Sharif Digital Repository

Worldwide coverage, online accessibility and unique accuracy of spatial and temporal satellite data such as rainfall, has encouraged researchers to apply this information in studies such as water resources engineering, hydrologic modeling, drought studies and flood forecast. This research aims to introduce a method that reduces the estimation error of rainfall data derived from a satellite product. “Satellites rainfall products” such as PERSIANN (Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks), which has been used in this research, has significant error in comparison with geo-prediction precipitation, due to stochastic and systematic errors. In... 

The classical approaches of drought analysis are performed using historical records and univariate statistical methods. In the use of historical records it is assumed that statistical characteristics of droughts will be exactly repeated in the future (the assumption of stationarity) and in the use of univariate methods it is assumed that drought variables (e.g. duration and severity) are independent; while on the contrary, global warming changes long-term climate patterns, which is called climate change, and also drought variables have significant correlation. Thus, results of classical approaches of drought analysis have uncertainties.The primary objective of this thesis is to propose an... 

Climate change impacts especially on temperature and precipitation, may have various effects on agriculture and water demand of agriculture sector in different regions around the world. Based on numerous researches, these effects may be positive in a region while another region might endure negative effects. Therefore carrying out researches and developing methods to predict these impacts as well as mitigating strategies seem to be essential. The most worldwide accepted method is using global circulation models (GCMs) outputs under different greenhouse gases emission scenarios, and according to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessments. IPCC claims that the most recent... 

The objective of this dissertation is to develop a model to monitor and project the long-term changes in meteorological drought under climate change at watershed scale. In this model, drought is defined based on joint precipitation-temperature values since negative correlation between precipitation and temperature implies that drier periods are often warmer, and therefore, the consequences of drought are more severe compared to low-precipitation periods with mild temperature. This is of particular importance considering global warming. To quantify drought, an indicator called precipitation-temperature deciles index, which is an extension of precipitation deciles index, is introduced. Copula... 

Shahid Kazemi reservoir is the largest, and the most strategic dam of Urmia Lake basin is located on the Zarrineh Rood River in the south of this basin. This reservoir is responsible for supplying drinking water to large cities such as Tabriz, the agricultural demands of significant plains, including the Miandoab plain, and most importantly, the environmental demands of Urmia Lake and downstream rivers. In recent years, due to increased consumption upstream of the dam and agricultural development downstream of the, Urmia Lake has faced water shortages. This study develops the first daily runoff forecast system for Shahid Kazemi reservoir in Urmia Lake basin (ULB), Iran, an important region... 

Water and energy are among the sectors affected by climate change. In recent years, many effects of climate change have been observed. In 2021, average land and ocean temperatures are 0.84 degrees Celsius higher than the 20th century average. The impact of climate change on water resources is also reflected. Iran has dry and semi-arid climate and 41% of Iranians live in low water areas. Considering the population growth, industrial development and importance of agriculture in Qazvin, it is necessary to plan the management of the water sector in this area. In this project, a water supply network model is proposed to provide water between urban, industrial and agricultural consumers and...