Sharif Digital Repository

We consider the impact of long-run uncertainty on relative GDP per Capita of an economy and show this effect is negative and significant. We show one standard deviation increase in uncertainty, decreases the economy’s GDP per Capita by 1.3%.In other words uncertainty affects the development of economies in addition to their growth rate. We show the significance of this effect in presence of human capital and physical capital. We consider the impact of uncertainty on relative productivity and show its significant negative impact. We consider the uncertainty impact on GDP per Capita’s time trend and show the effect diminishes over time.Additionally, we investigate the important channels of... 

According to current trend of energy production and consumption in the world, economic problems in various countries and too many eco-system disorders in which created by an unsustainable trend in development, recently, the concept of “sustainability” and in the following “sustainable development” has been featured by scientists, researchers and policy makers in different scientific disciplines specially energy system engineering. Therefore exact recognition of unsustainability of local and global energy supply and demand system is very essential. In this research after selection of five energy indicators for sustainable development by Delphi and MCDM methods, future perspective of Iranian... 

In this paper we answer to the following questions: First, whether we obseve conditional convergance indicating that the poor Iranian provinces tend to grow faster than the rich ones? Second, has inter-provinces migration helped the convergence? Three different indices are used for examining inter-province convergance. These include: per capita expenditure and per capita income both from the household survey since 1364 to 1394 and per capita regional GDP since 1379 to 1393. Our results support the convergance phenomena based on all three different indices. For the second question, we use instrumental variable to resolve the potential endogeneity problem caused by the reversed causality... 

The economic effects of large dams that were constructed during 1370-1393 in Iran are explored in this thesis and their effects on agriculture and welfare of their own district and downstream districts are analyzed. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method is used to investigate these effects and for more accurate results, we control for geographical variables and rainfall. The results of this study show that dam construction leads to higher agricultural yield, production value and irrigated area in the dam’s own district; but it doesn’t affect yield, production and irrigated area of downstream districts. Also dam construction results in planting more water-intensive crops in their own district... 

Since direct measurement of neutron energy, unlike measuring the energy of ionizing radiation, is difficult, and the use of indirect methods for detecting and measuring neutron energy with high resolution and acceptable efficiency are not possible, the neutron time of flight method is the only direct neutron energy spectroscopy method. This issue is considered and evaluated in two methods: direct and scattering neutron time of flight. For this purpose, we have considered the 241Am-9Be source. In this method, neutron velocity can be determined by measuring time. is the time for the neutron that travels at distance of . The next method is the dispersed neutron time of flight method, in... 

Facing the two challenges of the recession and rising requirement to reduce carbon emissions have led countries around the world to look for ways to promote economic productivity and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In the meantime, the appearance of renewable energies has the potential to grow and diversify the economy, in addition to providing an effective solution to meet the growing demand for energy. The impact of development of the renewables industry on the economy for each country and each type of renewables can be examined separately. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the development role of wind energy industry as the motive engine of industry and specifically answer two... 

Nowadays there are various means in the field of orbital mechanics used in different levels and their accuracy depends on the theory and complexity of the governing equations used in their development. Most of them just simulate the motion of an orbiting satellite while there exist some commercial products able to provide the user with the orbital performance specifications and almost none of them have a module to design an orbit, based on a required performance such as specific coverage / ground track, shadow/light duration, etc .... Although satisfying performance requirements and a set of orbital elements simultaneously only seems to be possible for some particular orbits, there is an...