Sharif Digital Repository

Prediction of the thermo-mechanical behavior of machine-tool spindles is essential in the reliable operation of high speed machine tools. In particular, the performance of these high speed spindles is dependent on their thermal behavior. The main source of heat generation in the spindle is the friction torque in angular contact ball bearings. This paper presents an effort to develop a comprehensive model of high speed spindles that includes viable models for the mechanical and thermal behavior of its major components, i.e., bearings, shaft and housing. Spindle housing and shaft are treated as six-degree-of-freedom Timoshenko beam elements. Bearings are modeled as two-node elements with five... 

Endothelial dysfunction, which can be noninvasively assessed by flow mediated vasodilation (FMD), predicts an increased rate of adverse cardiovascular events. The endothelial dysfunction is considered as a leading cause of development and progression of the atherosclerotic process. The main aim of this study is to review different non-invasive methods to assess the endothelial dysfunction and to propose enhancements to a new method based on photoplethysmography (PPG). First, non-invasive techniques developed for the evaluation of peripheral endothelial function (including the Doppler ultrasound (US)) will be reviewed. Although noninvasive, US -based techniques present a few disadvantages. To... 

A series of herbal extract incorporated into poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composite nanofibrous scaffolds were successfully prepared by using electrospinning technique. Equisetum arvense extract (EE) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) in different quantities were loaded into PLA solution to fabricate composite nanofibrous webs under various electrospinning conditions. Uniform nanofibers were obtained with an average diameter of 157 ± 47 nm in the case of those containing the herbal extract. Characterization of the webs was carried out by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and... 

In the present study, we employ all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the dynamic behaviors and structural properties of the native and modified cellulose chains in the bulk, aqueous, and organic media. Particular attention has been directed to the role of different hydrophobic and hydrophilic functional groups as linear and branched aliphatic and also cyclic pendent groups on the solubility and packing of the cellulose chain. The various properties related to density profile, mean squared displacement, intramolecular entropy, radius of gyration, and radial distribution function were calculated. The results showed that the chain tendency toward crystallinity decreased when... 

Estimation of muscle force is needed for monitoring or control purposes in many studies and applications that include direct human involvement such as control of prosthetic arms and human-robot interaction. A new model is introduced to estimate the force of muscle from the EMG signals. Estimation is based on Hammerstein-Wiener Model which consists of three blocks. These blocks are used to describe the nonlinearity of input and output and linear behavior of the model. The nonlinear network is designed base on the sigmoid network. The introduced model is trained by some data sets which are recorded from different people and tested by some other data sets. The simulation results show low error... 

Access to a prototype during R&D can play a crucial role in early identification of the weaknesses in the design. Under circumstances that a particular commercial subsystem with the exact required specific features is unavailable, the realization of such a prototype can be delayed. In this paper, an example of rapid prototyping for a dual-channel biosignal data acquisition system based on the open-source concept is described. The selected biosignal is the finger photoplethysmogram. Except for Matlab, all other software components are open-source. The hardware design of the optical sensor utilized to record the signals is also open-source, making the system extremely affordable with the... 

The cauliflower like ZnO nanostructures are grown on ZnO nanorods using spray pyrolysis method. First, ZnO nanorod arrays are grown on p-type silicon substrate without catalyst by chemical vapor transport and condensation method in a horizontal tube furnace. Afterwards, the cauliflower like ZnO nanostructures is deposited on top of the ZnO nanorod array. The PL spectra of cauliflower like ZnO nanostructures consist of UV emission bands around 387 nm and a visible emission at ∼440 nm. The current-voltage (I-V) measurement under dark and UV illumination condition are performed to study photodetection of the cauliflower like ZnO-ZnO nanorod/p-Si heterostructure. The experimental data of dark... 

Due to inherent potential of General Regression Neural Network(GRNN) to approximate nonlinear functions, it can be implemented as a nonlinear state-feedback controller. In this paper the methodology of direct collocation and nonlinear programming is utilized in combination with GRNN to determine the optimal control of dynamical systems. Application of this method to the design of an optimal controller for a chaotic flexible beam as a non-autonomous, nonlinear system is investigated. © 2002 The American Institute Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc. All rights reserved  

The thermal conductivity (λ) of nanoconfined polyamide-6,6 (PA) oligomers in polymer-graphene nanocomposites has been investigated by reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (RNEMD) simulations. The preferential alignment of the PA chains parallel to the graphene plane as well as their elongation implies that λ of the polymer in nanocomposites is larger than that in the neat polymer system. The ordering of the polymer phase is enhanced in an arrangement of charged graphene surfaces made of one layer with a charge deficit and one with a charge excess. The consequence of the enhanced polymer ordering as well as the denser packing is an increase in λ in the polymer network. Differences in the... 

Recent advances in materials science have necessitated the development and understanding of manufacturing processes for safe and repeatable utilization. Grinding is shown to be a promising material removal process especially for brittle and hard to cut materials such as superalloys. Grinding has always been associated with analysis and modeling complications regarding its nature which has limited its extension and reliability of use. The first step in analysis of grinding is considering the action of a single abrasive grit on workpiece surface. In this work the action of a single CBN abrasive grit in creep-feed grinding process of Inconel 718 superalloy is modeled and analyzed using a 3D FEM... 

In this paper, we propose a new algorithm that minimizes the worst expected growth of an epidemic by reducing the size of the largest connected component (LCC) of the underlying contact network. The proposed algorithm is applicable to any level of available resources and, despite the greedy approaches of most immunization strategies, selects nodes simultaneously. In each iteration, the proposed method partitions the LCC into two groups. These are the best candidates for communities in that component, and the available resources are sufficient to separate them. Using Laplacian spectral partitioning, the proposed method performs community detection inference with a time complexity that rivals... 

The tendency towards using activity-based models to predict trip demand has increased dramatically over recent years, but these models have suffered insufficient data for calibration. This paper discusses ways to process the cellphone spatio-temporal data in a manner that makes it comprehensible for traffic interpretations and proposes methods on how to infer urban mobility and activity patterns from the aforementioned data. Movements of each subscriber is described by a sequence of stays and trips and each stay is labeled by an activity. The type of activities are estimated using features such as land use, duration of stay, frequency of visit, arrival time to that activity and its distance... 

Nowadays, we are facing epidemic spreading in many different areas; examples are infection propagation, rumor spreading and computer viruses in computer networks. Finding a strategy to control and mitigate the spread of these epidemics is gaining much interest in recent researches. Due to limitation of immunization resources, it is important to establish a strategy for selecting nodes which has the most effect in mitigating epidemics. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm that minimizes the worst expected growth of an epidemic by reducing the size of the largest connected component of the underlying contact network. The proposed algorithm is applicable to any level of available resources... 

The tendency towards using activity-based models to predict trip demand has increased dramatically over recent years. However, these models have suffered from insufficient data for calibration, and the intrinsic problems of traditional methods impose the need to search for better alternatives. This paper discusses ways to process cell phone spatio-temporal data in a manner that makes it comprehensible for traffic interpretations and proposes methods on how to infer urban mobility and activity patterns from the aforementioned data. The movements of each subscriber are described by a sequence of stops and trips, and each stop is labelled by an activity. The types of activities are estimated... 

The tendency towards using activity-based models to predict trip demand has increased dramatically over recent years. However, these models have suffered from insufficient data for calibration, and the intrinsic problems of traditional methods impose the need to search for better alternatives. This paper discusses ways to process cell phone spatio-temporal data in a manner that makes it comprehensible for traffic interpretations and proposes methods on how to infer urban mobility and activity patterns from the aforementioned data. The movements of each subscriber are described by a sequence of stops and trips, and each stop is labelled by an activity. The types of activities are estimated... 

A new method is proposed to analyze stability of descriptor systems with multiple commensurate time-delays. In this method, purely imaginary roots of the system are calculated, asymptotic behavior of root path at these roots is studied, and unstable regions of the system in the space of delays are determined. Moreover, the number of roots in each unstable region is calculated. Also necessary and sufficient conditions for τ-stabilizability of these systems are presented. Examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and validity of the proposed method. © 2019 The Franklin Institute  

This study presents a new approach to decompose singular time-delay systems (STDSs) in a way that they can be transformable to normal time-delay systems (TDSs) with a lower order. Necessary and sufficient conditions are provided to determine which STDSs can be transformed to TDSs. Also, a stabilisation method is provided to stabilise the system, while the time delay in the system can belong to several distinct intervals or even everywhere. The proposed method is non-fragile towards controller parameters. This method also reveals one of the many applicable situations of the proposed decomposition. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated through some examples. © 2018 The... 

In this paper a new approach is developed to stabilize descriptor systems with time-delay, while time-delay can belong to a given interval. This approach takes the advantages of system's singularity to simplify the model and uses the so-called Rekasius substitution to compute the controller parameters in a way that the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system in the given interval of the delay can be guaranteed. Finally, a numerical example is provided to evaluate the proposed method's effectiveness. © 2017 IEEE