Sharif Digital Repository

Recently, the researchers try to identify the application of nanofluids for wettability alteration. Changing the wettability of reservoirs, which gas injects to them, to gas wet can lead to enhanced oil recovery. Although several studies have been conducted to introduce proper nanofluids for altering the wettability of reservoirs to gas wet, there is not enough study to investigate the application of nanocomposites for wettability alteration of carbonate reservoirs. In this study, 20 nanoparticles with different compositional structures were synthesized, and then various nanofluids were prepared for the experimental survey. Also, the potential of these nanofluids for wettability alteration... 

Resistive pulse sensing (RPS) has proved to be a viable method for detection and characterization of micro and nano particles. This method works based on ionic current variation inside nanopores. Modern fabrication methods have introduced different nanopore geometries for resistive pulse sensors therefore studing the effects of geometry on sensing performance of nanaopores is important. Numerical simulation has been used to study a wide variation of nanopore’s geometry configurations and study the physics behind this phenomena. Based on the results, numerical simulation could be used as a fast and easy tool for size determination for nanopore. To compare the sensing performance of different... 

Reverse electrodialysis-based membranes are one of the most promising approaches to osmotic energy production. However, conventional reverse electrodialysis membranes have high strength and insufficient mass transfer, which leads to low power density and efficiency. In recent decades, the transport of ions at the nanoscale for the manufacture of reverse electrodialysis machines has attracted much attention. Compared to conventional devices, power density and energy conversion efficiency increase dramatically due to space constraints and electrostatic interactions at the nanoscale. Lamellar nanostructures, which can be easily fabricated by stacking two-dimensional nanosheets, may be a... 

The novel concept of using magnetic nanofluidic electrolyte for redox flow batteries (RFBs) is demonstrated for the first time. In this regard, the stable magnetic nanofluidic electrolytes are prepared by dispersing magnetic modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MMWCNTs) in the positive electrolyte of a polysulfide-iodide redox flow battery at mass concentrations of less than 0.3 g L−1. The electrochemical behavior of magnetic nanofluidic electrolyte was examined using cyclic voltammetry at different mass concentrations of MMWCNTs with a carbon felt electrode. Higher and stable peak current densities were observed at larger mass concentrations of MMWCNTs. A polysulfide-iodide redox flow... 

A 2D simulation has been carried out to study the effect of magnetic field on heat transfer and pressure drop of nanofluid flowing through a pipe filled with porous medium. The nanofluid flow is modeled as a single-phase flow, and Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer equation is employed to model fluid flow in porous media. A constant uniform heat flux was imposed on the walls of the cylinder, and the values of Darcy number, Hartmann number, and volume fraction of the nanoparticles were selected as 0.1, 200, and 0.2, respectively. Effects of parameters such as Reynolds number, the material of the porous medium (conductivity and porosity), and material of nanofluids have been investigated in the... 

We studied dynamics of droplets inside channels under surface forces created by chemicalsteps on the channel walls. A multi-component Shan-Chen lattice Boltzmann method isused for this purpose.The effects of parameters such as the channel height, viscosity anddensity ratios on the results were investigated for homogeneous and grooved substrates. Alsoan analytical solution was developed for droplets under chemical heterogeneities in channels with smooth surfaces. The solution considers a general condition, namely, asymmetry of the contact angles on the top and bottom walls, the viscosity of the gas as the second fluid and the effect of the channel height. Then using Shan-Chen lattice... 

In the present study, mixed-convective heat transfer of nanofluids in a vertical rectangular channel partially filled with open-cell metal foam has been investigated experimentally and numerically. Al2O3–H2O nanofluids with different concentrations were synthesized and their stability was inspected with UV-Vis spectroscopy. The outlet temperature and pressure drop were measured for different nanofluid flow rates (i.e., Reynolds number values). In the numerical section, a two-dimensional volume-averaged form of the governing equations was used. The velocity and temperature profiles were obtained using finite difference method. The Brinkman–Forchheimer extended Darcy model and the... 

Modern microelectronic systems generate a large amount of heat which must be transferred out of the system without excessive temperature rise. Conventional forced air convection and microchannel cooling plates have reached their performance limits Nanofiuids are proposed as an innovative way to solve the problem. A nanofiuid is nanoscale solid particles dispersed in a traditional heat transfer liquid. Some studies show an anomalous increase in the thermal conductivity for stationary nanofiuids. However, there are only few previous studies on the convection heat transfer rate and viscosity of nanofiuids. Both convection and stationary measurements of the thermal conductivity are widely... 

In the present study, Nano-fluid natural convection on a constant temperature vertical plate is numerically investigated, following the similarity analysis of transport equations. After changing the governing differential equations to the ordinary differential equations, they were numerically solved by the fourth order Runge-Kutta method.. The analysis shows that all three main profiles, velocity, temperature and concentration in their specific boundary layers, and the Prandtle number, depend on three important additional dimensionless parameters, namely a Brownian motion parameter, a thermophoresis parameter, and a buoyancy ratio parameter. Finally, it was found that the Nusselt number in... 

Considerable increase in speed and decrease in size of electronic devices results in increase of heat flux, so there is a need to enhance efficiency of cooling electronic devices. In the present research two sets of OLPHPs with five turns for two different magnetic nano-fluids were fabricated and the effects of working fluid (water, and two types of magnetic nano-fluids), working pressure, concentration, magnetic field, magnets location, and inclination angle on the thermal performance of OLPHPs have been considered in both startup and steady thermal conditions.
Experimental results show that magnetic nano-fluids can improve thermal performance of the OLPHPs. Application of magnetic... 

The present work illustrates the results of an experimental study of ferrofluid flow in a tube subjected to a constant heat flux on its wall and filled with permeable material under the effect of magnetic field. The aim of this project is investigating the enhancement of heat transfer and obtaining a uniform temperature distribution inside the pipe. In order to achieve this, a porous medium with a porosity of 0.39 and ferrofluid with volume fractions of 0.6, 1.0 and 1.5 are used simultaneously, in the presence of magnetic field. The experiments are held for four different Reynolds numbers of 147.1, 167.3, 184.3 and 205.1. Also, four various modes of the oscillatory magnetic field are applied... 

Despite of passing many years from invention of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), simulation of the fluid-solid interfaces and free surfaces are still completely challenging and progressive problems. In addition knowing and understanding nanotechnology huge applications,modeling of nano-fluids have been became a priority for researchers. Adding importance of Non-Newtonian fluids (especially polymeric solutions) to this two subjects, triangle topics of this research becomes vivid. In this research tried to consider and examine behavior of Newtonian,Generalized-Newtonian, Viscoelastic and nano-filled viscoelastic fluids in one and two phase mediums. we followed mesh free methods which are... 

In this study, thermal and rheological properties of nanofluids of water/carbon nanotubes, water/spherical silica nanoparticles and water/hybrid nanoparticles (hybrid of carbon nanotubes and spherical silica nanoparticles) have been investigated. To do so, carbon nanotubes have been synthesized by CCVD process and spherical silica nanoparticles and hybrid nanoparticles by wet chemical method. After synthesis of nanomaterials, nanofluids have been prepared by using SDBS as a dispersant with the concentration of 1.5 times of concentration of nanomaterials and then thermal conductivity, kinematic viscosity, dynamic viscosity and density of nanofluids have been investigated. As the results show,... 

Application of nanotechnology in the field of heat transfer has increased recently. The need to increase heat transfer rate yet decrease the size of cooling equipment, brought about lots of attention to thermal properties of Nanofluids. Nanofluid is the suspension of nanometer-sized solid particles in base liquid. Research on convective heat transfer of nanofluids which is only two decades old, shows great potential in increasing heat transfer rate. Although there is a remarkable research on thermal conductivity of Nanofluids, negligible research was conducted on combined Nanofluids . Developed Theory for thermal conductivity of combined nanofluid can be used to modeling the thermal... 

Regarding to the effect of nanoparticles on mass transfer and hydrodynamics characteristics, limited number of studiesavailableinthe literature.In this work, mass transfer performanceand hydrodynamic characteristics nanofluidshavebeeninvestigated in the liquid−liquid extraction process. The chemical system of toluene-acetic acid-water was used, and two Extraction columnswith diameter of 10cm and height of 55cm and 6 cm were designed. The drops were organic nanofluids containing silica nano-particles and carbon nano-tubes.Synthesized silica nanoparticles by sol-gel methods, were modified with Triethoxyoctylsilane and Polydimethylsiloxane as well as Carbon nano-tubes were modified with dodecyl... 

Thermal management of micro-electronic devices is a contemporary issue which is increasingly gaining importance in line with the advances in packaging technology. Immediate and consistent multi-disciplinary research is needed to cater to the prevailing trends of net power and flux levels of upcoming micro-electronics products. Material science, packaging concepts, fabrication technology and novel cooling strategies are some of the key areas requiring synchronal research for successful thermal management. Focusing on the latter area, this thesis presents an experimental study on thermal performance of Micro-Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipes (MCLPHPs) which are new entrants in the family of... 

Nanofluids are new engineering materials with great potential for application in process industries. Their enhanced heat-transfer properties are reported in recent literatures. However, with respect to the influence of nanoparticles on mass transfer characteristics, limited number of studies available in the literature, deal primarily with gas-liquid systems. In this work, mass transfer performance and droplet behavior along a pulsed liquid-liquid extraction column, is studied where SiO2 nanoparticles with concentrations of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 vol% and different hydrophobicities are applied to the dispersed phase. Using ultrasonication, nanoparticles were dispersed in kerosene as the base... 

In liquid-liquid extraction, as in gas absorption, two phases must be brought into good contact to permit transfer of material. The presence of nanoparticles in liquid phase can enhanced the rate of gas-liquid mass transfer. The benefits of nanofluids can be used to enhance the heat and mass transfer of liquid-liquid extraction. Standard test system with low interfacial tension that recommended by EFCE: n-butanol/water/succinic acid, was used in this project. The CNTs/n-butanol that was saturated of water used as dispersed phase. Water and succinic acid used as continuous phase and solute. Since there is no chemical reaction to take place between CNTs and n-butanol, In order to obtain well... 

In this paper, carbon structures such as multi wall carbon nano tubes, graphene and hybrid graphene-iron oxide, for utilisation in wet cooling towers in order to improve heat transfer are being discussed. All synthesized nanoparticles are prepared by chemical vapour deposition and wet chemical methods. Nature and structure of the created particles is also being examined by using X-Ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. The water used in this research is a kind of brine water, currently being used in industrial cooling towers at oil-rich regions of southern Iran. Performing the ICP test on the available water and by exact determination of its... 

Inhencemant of automobile radiator heat performance is the purpose of this study. Radiator fin shape, coolant fluid properties and influence of nanofluid studied in this research. Plain fin, louvered fin and vortex generator fin is choosen and design. With flow simulation influence of fin shape on heat performance is studied. After that, with considering radiator coolant fluid, the effect of antifreezing on fin heat transfer is evaluated. Then by addin nanoparticles to water and antifreezing solution, effect of nanofluid on heat transfer is evaluated. Results show that with increasing the air velocity for all geometries in the study , heat transfer and pressure drop is increased. But heat...