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The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes and reasons of the decline of Iran. The beginnings of decline can be traced to factors such as determinism, esotericism, fundamentalism, the absence of skilled men, as well as the lack of a stable legal system and the emigration of Iranians to foreign countries. Lack of attention and lack of thought about the causes of the decline of Iranian civilization is the main problem of Iran's backwardness. On the other hand, this is the main reason for the growth of Western civilizations. Westerners have made good use of this feature and provided the means for their civilization to flourish. The lack of the concept of decline in a culture does... 

The relationship between art and philosophy has been disputed for a long time and its history goes back to the ancient Greece. The dominant literary form at that time was poetry or tragedy, which are the first side of this relationship. On the other side was philosophical ethics. Plato and Aristotle are the main protagonists in this quarrel, which is known as the "Ancient Quarrel". I will first examine this quarrel and follow its different forms in the modern era, in which Hegel plays a prominent role by proposing the "end of art" thesis. By examining the criticisms made to this thesis, I will make clear the context in which the contemporary defenses that I explained in the following...