Sharif Digital Repository

This research uses the new approach of Son (2003) for the decomposition of poverty in Iran into three separate components of growth, inequality and population effects during 2001 to 2007 and meanwhile uses the integration of microeconomic and macroeconomic data together to increase the accuracy of the results. The main question of this research is to determine the orientation of development strategies for alleviation of poverty in Iran, which could be either growth-oriented or inequality-oriented ones. The resultes suggest that the former has always been pro-poor in Iran and has had the most dominant effect. Therefore, in order to decrease the poverty in Iran in the future, there should be... 

Empirical results in this research show that oil abundance in an economy tends to increase income inequality. Three mechanisms: Trade, civil liberties and imperfections of financial markets can explain this empirical finding, with the first being an alternative explanation for the Dutch disease. Besides, due to the influence it could have on parents underestimating the future costs of their children and because of the rents it produces, Oil abundance could reduce the opportunity cost of having children which results in a higher fertility rate. Moreover, empirical results confirm the negative relation between inequality and growth through the fertility mechanism. Therefore apart from... 

In this thesis, with a review on policy simulation and economic reform analysis literature, we design a suitable method to analyze the effects of monetizing energy carriers subsidy on welfare criteria of Iranian households. The selected method is limited general equilibrium that needs demand estimates of goods, services and energy. In firs step,based on 13 years of data on “Iranian Households’ Expenditures and Income” surveys, data are provided as a pseudo-panel. Demand equations are estimated using “Seemingly Unrelated Regressions” for panel data, and elasticities are calculated. In the next step, we evaluated the equivalent variation and equivalent gain measures in each price scenarios.... 

In this research supply and demand factors regarding skill premium, ratio of revenue of college to non-college workers, in years 1984 to 2012 have been investigated. Three periods 1984 to 1995, 1995 to 2005 and 2015 to 2012 can be identified. In all three periods relative supply of college workers has increased. Demand in the periods have been constant, increasing and decreasing respectively and with the effect of demand has led to decreasing, increasing and decreasing trend of skill premium in these periods respectively. Share of low skilled sectors like construction, trade and agriculture in second period declined which led to increased demand for high skilled labor .An opposite effect... 

In this study, we investigate the effect of the macroeconomic volatility on the income distribution of Iranian households from two descriptive and causal aspects. In the descriptive section, by using the national accounts and the data on urban household expenditures and income, from the years 1997 to 2018, the relationship between macroeconomic variables and household budget is extracted, and the "Income Distribution-Business Cycle" is portrayed. In the causal section, a two-step reduced form model with fixed effects is used to estimate the effect of GDP fluctuations on inequality and income distribution fluctuations of Iranian households. This is done using the panel data from the... 

This study wants to analyze the effects of the banking system on the transmission of monetary policy and its impact on wealth inequality. We use a continuous time heterogeneous framework with heterogeneity for households and capital producers. The model is an extended version of a two-asset heterogeneous agent New Keynesian model with heterogeneous capital producers and a bank with liquidity transformation. The production block consists of a final-good producer, intermediate-good producers, and capital-good producers. Capital good producers could get loans from the bank but have a borrowing constraint. We found that a) an expansionary monetary policy increases the issued loans, which leads...