Sharif Digital Repository

In this study, a three-dimensional mathematical model, based on a nonuniform droplet concentration distribution, has been developed to simulate gas absorption in a venturi scrubber. The mass transfer process was illustrated by assuming the liquid phase as a combination of droplets and film. The flow, just as the annular two-phase flow, includes a flow of liquid film layer on the walls and a flow of gas and liquid drops in the core. Peclet number was determined using experimental data reported by Viswanathan et al. (1984) for distribution of droplets across the cross section of the scrubber. The mathematical model for gas absorption was justified by comparing the theoretical predictions with... 

In this research, the samples of a low carbon steel sheet were rolled up to a thickness prestrain of 67% at three different temperatures consisted of room, blue brittleness, and subzero temperature. Microhardness, SEM, and tensile tests were carried out to evaluate the static recrystallization kinetics defined by the Avrami equation, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties. It was found that the Avrami exponent is altered with change in prestrain temperature and it achieves the value of 1 to 1. 5. Moreover, it was indicated that prestraining at subzero temperature followed by annealing at 600 °C leads to considerable enhancement in tensile properties and kinetics of static... 

A coiled carbon nanotube (CCNT) can be formed from the distortion of parent toroidal carbon nanotube with a uniform pitch length and a uniform spring rise angle. In this research molecular dynamics simulation was carried out to assess the tensile properties of three CCNT having indexes of (3,3), (4,4), and (5,5). The results indicated that Stone-Wales defects are necessary for thermodynamic stability of the CCNTs. The stress-strain curves showed that the yield stress, yield strain, and failure strain are decreased with increase in temperature. The force-displacement curves revealed that the spring constant of these materials is highly depended on the tube diameter and rising angle, while it... 

During the recent years, some Mg based alloys have extensively been considered as a new generation of degradable and absorbable bio-medical materials. In this work, the Mg–2Zn–1Gd–1Ca (wt%) alloy as a new metallic bio-material was produced by the casting process followed by the heat treatment. The samples of the alloy were solution treated at temperatures of 500, 550, and 600 °C and then quench aged at temperatures of 125, 150, and 175 °C. The results of SEM-EDS examinations indicated that the alloy microstructure consists of α-Mg matrix and the Ca2Mg6Zn3 and Mg3Gd2Zn3 secondary phases. With regard to the results of Vickers hardness test, the temperatures of 500 °C and 150 °C were selected... 

In this research, the nonlinear elastic behavior of human extensor apparatus was investigated. To this goal, firstly the best material parameters of hyperelastic strain energy density functions consisting of the Mooney–Rivlin, Ogden, invariants, and general exponential models were derived for the simple tension experimental data. Due to the significance of stress response in other deformation modes of nonlinear models, the calculated parameters were used to study the pure shear and balance biaxial tension behavior of the extensor apparatus. The results indicated that the Mooney–Rivlin model predicts an unstable behavior in the balance biaxial deformation of the extensor apparatus, while the... 

The influence of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) on microstructure and mechanical behavior, as well as, strain aging during ECAP and post-ECAP of Mg-1.8Zn-0.7Si-0.4Ca biomedical alloy was examined. The alloy in solid solution heat-treated condition was processed by ECAP with route BC at 350 and 400 °C. The specimens ECAPed at 350 °C were aged at 125 and 150 °C for different times. The hardness and shear punch test results indicated that performing ECAP at 350 °C for 4 passes increases the hardness and shear strength of the alloy from 48 HV and 110 MPa to 71 HV and 188 MPa, respectively. It was revealed that the average grain size of the alloy decreases from 78 µm to about 3 µm after 4... 

The basic goal of this article is to present an abstract system-theoretic approach to morphological filtering and the theory of translation invariant systems which is mainly based on residuated semigroups. Some new results as well as a number of basic questions are also introduced  

In a previous paper we introduced a generalized model for translation invariant (TI) operators. In this model we considered the space, φ of all maps from an abelian group G to ω U {-∞}, called LG-fuzzy sets, where ω is a complete lattice-ordered group; and we defined TI operators on this space. Also, in that paper, we proved strong reconstruction theorem to show the consistency of this model. This theorem states that for an order-preserving TI operator Y one can explicitly compute Y(A), for any A, from a specific subset of φ called the base of Y. In this paper duality is considered in the same general framework, and in this regard, continuous TI operators are studied. This kind of operators... 

We consider translation invariant (TI) operators on Φ, the set of maps from an abelian group G to Ω ∪ {−∞} , called LG-fuzzy sets, where 0 is a complete lattice ordered group. By defining Minkowski and morphological operations on Φ and considering order preserving operators, we prove a reconstruction theorem. This theorem, which is called the Strong Reconstruction Theorem (SRT), is similar to the Convolution Theorem in the theory of linear and shift invariant systems and states that for an order preserving TI operator Y one can explicitly compute Y ( A ), for any A , from a specific subset of Φ called the base of Y . The introduced framework is a general model for the theory of translation... 

The main goal of this paper is to verify classical properties of morphological operators within the general model of translation invariant (TI) systems. In this model, TI operators are defined on the space of LG-fuzzy sets Φ i.e. Φ = {A: G → Ω ∪ {− ∞}} in which G is an abelian group and Ω is a complete lattice ordered group. A TI operator Y is an operator on Φ which is invariant under translation on G and Ω as groups. We consider the generalization of Minkowski addition (D on Φ and we emphasize that (Φ,⊛) is an involutive residuated topological monoid. We verify all properties of traditional (set-theoretic) morphological operators as well as classical representations (Matheron, 1967) for... 

Let G be a simple undirected uniquely vertex k-colorable graph, or a k-UCG for short. M. Truszczyński [Some results on uniquely colorable graphs, in Finite and Infinite Sets, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1984, pp. 733--748] introduced $e^{^{*}}(G)=|V(G)|(k-1)-{k \choose 2}$ as the minimum number of edges for a k-UCG and S. J. Xu [J. Combin. Theory Ser. B, 50 (1990), pp. 319--320] conjectured that any minimal k-UCG contains a Kk as a subgraph. In this paper, first we introduce a technique called forcing. Then by applying this technique in conjunction with a feedback structure we construct a k-UCG with clique number k-t, for each $t \geq 1$ and each k, when k is large enough. This also... 

In this paper, we derive some necessary spectral conditions for the existence of graph homomorphisms in which we also consider some parameters related to the corresponding eigenspaces such as nodal domains. In this approach, we consider the combinatorial Laplacian and co-Laplacian as well as the adjacency matrix. Also, we present some applications in graph decompositions where we prove a general version of Fisher’s inequality for G-designs  

Let d(σ)d(σ) stand for the defining number of the colouring σσ. In this paper we consider View the MathML sourcedmin=minγd(γ) and View the MathML sourcedmax=maxγd(γ) for the onto χχ-colourings γγ of the circular complete graph Kn,dKn,d. In this regard we obtain a lower bound for dmin(Kn,d)dmin(Kn,d) and we also prove that this parameter is asymptotically equal to χ-1χ-1. Also, we show that when χ⩾4χ⩾4 and s≠0s≠0 then dmax(Kχd-s,d)=χ+2s-3dmax(Kχd-s,d)=χ+2s-3, and, moreover, we prove an inequality relating this parameter to the circular chromatic number for any graph G  

In this study, a set of constitutive equation corrected for deformation heating is proposed for a near equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy using isothermal hot compression tests in temperature range of 700 to 1000 °C and strain rate of 0.001 to 1 s -1. In order to determine the temperature rise due to deformation heating, Abaqus simulation was employed and varied thermal properties were considered in the simulation. The results of hot compression tests showed that at low pre-set temperatures and high strain rates the flow curves exhibit a softening, while after correction of deformation heating the softening is vanished. Using the corrected flow curves, the power-law constitutive equation of...