Sharif Digital Repository

Settlement and tilt of structures due to liquefaction of subsoil layers is a major cause of damage during earthquake. One of the main approaches to reduce terrible effects of liquefaction on shallow foundations is ground improvement. Among the variety of ground improvement methods, the densification-based methods have been more paid attention for liquefaction mitigation. For liquefaction hazard mitigation using densification methods, three basic values should be determined i.e. depth, lateral extent, and degree of improvement (percent increase in Dr). In the current design practice, the need for ground improvement is usually decided based on the semi-empirical methods for assessment of... 

Congestion is the inseparable part of everyday life in large transportation networks. Expansion of road networks especially in downtown area is next to impossible and it is resulting multiplicative congestion problems. Congestion imposes private and public costs. Therefore, restricting policies on road use through cordon-based or area-based pricing is proposed to reduce the negative impacts of traffic, travel demand management and optimal use of transportation systems. This would produce better resource allocation through transportation network optimization. Implementation of congestion pricing policies induces short-term and long-term effects. In this thesis, it is attempted to determine... 

With the transportation progress and appearance of transit industry, necessity of modern vehicles redounded to appearance of heavier trucks with higher speeds, moving on the roads. In addition, with the progress in mechanical engineering and automobile industry, appearance of such trucks is growing increasingly. So, bridges as one of the structures that civil engineers design and construct, nowadays are subjected to higher moving dynamic loads in comparison with the past. As a result, lots of investigation and researches in the universities and institutions all over the world are being conducting on the effects of the vehicle speeds on the dynamic stresses of the bridges. Bridge codes...