Sharif Digital Repository

Manufacturing in many industries, such as electronics, petrochemical, automotive, and food, has long relied on continuous approaches, while the pharmaceutical industry has traditionally been processed in batch reactors. Since the beginning of the third millennium, continuous drug synthesis has received attention due to its multiple advantages over batch systems, which include process safety, adaptability, controllability, economic efficiency, scale-up, and enhancing performance. In this project, the pharmaceutical intermediate 1,4-benzodiazepine, which is usable as a precursor of diazepam and flurazepam, is continuously synthesized in a 400 microliters integrated micromixer and microreactor... 

In this thesis, we show that conformal Chern–Simons gravity in three dimensions has various holographic descriptions. They depend on the boundary conditions on the conformal equivalence class and the Weyl factor. The boundary conditions on the Weyl factor of the metric lead to three physically distinct scenarios: I. trivial Weyl factor, II. non-trivial but fixed Weyl factor and III. free Weyl factor. The metric is not necessarily asymptotically AdS in cases II and III, but nevertheless a dual CFT appears to emerge. We focus on a particular case III where an affine U(1) algebra related to holomorphic Weyl rescalings shifts one of the central charges by 1. The Weyl factor then behaves as a...