Preparation and Evaluation of Nanopolysaccharides- & Polysaccharides-Anticancer Drugs Conjugates

, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology Akhlaghi, Mehdi (Author) ; Pourjavadi, Ali (Supervisor)

Abstract

In recent years, cancer is the second leading cause of human death. Cancer treatment is based on surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Choice of treatment method depends on the degree of progression and type of cancer. However, the goal is destruction of cancer cells and minimal harmful side effects on healthy cells. In this thesis two types of polysaccharide-anticancer drug conjugate were prepared and evaluated for radiation therapy and chemotherapy; chitosan- and DTPA modified chitosan – Gallium 66 conjugates for radiation therapy and nano diacid starch –cisplatin conjugate for chemotherapy. Chitosan –gallium 66 conjugate was prepared in radiochemical purity higher than 99% at...

Study of Supramolecular Chemistry of Fullerene (C60) with Azobenzene Tweezer Linking to Biaza-Crown Macrocycles Coordinated to Zinc Tetraphenylporphyrin

, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology (Author) ; Ghanbari, Bahram (Supervisor)

Abstract

In this project, in continuation of a PhD resreach undertaken in this research group in 2017, the synthesis and study of two new tweezer and linker molecule bearing azobenzene moiety were carried out, characterized by applying IR spectroscopy, ¹H and ¹³C {¹H} NMR, fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X-ray crystallography. Firstly, interaction of T2 with meso-tetraphenylporphyrinato zinc(II) and aluminium tetraphenylporphyrinato were studied using the fluorescence spectroscopy. The formation constant of T2 in cis and trans isomer with ZnTPP was measured as 5.1(±0.4) ×108 and 2.0×108(±1074) dm6mol-2, respectively. The formation constant of T2 in with...

Investigation of Anticancer Drug Metabolism in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae as a Drug Resistance Model

, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Hamed Rahimi, Reza (Author) ; Yaghmaei, Soheila (Supervisor) ; Sardari, Soroush (Supervisor)

Abstract

Cancer is a life-threatening group of diseases that arises from the uncontrolled growth and division of cells in the body. Treatment options for cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and hormone therapy. However, resistance to anticancer drugs can develop through a variety of mechanisms, such as the upregulation of drug efflux pumps and alterations in DNA repair mechanisms. One common mechanism of drug resistance is through changes in metabolism, where cancer cells switch to alternative metabolic pathways to survive and evade the effects of anticancer drugs. The development of new drugs targeting specific molecules and pathways involved in...

Fabrication and Characterization of a 3D-Printed Bioceramic Nanocomposite Scaffold for Post-Surgical Osteosarcoma Treatment

, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Adib, Erfan (Author) ; Yaghmaei, Soheila (Supervisor) ; Ghobadi Nejad, Zahra (Supervisor)

Abstract

This research addresses the fabrication and characterization of a multilayered nanocomposite scaffold with a dual purpose for post-surgical bone cancer treatment . Eliminating residual cancer cells and promoting bone tissue regeneration. The scaffold was prepared from a combination of hydroxyapatite and 58S bioactive glass bioceramics in an 8 to 2 ratio. This bioceramic powder was combined with polylactic acid polymer, and scaffolds with precise and controlled geometry were fabricated using an FDM 3D printer. The design of this geometry facilitates cell infiltration, nutrient and waste transport, and ultimately, bone matrix formation. For anticancer properties, graphene oxide nanomaterial...