seriously damage most buildings especially those with insufficient resistance located in urban worn-out textures. In order to reduce unpleasant consequences of an earthquake, appropriate policies need to be considered to persuade the beneficiaries to follow retrofitting standards in the process of planning, designing, and construction of buildings. These policies shall be implemented through institutions in arbitrary or obligatory forms, by encouragement or penalty mechanisms. In order to consider these policies, first of all we need to identify the beneficiaries and their particulars. By studying and considering subjects discussed in...
Probabilistic Framework to Quantify the Resilience of Urban Gas Distribution Networks
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Kashani, Hamed (Supervisor)
Abstract
This study proposes a probabilistic framework to quantify the seismic resilience of urban natural gas distribution networks. Infrastructure resilience is defined as the ability to maintain performance after a hazard or, in case of a loss of performance, return to the minimum desired level in the optimal time. The framework presented in this research is comprised of multiple interconnected probabilistic models. These models work in harmony to characterize the impact of the earthquake on various infrastructures such as the buildings and urban gas distribution network components, as well as the probable consequences of the earthquake. The post-earthquake recovery of the gas distribution network...