Sharif Digital Repository

Congestive heart Failure (CHF) which occurs when the heart is no longer able to pump the blood sufficiently is a worldwide growing health concern. In the U.S. alone, an estimated 8 million people will be diagnosed with heart failure by 2030.Cardiac transplantation with limitations in donor availability, cannot solely resolve this global health concern. Therefore many patients must use alternative remedies, namely Artificial Heart and Ventricle Assist Device (VAD). The Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) is a mechanical pump that is implanted in patients with congestive heart failure to help the left ventricle in pumping blood to the circulatory system. They are known to... 

One of the novel methods of stabilization of nuclear waste is the use of vitrification technology. In order to stabilize high level wastes (HLLW) in glass, it is required that the elements are in their oxide form. Therefore, it is necessary to evaporate the waste and turn it into a solid form so that the elements can be converted into oxide form in the calcination furnace. Hence, one of the challenges of stabilization is the optimization of evaporation and calcination conditions. In this research, the parameters affecting evaporation were first investigated. Using laboratory measurements of application: temperature (110 to 180 °C), presence of nitric acid (0.5 to 4 mol/L), ratio of zirconium... 

One of the most common spinal surgeries involves spinal fusion or vertebral fixation, which is used to treat various conditions such as intervertebral disc disease, scoliosis (lateral deviation of the spinal column), fractures, infections, or the presence of tumors in the spinal column. In this surgical procedure, the use of pedicle screws and titanium rods prevents motion and friction between two vertebrae. Screws may enter the vertebrae in the wrong position and angle, causing bone weakening, rupture of nerve roots or blood vessels, weakness or lack of sensation in some parts of the body, spinal cord injury, and in severe cases, paralysis of the patient. For this reason, fusion surgery is...