Sharif Digital Repository

Cancer is a major cause of mortality worldwide, with a disease burden estimated to grow over the coming decades. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are rare cancer cells released from the primary or metastatic tumors and transported though the peripheral circulatory system to their specific secondary locations. The presence of CTCs in a cancer patient’s blood has been used as a prognostic biomarker, with lower CTC count correlating with greater overall survival. In spite of its clinical potential, the isolation and detection of CTCs has been a challenging task due to its rare presence amongst other blood cells (as low as 1–10 CTCs per billions of blood cells) and variability in terms of both... 

Due to the urgent need for early diagnosis of many blood and gastrointestinal diseases, the development and optimization of rapid diagnosis kits is considered important. One of the best ways to make these kits is to use paper microfluidics. The paper platform is inexpensive and compatible with diagnostic processes and can enable rapid and high-sensitivity detection. In the present study, filter paper has been used as the main platform and hydrophobic channels have been created with the help of a hydrophobic marker to guide the fluid on the paper substrate. To perform the detection process, color changes resulting from the aggregation of nanoparticles on the paper are used. In this case, in... 

Since that pathogenic bacteria have a predominant role in different aspects of human life such as clinical analysis and spread of contagious disease, food quality control and monitoring of environmental microbial infections, the aim of these studies is design and construction of electrochemical and electro-optical biosensors based on nanomaterials employing specific aptamer and antibody for detection of different bacteria in various real samples. An impedimetric biosensor based on nanoporous gold (NPG) was presented in the first part of the thesis for detection of Salmonella typhimurium as one of the main food- borne pathogenic bacterium. Three-dimensional structure of NPG was synthesized...