Sharif Digital Repository

In this research, a new method is proposed for constructing concrete structures with complex geometry, including topology-optimized concrete dams on a small scale. According to global statistics, concrete is the most consumed material in the world after water, and its production process causes a lot of damage to the environment. One of the best ways to reduce concrete consumption is to use tools such as topology optimization to design concrete structures. Nevertheless, few research has been done in the field of topology optimization of concrete dams, one of the important reasons for which is the difficulty of building physical model to perform physical tests, validating numerical models, and... 

At building industry and other construction industries concrete process can be named as the most important part of making structure process, it is important because concrete is responsible of bearing compressive stress at the structure, and most of concrete quality depends on the curing after concreting. Concrete operation at the structure causes using other sciences like heat transfer science to increase the concert quality. Since freezing phenomenon causes serve decrease at concrete quality and the only way is destruction and repeating concreting which is very hard and sometimes impossible and also using chemical additive to decrease freezing point decreases quality and also is...